Http netwk hannam ac kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 6

교재 및 참고문헌 Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 6

Dept of Computer Engineering Where do we now stand ? Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 8

COBOL = PL/1 FORTRAN = F 77 PASCAL = Ada C H. L. L. L Data Structure = Algorithm Analysis System Programming Program Language Theory Database Compiler Design Theory Computer Architecture Operating System Computer Network Communication Technology Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 9

Chapter 1 개요(Introduction) 학습목표(Objectives) Upon completion you will be able to: • Understand how the Internet came into being • Understand the meaning of the terms protocol and standard • Understand the various organizations involved in the standards • Understand the different levels of Internet service providers • Understand the groups involved in Internet administration Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 10

CONTENTS • A BRIEF HISTORY • PROTOCOLS AND STANDARDS • STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS • INTERNET STANDARDS • INTERNET ADMINISTRATION Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 11

1. 1 A Brief History A network is a group of connected, communicating devices. An internet is two or more networks that can communicate with each other. The most notable internet is called the Internet. Millions of people are users. Yet this extraordinary communication system only came into being in 1969. The topics discussed in this section include: ARPANET Birth of the Internet Transmission Control Protocol / Internetworking Protocol MILNET CSNET, NSFNET & ANSNET The Internet Today Time Line Growth of the Internet Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 12

1. 1 간략한 역사(계속) < ARPANET Ü 1967년 ARPA(Advanced Research Project Agency) 는 ACM(Association for Computing Machiney)모임 에서 각 호스트를 IMP(Interface Message Processor) 라는 특정 컴퓨터에 연결하고, IMP들을 서로 연결 하는 ARPANET이란 아이디어 제안 Ü 1969년 4개의 노드(UCLA, UCSB, SRI, UU)를 네 트워크로 구성, NCP(Network Computer Protocol) 라는 소프트웨어가 호스트간 통신 제공 Ü 1972년 Vint Cerf와 Bob Kahn은 네트워크를 통하 여 패킷을 전송하는 중계 하드웨어 역할을 하는 게이트웨이(Gateway) 개발 Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 14

1. 1 간략한 역사(계속) – 현재의 인터넷 Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 17

1. 1 간략한 역사(계속) <국내 인터넷 접속도 Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 22

1. 1 간략한 역사(계속) <전세계 인터넷 접속도 Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 23

1. 1 간략한 역사(계속) < 국내 인터넷 이용자 수 Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 24

1. 1 간략한 역사(계속) < 국내 인터넷 현황 Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 25

1. 1 간략한 역사(계속) < 국내 ISP 현황 Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 26

1. 1 간략한 역사(계속) < 국내 인터넷 연결 현황 Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 27

1. 2 Protocols and Standards In this section, we define two widely used terms: protocols and standards. First, we define protocol, which is synonymous with “rule. ” Then we discuss standards, which are agreed-upon rules. The topics discussed in this section include: Protocols Standards Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 29

1. 3 Standards Organizations Standards are developed through the cooperation of standards creation committees, forums, and government regulatory agencies. The topics discussed in this section include: Standards Creation Committees Forums Regulatory Agencies Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 33

Standards Creation Committees International Standards Organization (ISO) International Telecommunications Union– Telecommunication Standards Sector (ITU-T) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Electronic Industries Association (EIA) Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 34

Forums Frame Relay Forum ATM Forum Regulatory Agencies Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 35

1. 3 표준 기구(계속) < 국제전기통신연합(ITU-T) Ü International Telecommunications Union Ü UN 산하기구 Ü CCITT(Consultative Committee for International Telegraphy and Telephony) 후신 Ü 일반 전기통신, 전화, 데이터 통신 시스템 표준 Ü www. itu. int Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 37

Note: The websites for the standardization organizations are given in Appendix F. Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 43

1. 4 Internet Standards An Internet standard is a thoroughly tested specification. There is a strict procedure by which a specification attains Internet standard status. A specification begins as an Internet draft, working document with no official status and a six-month lifetime. A draft may be published as a Request for Comment (RFC). The topics discussed in this section include: Maturity Levels Requirement Levels Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 48

1. 4 인터넷 표준(계속) < RFC 완성 단계 Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 50

Note: RFCs can be found at www. faqs. org/rfcs Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 56

1. 5 Internet Administration The Internet has evolved and gained a broader user base with significant commercial activity. Various groups that coordinate Internet issues have guided this growth and development. The topics discussed in this section include: Internet Society (ISOC) Internet Architecture Board (IAB) Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) Names and Numbers (ICANN) Network Information Center (NIC) Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 57

1. 5 인터넷 관리 < 인터넷 조직 Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 58

1. 5 인터넷 관리(계속) < IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force) Ü IESG(Internet Engineering Steering Group)에 의해 관리되는 작 업 그룹 Ü 운영상의 문제점 파악, 해결책 제공 Ü 인터넷 표준 규격 개발, 검토 Ü 현재 9개의 작업반(working group) 활동 (applications, internet protocols, routing, operations, user services, network management, transport, IPng, security) Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 61

1. 5 인터넷 관리(계속) < IRTF(Internet Research Task Force) Ü IRSG(Internet Research Steering Group)에 의해 관리 되는 작업 그룹 Ü 인터넷 프로토콜과 응용, 구조, 기술과 관련된 장기간 연구 주 제를 중점적으로 다룸 Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 62

1. 5 인터넷 관리(계속) < IANA(Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) Ü 1998년 10월까지 인터넷 도메인 네임과 주소 관리 책임 < ICANN(Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Nubmers) Ü IANA 운영감독 < NIC(Network Information Center) Ü TCP/IP 프로토콜에 관련 정보 수집과 분배 책임 < 한국인터넷진흥원(NIDA) Ü www. krnic. or. kr Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 63

Note: The websites for Internet organizations can be found in Appendix F. Http: //netwk. hannam. ac. kr HANNAM UNIVERSITY 64