OCULAR ADNEXA 1 OCULAR ANNEXAS n n CONJUNCTIVA

OCULAR ADNEXA 1

OCULAR ANNEXAS n n CONJUNCTIVA EYELID LACRIMAL SISTEM ORBIT 2

THE EYELIDS 1. 2. 3. 4. Congenital abnormalities of eyelids Abnormalities of eyelids shape and position Inflamation of eyelids Tumors of eyelids 3

. n 4 Blepharoptosis – dropping of the upper lid 4

n 6 Epicanthus – a vertical skin fold occurring in the medial canthus that conceals the medial angle and the caruncle. 5

Abnormalities of shape and position 1. 2. 3. Entropion Ectropion Blepharoptosis 6

Entropion n eyelid margin is turned inward so that the lashes irritate the eye which causes corneal epithelial defects, conjunctival injection and tearing, sometimes leading to secondary infection of the cornea or conjunctiva 7

Ectropion n eyelid margin is turned away from the eye so that the conjunctiva is exposed n n atonic cicatricial spastic allergic 8

Blepharoptosis n n condition in which the upper eyelid drops and the palpebral fissure is narrowed Surgical correction of blepharoptosis: n n n resection of the conjunctiva, tarsus, Muller muscle corrects up to 3 mm of blepharoptosis; resection of levator palpebrae muscle is recommended in moderate blepharoptosis; when the levator palpebrae muscle function is absent the upper eyelid is suspended to the frontalis muscle 9 by means of fascia lata or synthetic material.

Inflamation of eyelids 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Blepharitis Meibomitis Hordeolum Chalasion Dermatitis 10

Blepharitis n n cronic inflamation of the eyelid margin Treatment: n n lid hygiene warm compresses antibiotics corticosteroids 11

Meibomitis n n passive retention of secretion by meibomian glands Treatment: eyelid margin massage with moist washcloth 12

Hordeolum n acute supurative inflammation of the follicle of an eyelash or the associated gland of Zeiss (sebaceous) or Mall (sweat) 13

Chalasion n n chronic inflammatory lipogranuloma of a meibomian gland Clinical n n n gradual painless swelling of the gland increase of size chalasion may cause pressure on the globe and astigmatism sometimes it may become secondary infected. 14

Dermatitis n large variety of microbial organisms can infect the skin of eyelid n n n n Impetigo Erysipelas Anthrax malignant pustule tuberculosis, leprosy, herpes zoster, veruca vulgaris, molluscum contagiosum 15

Tumors of eyelids n Benign tumors 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. n papilloma cutaneous horn seborrehoeic keratosis keratoachantoma hemangioma melanotic nevi Malign tumors 1. 2. 3. basal cell carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma melanoma 16

papilloma n n irregular, frond-like projection of the skin with a central vascular pedicle Treatment: is usually esthetic and only sometimes symptomatic and consists in excision of the tumor LECTURER DR. RUSU VALERIU 17

cutaneous horn n firm projecting keratinized mass LECTURER DR. RUSU VALERIU 18

seborrehoeic keratosis n extremely common in the elderly and appears as a slow-growing, discrete, greasy, brown, round or oval lesion with friable verrucose surface 19

keratoachantoma n n Typically starts as an erithematous papule grows and raises in a pinkish, indurate nodule keratin-filled crater undergoes spontaneous regression 20

hemangioma n Treatment n n n local injection with corticoids arterial ligature of the main sources excision 21

basal cell carcinoma n n n most common malignant tumor of the eyelid from the lower eyelid or medial canthus slow growing locally invasive very late metastasize 22

squamous cell carcinoma n the grown rate and the metastasize are faster 23

Sebaceous Cell Carcinoma n . 24