Autonomous Vehicles in Canada Wendy Doyle Executive Director

Autonomous Vehicles in Canada Wendy Doyle, Executive Director Alberta Transportation Co-Chair CCMTA Autonomous Vehicles Working Group

Overview • What are autonomous vehicles, automated vehicles and connected vehicles • What work is underway in Canada specific to AVs • What is the scope of this work? • When is it expected to be completed? • What’s next? • Q&A

*Disclaimer • Not an authority on all-things AV or CV related • Not an engineer • Not an SME • Providing a snapshot of what’s happening across the country currently

Defining the Technology

Common Definitions Automated Vehicles* A vehicle that can be operated either conventionally by a natural person or be controlled without human input under certain conditions.

Current Examples Automated Technology • Adaptive cruise control • Lane departure warning and lane keeping assistance / lane centering • Forward collision warning and collision avoidance breaking • Parking assistance systems • Traffic Jam Assist • Etc.

Common Definitions Autonomous Vehicles* A vehicle that is capable of being operated or driven without actual physical control by a natural person sitting in the vehicle’s driver seat. An autonomous vehicle is operating or driving in autonomous mode when it is operated or driven with the autonomous technology engaged.

Current Examples Autonomous Technology

Common Definitions Driver* A driver is a person (human being) who is seated in the driver’s seat and is in actual physical control of a vehicle. If the vehicle is in autonomous mode, the driver is capable of taking over actual physical control of the vehicle at any time.

Common Definitions Operator* An operator is the person (human being) who has direct control over the operation of an autonomous vehicle and is either seated in the driver’s seat, or is an occupant of the vehicle, or is located outside of the vehicle.

Common Definitions Connected Vehicles* Connected Vehicle systems are a new category of advanced transportation technology combining information and communications technologies, sensors and positioning with in-vehicle and roadside technology to create “thinking machines”. - V 2 V, V 2 I, V 2 X

Current Examples Connected Vehicles

Examples of Current Technology VW Audi

Examples of Current Technology Google

Examples of Current Technology Google

Connected Vehicle Test Bed ACTIVE-AURORA • $3. 7 million joint infrastructure project between the University of Alberta (Uof. A) and the University of British Columbia (UBC). • Uof. A is the primary funding recipient and, as such, is ultimately responsible for successfully deploying all project deliverables.

Connected Vehicle Test Bed Comprised of: • Two learning centres and affiliated laboratory test beds: one at Uof. A, and one at UBC; and • Three on-road CV testbeds: two in Edmonton and one in Vancouver. • Anthony Henday Drive, Whitemud Drive and Yellowhead Trail. • UBC campus will form the Vancouver test bed.

Levels of Automation

Common Definitions Levels of Automation (SAE)

Common Definitions Levels of Automation (NHTSA)

American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators Working Groups

AV Working Groups (US) AAMVA Autonomous Vehicle Best Practices WG To create a best practices guide for jurisdictions to regulate the testing of autonomous vehicles. • 16 jurisdictional members (drivers, vehicles, law enforcement, legal and IT) • 2 CAN members (BC and AB) • AAMVA & NHTSA representatives

AV Working Groups (US) AAMVA Autonomous Vehicle BPWG areas of work • Info sharing group initially developed • Analyze issues across the US • Track emerging issues and technology • Analyze issues and make recommendations to NHTSA to build the best practices guide

AV Working Groups (US) AAMVA Autonomous Vehicle BPWG timelines • • Conference calls – monthly In-person meetings – twice annually Draft guidelines – Spring 2016 Final guidelines – Fall 2016

Canadian Council of Motor Transport Administrators Working Group

AV Working Group (CAN) CCMTA Autonomous Vehicles WG This group was created to assist the jurisdictional membership of CCMTA in developing a proactive strategy with respect to autonomous vehicles. • BC, AB, ON, QC, NB and TC

AV Working Group (CAN) CCMTA Autonomous Vehicles WG areas of work • Information sharing • Level setting • • • Leadership CCMTA definitions Jurisdictional gap analysis Preparation and readiness Best practices

AV Working Groups (CAN) CCMTA Autonomous Vehicles WG timelines • Conference calls – Monthly • AV Workshop – Fall 2015 • Final work plan – June 2016 • Board approval • Final AAMVA guidelines – Fall 2016 • Review for Canadian implications • Adopt/Revise accordingly to ensure reciprocity

Testing Legislation

Jurisdictional Review U. S. jurisdictions with testing legislation

Jurisdictional Review CAN jurisdictions with testing legislation ON

Why Testing Legislation? Establishes safety expectations • • • Driver/Operator Equipment Data Reporting Locations Restrictions Protects liability of jurisdictions

Implications to Jurisdictions

Policy Implications • Application/Permit for Manufacturers to Test Vehicles on Public Roadways • Vehicle Registration, License Plates • Titling and Branding • Branding Aftermarket Vehicles • Financial Responsibility • System Monitoring / Cyber Security • Driver Licensing Considerations • Driver Training, Testing, Endorsements and Restrictions • Operator vs. Driver

Enforcement Implications • • Driver Training, Testing, Endorsements and Restrictions Operator vs. Driver Vehicle Identification Rules of the Road • Distracted Driving • Enforcement/Penalties • Road Restrictions Crash and Incident Report Criminal Activities First Responder Safety • Law Enforcement and First Responder Training • Manual Traffic Control Response to Emergency Vehicles System Misuse and Abuse/ Cyber Security

Unknown Implications • Greening cities • Reducing fatalities and serious injuries • Stifling innovation through regulating • What’s next? • ?

Testing versus deployment

Canadian Survey on AVs • 70. 2 % of respondents had heard of AVs • 79. 6% of male and 62. 3% of female respondents participated in the survey • 31. 8% of respondents who had heard of AVs were neutral (31%) or had a somewhat positive (26%) opinion about self-driving cars. • 59% of respondents think that Canada should have their own program to test driverless cars on Canadian streets

Canadian Survey on AVs • 66% of respondents consider safety as a concern • More than 40% of respondents have plans to purchase some type of vehicle within the next six years • 74% of women and 56% of male respondents think safety is a very important factor when purchasing new vehicle • ⅓ of all respondents will more likely look at purchasing a self-driving vehicle within the next 6 years if safety concerns would be resolved.

What’s Next?

Examples of Concept Technology Mercedes

Examples of Concept Technology Mercedes

Questions?

Thank you Wendy Doyle Wendy. Doyle@gov. ab. ca 780 -427 -6588