The English Colonies in America The Thirteen Colonies

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The English Colonies in America The Thirteen Colonies

The English Colonies in America The Thirteen Colonies

New England Colonies � Colonists came for religious freedom � Farming was difficult because

New England Colonies � Colonists came for religious freedom � Farming was difficult because of long, cold winters and rocky soil � Economy – subsistence farming, lumbering, shipbuilding, fishing, and trade

New England Colonies � Massachusetts ◦ Pilgrims – 1620 – landed at Plymouth ◦

New England Colonies � Massachusetts ◦ Pilgrims – 1620 – landed at Plymouth ◦ Half died of malnutrition, disease, and cold

Massachusetts � Mayflower Compact – a document that provided law and order for the

Massachusetts � Mayflower Compact – a document that provided law and order for the Pilgrims – self -government

Massachusetts � Puritans – wanted to purify the church – based on the rules

Massachusetts � Puritans – wanted to purify the church – based on the rules of the Bible � Everyone attended church by law – society emphasized duty, godliness, hard work, and honesty

Rhode Island � Roger Williams chose to worship God in his own way �

Rhode Island � Roger Williams chose to worship God in his own way � Created own colony based on freedom for everyone but slaves

Connecticut � Thomas Hooker – left Massachusetts for more freedom � Fundamental Orders of

Connecticut � Thomas Hooker – left Massachusetts for more freedom � Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – first written plan of government

New Hampshire � Puritans settled the area

New Hampshire � Puritans settled the area

The Middle Colonies � Rich soil, wooded mountains, water � Colonists were many cultures

The Middle Colonies � Rich soil, wooded mountains, water � Colonists were many cultures and religions � Economy – cash crops, lumbering, and shipbuilding

New York � Taken from the Dutch by the Duke of York � Diverse

New York � Taken from the Dutch by the Duke of York � Diverse group of colonists and religions

New Jersey � Ethnic and religious diversity

New Jersey � Ethnic and religious diversity

Pennsylvania � William Penn – founder, Quaker � Quakers – believed all men are

Pennsylvania � William Penn – founder, Quaker � Quakers – believed all men are created equal � Philadelphia – city of brotherly love

Delaware � Diverse religions and cultures

Delaware � Diverse religions and cultures

The Southern Colonies � Wealthy colonists created plantations – slaves � Hot, wet climate,

The Southern Colonies � Wealthy colonists created plantations – slaves � Hot, wet climate, rich soil, rivers, wetlands � Economy – cash crops – tobacco, rice, indigo

Maryland � Founded Catholics by Lord Baltimore � Religious freedom for all Christians �

Maryland � Founded Catholics by Lord Baltimore � Religious freedom for all Christians � Act of toleration – law that granted freedom of religion

Virginia � Jamestown – 1607 – first successful English settlement � Tobacco � House

Virginia � Jamestown – 1607 – first successful English settlement � Tobacco � House of Burgesses – first representative gov’t � Slavery

North and South Carolina � Wealthy � Slavery � Crops owners – indigo and

North and South Carolina � Wealthy � Slavery � Crops owners – indigo and rice

Georgia � James Oglethorpe � Safe place for debtors � Religious freedom – even

Georgia � James Oglethorpe � Safe place for debtors � Religious freedom – even for Jews � Buffer state against Spanish Florida