EE 1301 Intro to Computing Systems The students

EE 1301: Intro. to Computing Systems The students will learn the fundamentals of computer science including: • • • Browsing the “World Wide Web” with Microsoft Explorer™ File management Microsoft Windows Operating System™ Writing documents with Microsoft Word™ Preparing presentations with Microsoft Powerpoint™ Operating on spreadsheets with Microsoft Excel™ Reading and composing electronic mail, “e-mail, ” with Microsoft Outlook™

EE 1301: Intro. to Computing Systems CIS 106: Intro. to Computer Science at Pasadena City College

Concepts vs. Jargon “Now this end is called the thagomizer, after the late Thag Simmons. ”

Vertical Slice of Computer Engineering • Quantum Physics (what’s an atom? ) • Material Science (why does doped silicon behave as a semiconductor? ) • Device Physics (how does a transistor work? ) • Circuits (how do we put transistors together to get simple logic functions? ) • Logic Design (how do we get complicated logic functions from simpler ones? ) • Computer Architecture (how do we build a computer from logic functions? ) • Assembly Programming (how do we specify tasks in the form of instructions for the computer? ) • High-Level Programming (how do we specify tasks in a form that can be translated into instructions for the computer? )

Vertical Slice of Computer Engineering • Quantum Physics (what’s an atom? ) • Material Science (why does doped silicon behave as a semiconductor? ) • Device Physics (how does a transistor work? ) • Circuits (how do we put transistors together to get simple logic functions? ) • Logic Design (how do we get complicated logic functions from simpler ones? ) • Computer Architecture EE 1301 (how do we build a computer from logic functions? ) • Assembly Programming (how do we specify tasks in the form of instructions for the computer? ) • High-Level Programming (how do CS we 1901 specify tasks in a form that can & CS 1902 be translated into instructions for the computer? )

Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic. – Arthur C. Clarke No Hamsters, No Magic

Examples of Computing Systems Are all these systems “equivalent”?

Building Digital Circuits Intel 4004 (1971) ~2000 gates Intel “Nehalem” (2008) ~2 billion gates

Boxes inside Boxes [inside boxes…] 1 transistor (1960’s) 2000 transistors 2 billion transistors (Intel 4004, 1971) (Intel Chip, 2013)

Integrated Circuits inputs 0 1 1 0 0 outputs circuit 1 0 1 1 What do integrated circuits do? • accept zeros and ones as inputs; • produce zeros and ones as outputs.

Integrated Circuits inputs 0 1 1 0 0 outputs circuit 1 0 1 1 Why do we want this? • zeros and ones represent information; • circuit performs computation.

Integrated Circuits inputs 0 1 1 0 0 outputs circuit 1 0 1 1 How do we build (design) such circuits? • hierarchically, from components.

All (or mostly) About “Bits” 0 1 zero one false true off on open not asserted not set closed asserted set … …

Truth Tables Example x 1 x 2 x 3 f 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 m variables 2 variables 3 variables 64 variables 2 m rows 4 rows 8 rows 264 rows

Logic Gates Common Gate: “AND” gate 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1

Logic Gates Common Gate: “OR” gate 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

Logic Gates Common Gate: “NAND” gate 0 0 1 1 0

Logic Gates Common Gate: “NOR” gate 0 0 1 1 0 0 0

Logic Gates Common Gate: “XOR” gate 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0

A Computing System…

Technology and Society

Astonishing Hypothesis “A person's mental activities are entirely due to the behavior of nerve cells, glial cells, and the atoms, ions, and molecules that make them up and influence them. ” – Francis Crick, 1982 The Astonishing Part: “That the astonishing hypothesis is astonishing. ” – Christophe Koch, 1995

Domains of Expertise • • Vision Language Abstract Reasoning Farming Circuit Human • Number Crunching • Mining Data • Iterative Calculations

Language as a Window into the way the Brain Works Steven Pinker, Harvard

Circuits & Computers as a Window into our Linguistic Brains Brain Conceives of circuits and computation by “applying” language. Circuit ? Lousy at all the tasks that the brain that designed it is good at (including language).