The English Colonies in America The Thirteen Colonies
- Slides: 18
The English Colonies in America The Thirteen Colonies
New England Colonies � Colonists came for religious freedom � Farming was difficult because of long, cold winters and rocky soil � Economy – subsistence farming, lumbering, shipbuilding, fishing, and trade
New England Colonies � Massachusetts ◦ Pilgrims – 1620 – landed at Plymouth ◦ Half died of malnutrition, disease, and cold
Massachusetts � Mayflower Compact – a document that provided law and order for the Pilgrims – self -government
Massachusetts � Puritans – wanted to purify the church – based on the rules of the Bible � Everyone attended church by law – society emphasized duty, godliness, hard work, and honesty
Rhode Island � Roger Williams chose to worship God in his own way � Created own colony based on freedom for everyone but slaves
Connecticut � Thomas Hooker – left Massachusetts for more freedom � Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – first written plan of government
New Hampshire � Puritans settled the area
The Middle Colonies � Rich soil, wooded mountains, water � Colonists were many cultures and religions � Economy – cash crops, lumbering, and shipbuilding
New York � Taken from the Dutch by the Duke of York � Diverse group of colonists and religions
New Jersey � Ethnic and religious diversity
Pennsylvania � William Penn – founder, Quaker � Quakers – believed all men are created equal � Philadelphia – city of brotherly love
Delaware � Diverse religions and cultures
The Southern Colonies � Wealthy colonists created plantations – slaves � Hot, wet climate, rich soil, rivers, wetlands � Economy – cash crops – tobacco, rice, indigo
Maryland � Founded Catholics by Lord Baltimore � Religious freedom for all Christians � Act of toleration – law that granted freedom of religion
Virginia � Jamestown – 1607 – first successful English settlement � Tobacco � House of Burgesses – first representative gov’t � Slavery
North and South Carolina � Wealthy � Slavery � Crops owners – indigo and rice
Georgia � James Oglethorpe � Safe place for debtors � Religious freedom – even for Jews � Buffer state against Spanish Florida
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