Colonies New England Middle Colonies Southern Colonies 13

Colonies New England Middle Colonies Southern Colonies

13 Colonies Vocabulary � Puritan- a religious group not trying to separate from the Church of England, but making religious practice pure. � Common- an open area where sheep and cattle graze; village green. � Specialize- to work at one kind of job and do it well.

� Charter-an official paper in which certain rights are given by a government to a person or business. � Town meeting public office- an assembly in the New England colonies in which male landowners could take part in government. Vocabulary

� Industry- all the businesses that make one kind of product or provide one kind of service. � Export- a product that leaves a country. � Import- a product brought into a country. � Triangular trade route- a shipping route that linked England, the English colonies in North America, and the west coast of Africa, forming an imaginary triangle in the Atlantic Ocean. � Naval store- a product that is used to build and repair a ship. Vocabulary

�Brainpop video and quiz Introduction to the 13 Colonies

�Explain reasons for colonization of America �Define characteristics of each colony �Describe new economies of each colony �Identify contributions of key individuals Objectives for the New England Colonies.

New England Colonies

� The United States began with the 13 colonies along the Atlantic coast of North America. ◦ Most colonies were founded in the early 1600’s to the 1700’s. ◦ The first colonists, colonists people coming from another country, were people from Spain in the 1500’s. They founded colonies in Mexico. ◦ The first permanent colony in what is now the U. S. from England was the Jamestown Colony in Virginia in 1607. ◦ Captain John Smith was a strong leader for the colonists, but one day he was captured by the Powhatan tribe. ◦ Pocahontas was the chief’s daughter. She saved John Smith’s life by stopping her father from killing him. Early United States

� Many early colonists left Europe in search of religious freedoms, desire for land, $$$ opportunity and in hopes of a new life. � New England settlers first began with Pilgrims, Pilgrims a person who makes a journey for religious reasons, in the Plymouth colony in what is now Massachusetts. ◦ The first Thanksgiving P. 168. � Later came the Puritans, a religious group that wanted to make their religious practices more pure, in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. � New Englanders made a living by farming, fishing, hunting whales, or building ships. � New England colonies were Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. New England

� Know the location of the 13 colonies and where they are located. This will be on the final test. � Color code the 13 colonies and keep as a study guide in your Social Studies folder. � The Mayflower Compact was an agreement signed by the Pilgrims to have “just and equal laws” that would be for the common good of the people for the colony. Take a look at page 167. � Write your own compact that is for your class. Put this in your output page. �What rules would you like to see your classmates follow? �Make a list of the rules and explain how this compact will benefit your classmates in a paragraph. . Activities

“ The Fields, most beautiful, yield such Crops of Wheat, And other things most excellent to eat. ” - Richard Frame, A Short Description of Pennsylvania, 1692 The Middle Colonies

�Middle Colonies included: New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware. �The Dutch were the first settlers into the Middle Colonies. They were from the Netherlands and Sweden. �They welcomed people from other countries, however Jews were not allowed to work certain jobs or freely practice religion. �English settlers arrived later The Middle Colonies

◦ King Charles II of England declared war against the Dutch, but the Dutch refused to fight and gave up their land. ◦ New Netherland was split into present-day New Jersey and New York in 1664. New Netherland Becomes New York

� Land was sold at a low cost and the Quakers, Quakers a religious group, were the first to start a colony in New Jersey. � William Penn was the proprietor, proprietor or owner, of what is now Pennsylvania and Delaware. � Philadelphia, Pennsylvania had many diverse, diverse or different, backgrounds. � The General Assembly provided a legislature, which was a group of people that make laws for the colony. New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware

� The Great Awakening, Awakening a movement that called for a rebirth of religious ways of life, spread through the English colonies during the 1730’s and 1740’s. �New York and Philadelphia were the largest cities in the colonies. �Port cities were important centers of trade and manufacturing. The Middle Colonies

�In the output page you will be completing a worksheet called, “Excerpt from A Short Description of Pennsylvania” �This is a document from a DBQ. �Analyze the information and the quote. �Answer all three questions in complete sentences. Activity

“Heaven and earth never agreed to frame a better place for man’s habitation. ” - John Smith, on Chesapeake Bay, 1607 Southern Colonies

�Southern Colonies include: Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. ◦ The first Southern colonists were wealthy Englishman. ◦ They started large one-crop farms called plantations ◦ Later Germans, Scots, and Scots-Irish have smaller farms farther inland. �Colonists had many hard choices to make ◦ Colonists had to decide to leave for the new world or stay with their family. (This is opportunity cost. ) cost �Many young people at this time wanted a better life. Southern Colonies

�Let’s say I LOVE to watch the Ellen Showbut Mrs. Byrne invited me to a party. If I choose to watch Ellen- I am giving up the party… If I choose the party… I am giving up Ellen. Example of Opportunity Cost

� These colonies relied heavily on agriculture. ◦ Plantation crops included tobacco, rice, and indigo, a blue dye. ◦ Indentured servants agreed to work there. They are people who agree to work for another person without pay for a certain length of time in exchange for passage to North America. ◦ Slaves were not granted freedom like the indentured servants. They made up 40% of the population. � Coastal port cities were busy with ships bringing slaves over and leaving with cotton, tobacco, and other crops. � The ships went through the triangular trade route, and profits began to rise as they continued to do well with their crops. Profit was made through…

�Virginia becomes the largest English colony in North America by 1700. �In 1712, Carolina was split into North Carolina and South Carolina due to their population growth. 1/3 of the original Carolina was not settled. �The 1/3 that was not settled in the Carolinas became Georgia. Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia

�The following people were important to the colonization of America. ◦ John Smith – English explorer and leader of the Jamestown settlement that saved its people from starvation. ◦ William Penn – Proprietor of Pennsylvania through a charter from King Charles II ◦ Roger Williams – Forced to leave Massachusetts and was the Founder of Providence. ◦ Anne Hutchinson – Left Massachusetts because of her religious beliefs. She helped settle Rhode Island Colony. ◦ James Oglethrope – Englishman who was given a charter to settle Georgia. Important People through the settlement of the 13 Colonies

�In the output page you will be completing a worksheet called, “Illustration of a Southern Plantation. ” �This is a document from a DBQ. �Read the beginning paragraph and analyze the illustration. �Answer the two questions in complete sentences. Activity

� 13 Colonies Map – know the separation of the colonies �Vocabulary words �New England Colonies – Pilgrims, Puritans, first permanent Colony �Middle Colonies – first settlers, New Netherland, William Penn, Port cities �Southern Colonies – Plantation crops, difference between indentured servants and slaves, largest English Colony, 1/3 of the Carolinas became Georgia Test Review – You need a clean sheet of paper and a pencil.

�Brainpop video and quiz Final look at the 13 Colonies