ENGLISH COLONIES IN AMERICA Spanish in America Settled

ENGLISH COLONIES IN AMERICA

Spanish in America � � Settled in Florida, Texas area, and Mexico. Settled in Central America and South America. Found gold. Wanted to bring the Catholic faith.

English in America � � Wanted settlements in the New World Wanted to find gold like the Spanish. Tried several times unsuccessfully. Tried to settle on Roanoke Island.

Roanoke “The Lost Colony” � � � � Tried to settle on Roanoke again. John White was leader of the colony. Men, women, and children. White left for England to get supplies. Took 3 years to return. Colonists had disappeared. Found CRO carved on a tree.

What happened to Roanoke? � � No one knows for sure what happened to the colonists. Did they go and live with the nearby Croatoan Indians? Were they killed? Did they try to sail away themselves?

The Jamestown Colony � � 1606, English merchants began the Virginia Company of London. Wanted to build a settlement in North America. Received a charter from the king. To get money for ships and supplies, they had people invest in the company.

Jamestown � � � 1607, about 100 men and boys traveled to Virginia. Built a fort on the banks of the river. Named for King James I.

Problems for Jamestown � � � � The land was swampy. Poor drinking water. Insects carried diseases. Most of the men were gentlemen who did not know how to farm and hunt. Wanted to hunt for gold instead of working. Ran out of food. Many died from disease and starvation.

What saved Jamestown? � � � John Smith took command of the settlement. He ordered people to work. “He who does not work, will not eat. ” Life was still hard. Smith went back to England. That winter was known as the “starving time. ”

Jamestown Succeeds � � John Rolfe learned from the Indians about tobacco. Tobacco became a cash crop. Tobacco gave the colony income to buy needed items. First indentured servants helped and later slaves.

Jamestown and the Powhatans � � � � Lived in the area. Traded with and helped colonists. The English did not treat the Powhatans well. Often there was fighting. Stories tell that the chief’s daughter, Pocahontas, saved John Smith’s life. She later married John Rolfe. There was peace for a while.

Religion and New England Settlements � � � Church of England Some people had different beliefs and separated from the church. Separatists One group, the Pilgrims, wanted religious freedom. Moved to the Netherlands.

Pilgrims � � � Pilgrims wanted to leave the Netherlands. Virginia Company agreed to let the Pilgrims start a colony in Virginia. 1602, about 100 men, women, and children set sail on the Mayflower. Fierce storms pushed the ship off course. Landed on the coast of Massachusetts.

Mayflower Compact � � � Because they did not land in Virginia, they would not be governed by the Virginia Company. The passengers created their own plan for government. Called the plan the Mayflower Compact.

Plymouth � � � Colony was named Plymouth after a town in England. The settlers had a hard time at first Landed in November. Too late to plant crops. Not enough food. About half of the Pilgrims died that winter.

How Plymouth Survived � � � Squanto helped the Pilgrims. Showed them how to plant corn and fertilize with little fish. Introduced the Pilgrims to Massasoit, the leader of the Wampanoag. William Bradford, governor, agreed to live in peace. The colony became more successful.

Thanksgiving � � � Pilgrims learned to hunt and fish. Supplies arrived from England. Fall of 1621 Pilgrims decided to have a feast to thank God. 50 Pilgrims and 90 Wampanoags celebrated. Feast lasted 3 days.

The Puritans � � � The Puritans were another group unhappy with the Church of England. Did not want to separate, but to make their church more pure. John Winthrop- governor Better prepared than Pilgrims. Sailed in March to allow time for planting. Large group of people with many skills.

Massachusetts Bay Colony � � � 1630 Named after the Massachuset Indians. Present-day Boston. Very successful. Many more Puritans came from England.

AREA BECAME KNOW AS NEW ENGLAND