FELIZ DA DEL PRETRITO PAST TENSE IN SPANISH

ÌFELIZ DÍA DEL PRETÉRITO!

PAST TENSE IN SPANISH THERE ARE TWO PAST TENSES IN SPANISH: PRETERITE AND IMPERFECT *EACH HAS SPECIFIC REASONS WHEN IT MUST BE USED. *STEM-CHANGING VERBS DO NOT MAKE THE STEMCHANGE IN PAST TENSES! EX. I CLOSED THE DOOR=YO CERRÉ LA PUERTA.

PRETERITE IS A TENSE USED TO DESCRIBE COMPLETED ACTIONS IN THE PAST.

Present Tense I am speaking Spanish. I speak Spanish. I do speak Spanish. Yo hablo español.

Preterite Tense I did speak Spanish. I spoke Spanish. Yo hablé español.

PRETERITE Ex. She visited Spain last year. Ella visitó España el año pasado. Ex. Did you(inf. ) work with Juan? ¿Tú trabajaste con Juan?

PRETERITE Preterite Verb Endings. Regular Verbs

REGULAR VERBS-PRETERITE ENDINGS -AR verbs hablar=to speak/talk hablé hablamos hablaste habló hablaron

REGULAR VERBS -PRETERITE ENDINGS -ER verbs aprender=to learn aprendí aprendimos aprendiste

REGULAR VERBS -PRETERITE ENDINGS -IR verbs vivir=to live viví vivimos viviste vivió vivieron

REGULAR VERBS -PRETERITE ENDINGS -IR verbs escribir=to write escribí escribimos escribiste

Typical Phrases most often associated with the Preterite Tense.

PHRASES TYPICALLY ASSOCIATED WITH PRETERITE: 1. el _____ pasado = last ________ (day of week, year= año) 2. ayer= yesterday 3. una vez = one time/once 4. la semana pasada= last week 5. anoche = last night 6. hace ____ día(s) (año(s), semana(s), mes(es)=______ days, years, weeks, months ago

PRETERITE TENSE USED WITH REFLEXIVES

PRETERITE USED WITH REFLEXIVES: 1. A Reflexive verb is used to show the action a subject does for oneself. Ex. I take a bath today. Yo me baño hoy. 2. Reflexives exist in Preterite Tense as well. ex. I bathed yesterday. Yo me bañé ayer. 3. If you use a Reflexive Verb, do not forget you need a Reflexive Pronoun in a Spanish sentence to show the subject doing the action for themselves. • • Reflexive Pronouns=me-myself, te=yourself(inf. ), se=him/her/your(Ud. )self, nos=ourselves, se=themselves They are placed BEFORE a conjugated verb OR attached to the Infinitive. Ex. Yo me baño. Ex. Yo voy a bañarme.

PRETERITE USED WITH REFLEXIVES TAREA: Write the following in your notebook. 1. We went to bed very early last week. (acostarse) 2. Did they wash their hands before they ate? (lavarse las manos) 3. You (inf. ) brushed your teeth yesterday. (cepillarse los dientes) 4. I arrived late to class one time because I woke up late. (despertarse) 5. She did not worry about her homework. (preocuparse por) *Reminder! Stem-Changing verbs DO NOT stem change in the past tense.

SPELL CHANGE 1 ---PRETERITE VERBS

IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS SPELL CHANGE VERBS 1 The following verbs have a spell change when conjugated into the Preterite tense: llegar=to arrive jugar=to play (sports) tocar=to play (an instrument) buscar=to look for almorzar=to have lunch comenzar=to begin empezar=to begin

PAY ATTENTION TO THE VERB ENDINGS: llegar-to arrive jugar*-to play (sports) buscar- to look for tocar- to play (instrument) almorzar- to eat lunch empezar*to begin IMPORTANT: Stem-Changers comenzar*- to begin do NOT stem change in the Preterite tense!

SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE 1 COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: llegar= to arrive llegaron llegué, llegaste, llegó, llegamos, jugar= to play sports jugaron jugué, jugaste, jugó, jugamos, buscar= to look for busqué, buscaste, buscó, buscamos, buscaron tocar= to play (inst. ) toqué, tocaste, tocó, tocamos, tocaron

SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE VERBS 1 (CONT. ) empezar= to begin empecé, empezaste, empezó, empezamos, empezaron comenzar= to begin comencé, comenzaste, comenzó, comenzamos, comenzaron almorzar=to eat lunch almorcé, almorzaste, almorzó, almorzamos, almorzaron YOU ARE ONLY RESPONSIBLE TO LEARN THE MEANINGS AND CONJUGATIONS OF THE VERBS GIVEN

SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE VERBS 1 (CONT. ) ¿Cómo se dice? 1. We began to do the homework for Mrs. Turnbull. 2. They looked for the smart girls three days ago. 1. We are working now but last week I did not work. 2. I arrived late to class one time but Mateo arrives late everyday. 3. I ate lunch in school last Saturday but yesterday I ate at home.

SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE 2

IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS SPELL CHANGE VERBS 2 The following verbs have a spell change in the third and fifth subjects when conjugated into the Preterite tense: dormir=to sleep sentir=to feel pedir=to ask for

SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE 2 COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: dormir=to sleep dormí , dormiste, durmió, dormimos, durmieron sentir= to feel sentí, sentiste, sintió, sentimos, sintieron pedir=to ask for pedí, pediste, pidió, pedimos, pidieron

SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE 2 WRITE THESE DOWN…YOU DO NOT HAVE TO MEMORIZE THESE. morir=to die morí , moriste, murió, mormimos, murieron seguir= to feel seguí, seguiste, siguió, seguimos, siguieron advertir=to warn advertí, advertiste, advirtió, advertimos, advirtieron

REGULAR, SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE 1 Y 2 TAREA: WRITE THE FOLLOWING IN YOUR NOTEBOOK THEN WRITE IN SPANISH: GIRLS-ALL EVENS BOYS- ALL ODDS 1. I began to do my homework last week. 2. When did she play soccer with Mateo? Yesterday or last year? 3. I arrived very late to school last Tuesday. 4. You (Ud. ) listened to Marcos in class but I slept. 5. I ate lunch with the smart (teen) boys yesterday at noon. 6. Melissa asked for the homework in class. 7. Did I watch television yesterday or did I begin the lesson? 8. Five years ago, she lived in California. Last year, she lived in Pittsburgh. 9. One time, I took pictures of the pretty flowers.

SPELL CHANGE PRETERITE-”Y” VERBS

IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS SPELL CHANGE “Y” VERBS The following verbs have a spell change when conjugated into the Preterite tense:

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “Y” VERBS COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: 1. caer=to fall 2. caerse=to fall down 3. leer=to read 4. creer=to believe

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “Y” VERBS COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: caer=to fall caí caiste cayó caimos cayeron

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “Y” VERBS COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: caerse=to fall down me caí te caiste se cayó nos caimos se cayeron

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “Y” VERBS COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: leer=to read leí leiste leyó leimos leyeron

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “Y” VERBS COPY INTO NOTEBOOK: creer=to believe creí creiste creyó creimos creyeron

PRETERITE VERBS PRACTICA!: WRITE THE FOLLOWING IN YOUR NOTEBOOK THEN WRITE IN SPANISH: 1. Five days ago, she fell down in the street (la calle). 2. He did not sleep well last night. 3. You (Ud. ) believed Marcos, he was very smart. 4. The pen fell from the table (la mesa). 5. Melissa asked for the homework in class. 6. Five years ago, she lived in California. 7. One time, they gave them(f) to them. Replace the Indirect and Direct Objects.

IRREGULAR VERBS 1 -DAR AND VER

IRREGULAR VERBS DAR & VER dar=to give di dimos diste dio ver=to see vi vimos viste dieron vio vieron DAR AND VER DO NOT HAVE ANY ACCENTS!

IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS SER & IR

IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS- SER & IR ser=to be fuimos fuiste fue ir=to go fuimos fuiste fueron SER AND IR HAVE THE EXACT SAME CONJUGATIONS IN THE PRETERITE TENSE AND

IRREGULAR PRETERITE SER AND IR Read carefully in both English and Spanish when using the Preterite of ser and ir. Ex. Miguel fue un médico y él fue al hospital ayer para trabajar. Miguel was a doctor and went to the hospital yesterday in order to work.

PRETERITE VERBS PRACTICA!: TAREA! WRITE THE FOLLOWING IN YOUR NOTEBOOK THEN WRITE IN SPANISH: 1. I gave Miguel my money last Tuesday. . 2. He went home late one time. 3. Were you (Ud. ) a good student last year? 4. The class did not see the movie yesterday. 5. Melissa asked for ticket (el boleto) last night. 6. Did you-all give him it? (it=the book)*Replace the Direct and Indirect Objects

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “J” VERBS You are responsible for the following verbs: *traducir=to translate *conducir=to drive *decir=to say/tell *traer=to bring

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “J” VERBS

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “J” VERBS: traducir=to translate tradujimos tradujiste tradujo conducir=to drive condujimos condujiste tradujeron condujo “J” verbs have no accents! condujeron

IRREGULAR PRETERITE “J” VERBS: decir=to say/tell dije dijimos dijiste dijo traer=to bring traje trajimos trajiste dijeron trajo “J” verbs have no accents! trajeron

VERY IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS!!! CONJUGATIONS

VERY IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS You are responsible to learn the meanings and conjugations of the following: NONE OF THE FOLLOWING HAVE ACCENTS! estar= to be estuve vinimos estuviste estuvo vinieron venir-to come viniste estuvieron vino

VERY IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS You are responsible to learn the meanings and conjugations of the following: NONE OF THE FOLLOWING HAVE ACCENTS! hacer= to make/do hice hicimos hiciste hizo tener=to have tuvimos tuviste hicieron tuvo tuvieron

VERY IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS You are responsible to learn the meanings and conjugations of the following: NONE OF THE FOLLOWING HAVE ACCENTS! querer=to want/to try* quise quisimos quisiste quiso poder=can/be able to/succeeded* pude pudimos pudiste quisieron pudo pudieron *Some verbs change meaning in the Preterite, please make note!

VERY IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS You are responsible to learn the meanings and conjugations of the following: NONE OF THE FOLLOWING HAVE ACCENTS! saber= to know facts/found out* supe supimos supiste supo supieron *Some verbs change meaning in the Preterite, please make note!

VERY IRREGULAR PRETERITE VERBS THAT CHANGE MEANING IN THE PRETERITE

PRETERITE-CHANGE OF MEANING VERBS Let’s take a step back to go forward! FLASHBACK Conjugate each of the following into PRESENT TENSE: conocer poder querer saber sentir

PRETERITE-CHANGE OF MEANING VERBS So, each time you used the verb, affirmatively or negatively, in the Present Tense, they would mean: Ex. Yo quiero mucha tarea. homework. I want a lot of Ex. Ella no quiere helado. She doesn’t want ice cream. Ex. Mateo no conoce a Miguel. Ex. Uds. sienten felices. Ex. Miguel doesn’t know Ex. You-all feel happy.

PRETERITE-CHANGE OF MEANING VERBS In turn, if you use certain verbs in the PRETERITE TENSE the meaning changes…BE AWARE! Ex. Yo quise la tarea. I tried the homework. Ex. Ella no quiso comer helado. She refused to eat the ice cream. Ex. Mateo conoció a Miguel. Ex. Miguel met Miguel. Ex. Uds. no sintieron viajar a Italia. Ex. You–all regretted traveling to Italy.

PRETERITE-CHANGE OF MEANING VERBS Some verbs when used in the Preterite change meaning. You must learn the following: Present Tense Preterite Tense conocer=to know (people) met no conocer=do not know did not meet poder=to be able to/can to no poder=to not be able/can’t querer=to want no querer=to not want succeeded/managed failed tried refused

PRETERITE-CHANGE OF MEANING VERBS Some verbs when used in the Preterite change meaning. You must learn the following: Present Tense Preterite Tense saber=to know (facts) found out/learned about no saber=do not know did not find out sentir=to feel no sentir=to not feel felt regretted

PRETERITE-CHANGE OF MEANING VERBS For the next test, you must know both the PRESENT Tense AND PRETERITE Tense conjugations AND meanings of all verbs presented today. DO NOT WAIT START STUDYING DAILY!!!

VERY IRREGULAR VERBS PRETERITE MEANING CHANGE IN THE PRETERITE: MORE EXAMPLES… PRESENT TENSE MEANING PRETERITE TENSE 1) querer= to want 2) poder=can/be able to 3) saber=to know (facts) 1) querer=to try 2)poder=to succeed 3)saber= to find out Ex. Yo sé la verdad. (I know the truth. ) Ex. Yo supe la verdad. (I found out the truth. ) Ex. Ella quiere la tarea. (She wants the homework. ) Ex. Ella quiso la tarea. (She tried the homework. ) Ex. Ellos pueden trabajar. Ex. Ellos pudieron trabajar.