European Nations Settle North America Mr Barchetto Notes

European Nations Settle North America Mr. Barchetto Notes #3

What European countries do you see in North America? (besides Spain) Why do you think they are not further south? European movement v

n French settle Quebec (1608) & Montreal (1642) and what would become Canada n Control St. Lawrence River & access to interior of North America n Develop a fur trade n By 1682 also control Mississippi River

Explorers Sailing For France n Jacques Cartier - France - Reached St. Lawrence River - Claimed Eastern Canada for France – 1535 n Samuel de Champlain - France - “Father of New France” - Established Quebec (the 1 st permanent French colony in N. America) Established settlements and explored Maine, Montreal & Nova Scotia – 1608 n Jacques Marquette & Louis Joliet - France Were the first Europeans to travel the Mississippi River— 1673 n Sieur de La Salle - France –wound his way down the Mississippi, claiming the entire Mississippi watershed in the name of France. Two years later, French king Louis XIV supplied La. Salle with ships and colonists to return to the mouth of the

European Colonization n Like the French, the Dutch focused on the fur trade Sent only a few men to settlements n Found Albany (New York, 1614) on Hudson River n New Netherland (becomes New York) is an extension of the Dutch global trade system Dutch & French form alliances with Native Americans—increase warfare.

Explorers Sailing For The Netherlands n Henry Hudson - English sailing for the Dutch Searching for Northwest Passage - Claimed Hudson River - Settlers established New Netherlands (New York) 1609

n Jamestown – 1607 n n Hudson Bay— 1610 n n Year after sailing for Dutch Henry Hudson explores the Hudson Bay in Canada James, Duke of York – 1664 n n 70% death rate Gold? Tobacco 1 st permanent settlement ousts Dutch (New York) English colonists n 1. 3 M by 1750

Explorers Sailing For The English n Henry Hudson – English claims Hudson Bay in Canada— 1510 n Sir Walter Raleigh – English establishes Roanoke. England’s First Attempt in America leads to Failure— 1585 n John Smith–English was one of 105 settlers who sailed from England on December 19, 1606, and landed in Virginia on April 26, 1607. Settlers established Jamestown on May 24, 1607; it became the first permanent English settlement in North America— 1607

explorers

EUROPEAN North American Claims in 1750 What could you infer (guess) about the proximity of both the French and British land holdings in 1770?

Competition in North America Heats Up… n Seven Years’ War 1756 n n n French and Indian War 1754 -1763 n n Competing Powers: Britain and France Clashed all over the world In the middle of the 18 th century, France and England had competing claims for land in North America. The French held trapping and trade routes in the Ohio Valley. The English colonies were encroaching on French territory as the population grew. They also competed over trade issues with the Native Americans in the disputed region. Treaty of Paris 1763 ended the world wide war n n Gave British dominance in North America France’s domination in Canada and land west of the Mississippi was lost. n Rather see the British take over their land west of the Mississippi France

THE WORLD BY 1770