WWII 1939 1945 June 28 1919 Treaty of

WWII 1939 -1945

June 28, 1919 Treaty of Versailles Signed

1931 Japan Invades Manchuria • Imperialism • Need for Raw Materials • Foot-Hold in Asia

Nazi Party Election Results • • Date May 1924 Votes 1, 918, 00 Percentage Seats in Reichstag 6. 5 32 Background Hitler in prison • December 1924 907, 300 3. 0 14 Hitler is released • May 1928 810, 100 2. 6 12 • September 1930 6, 409, 600 18. 3 107 financial crisis • July 1932 13, 745, 800 37. 4 230 After Hitler candidate for presidency • November 1932 11, 737, 000 33. 1 196 • March 1933 17, 277, 000/43. 9 288 During Hitler's term as Chancellor of Germany

Aug. 19, 1934 Hitler Becomes Fuher

Nazi Ideologies • • • Aryan Master Race Symbol – Swastika Totalitarianism Propaganda Censorship Single Party Dictatorship State Control of Economy Police Spies and State Terrorism Use of Schools & Media to Indoctrinate Unquestioning Obedience to Single Ruler

Aryan Master Race

Nazi Symbol • Swastika • Sanskrit • Used as NAZI symbol since 1919 • Hitler Made it the Official Flag of Germany in 1935

Joseph Goebbels • Minister of Public Enlightenment (Propaganda) • Promote Nazi Ideas • Ph. D in Philosophy • Unfit for Military Service • “Poison Dwarf” • Degrade Jews & other “Sub Species”

Censorship – Book Burnings

Anti-Semitism

Sept. 15, 1935 Nuremburg Race Laws • • Jews in Germany stripped of Citizenship Jews must register with government Red “J” on ID card Laws saying “who or what a jew is”

Aug. 1, 1936 Berlin Hosts Olympics

Joe vs Max

1937 Japanese Invasion of China

Sept. 30, 1938 Munich Agreement – “Appeasement”

Nov. 9, 1938 Kristallnacht • Revenge – German Diplomat Killed by Jew in Paris • Hitler Instructed Goebbels to Plan a Retaliation Attack • Police were told to not get involved • Jews beaten, killed & deported

Jan. 30, 1939 Hitler Threatens Jews • "In the course of my life I have very often been a prophet, and have usually been ridiculed for it. During the time of my struggle for power it was in the first instance only the Jewish race that received my prophecies with laughter when I said that I would one day take over the leadership of the State, and with it that of the whole nation, and that I would then among other things settle the Jewish problem. Their laughter was uproarious, but I think that for some time now they have been laughing on the other side of their face. Today I will once more be a prophet: if the international Jewish financiers in and outside Europe should succeed in plunging the nations once more into a world war, then the result will not be the Bolshevizing of the earth, and thus the victory of Jewry, but the annihilation of the Jewish race in Europe!" • Adolf Hitler - January 30, 1939

Aug. 23, 1939 Non-Aggression Pact

Sept. 1, 1939 Germany Invades Poland (Blitzkrieg – Lightning War)

April 4, 1940 Hitler Invades Denmark and Norway

May 10, 1940 Nazis Invade Belgium, France, Lux. & Netherlands

June 14, 1940 Nazis Enter Paris

July 10, 1940 Battle of Britain

Sept. 27, 1940 Ger, Italy & Japan for AXIS

Jan. 23, 1941 Charles Lindbergh Urges Congress to Negotiate Neutrality with Hitler

Mar. 11, 1941 FDR Signs Lend-Lease

June 22, 1941 Operation Barbarossa

July 26, 1941 FDR freezes Japanese Assets in U. S. • Japanese Upset • Looks to Knock out Threat of U. S. Navy in Pacific • Begin Planning Attack on Pearl Harbor • Begin Planning Attack on British Possessions in SE Asia

July 31, 1941 Goring Instructs Heydrich to Prepare the “Final Solution”

Sept. 1, 1941 Jews forced to wear Yellow Star

Sept. 1, 1941 1 st Gas Chamber Used at Auschwitz

Dec. 7, 1941 Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor

Jan. 20, 1942 Wannsee Conf. Coordinate “Final Solution”

Feb 22, 1942 FDR orders Mac. Arthur out of Philippines • Defeat was Eminent • Fled to Australia • “I Shall Return”

April 3, 1942 Bataan Death March Begins

April 18, 1942 Doolittle’s Raid on Tokyo • Retaliate for P. H. • Let Japanese Know we are Able • Daring Attempt • 1 st Bomber to Takeoff of Carrier • Had to land in China

April 1942 Japanese Americans Sent to Internment Camps

Tuskegee Airmen • First Class Graduate • Spring 1942 • African-American Pilots • Overcome Adversity in the U. S. Military • Never lost a bomber

May 15, 1942 WAAC Created

May 8, 1942 Battle at Coral Sea • Neither Side’s Navy sees the other • Total Air Warfare • Japanese Tactical Victory • U. S. Strategic Victory • 1 U. S Carrier Sunk • 1 Japanese Carrier Sunk

June 4, 1942 Battle at Midway • • Admiral Nimitiz 1 st U. S. Victory Broke Japanese Code Sunk 4 Japanese Carriers

Battle of Midway

June 7, 1942 Japanese Invade Aleutian Islands

July 9, 1942 Anne Frank’s Family Goes Into Hiding

July 1, 1942 Battle of El Alamein • North Africa • Battle to Control Suez Canal • Allies – Monty • Germans – Erwin Rommel “Desert Fox” • Allies Eventually Win

Sept. 13, 1942 Battle of Stalingrad

Nov. 8, 1942 Operation Torch – Allied Invasion of NW Africa • Allied Attempt at Deflect War Away from Soviet Union • Dwight D. Eisenhower • French Vichy Retreated • Allies Push East to Meet Montgomery

Nov. 12, 1942 U. S. Invades Guadal. Canal • • Air, Sea, Land Battle U. S. wins by Feb. 7, 000 U. S. Killed 30, 000 Japanese Killed

Dec. 17, 1942 G. B. & U. S. Get Confirmation on Jews Mass Executed

Dec. 2, 1942 1 st Successful Nuclear Chain Reaction • Enrico Fermi • Chicago • “The Italian Navigator Has Landed in the New World”

Jan. 18 1943 Warsaw Uprising

Mar. 24, 1943 Mengele Dr. at Auschwitz • Perform Crude and Cruel Experiments on Prisoners • Mostly on Twins

Nov. 28, 1943 FDR, Stalin, Churchill Meet in Tehran • Discuss War Strategy • Western Europe Invasion

Dec. 24, 1943 Ike In Charge • Dwight D. Eisenhower named Allied Supreme Commander in Europe

Feb. 2, 1943 Germans Surrender at Stalingrad • 1 st Big Defeat for the Germans • Bad Winter • Unprepared • 75, 000 POWS

Jan. 10, 1944 Allies Invade Sicily • Patton leads Allies Into Europe • Sicily less fortified and defended compared to France • Nick Name “Blood & Guts” • Controversial

Jan. 27, 1944 Siege at Leningrad Over • 900 Day Siege over • 1, 000 People Starved to Death

May 15, 1944 Germans W/D to Hitler Line

June 5, 1944 Rome Falls to Allies • 1 st European Capital to fall to the Allies

Where to Attack?

Planning by the Numbers

June 6, 1944 D-Day • Allied Invasion of Normandy, FR • Operation Overlord • Largest Amphibious Landing in History • Ike Allied Supreme Commander

June 13, 1944 Germans use V-1 Rockets • • • Long Range Fast Somewhat Accurate Instilled Fear British Pilots Bomb Rocket Bases

Pacific Theatre – Island Hopping

June 15, 1944 U. S. Invades Saipan • Navajo Code Talkers Play Key Role in Victory

Aug. 4, 1944 Anne Frank Arrested • 2 years & 26 days in hiding • Died in Bergen Belsen C. C. • Only Otto Frank survived. • 10 million copies sold of Anne’s Diary

Aug. 25, 1944 Paris Liberated • Ike lets French enter city 1 st • Charles De. Gaulle – Hero’s Welcome

Sept. 13, 1944 Germans Fall Back to Seigfried Line

Oct. 23, 1944 Battle of Leyte Gulf • Largest Naval Battle in History

Oct. 30, 1944 Last Gas Chamber Used • Auschwitz

Dec. 13 -27, 1944 Battle of the Bulge • German Counter Offensive in Ardennes Forest • 101 st Airborne Surrounded • NUTS • Rescued by Patton

Dec. 27, 1944 Auschwitz Liberated

Feb. 4 -11, 1945 FDR, Stalin, Churchill Meet in Yalta • Discuss Strategy to End War with Germany • Discuss Post-War Plans

Feb. 13, 1945 Allies Firebomb Dresden • No Military Value • Trying to Break German’s Back • Cultural Center for Art

Feb. 19, 1945 U. S. Invades Iwo Jima Months of Artillery Shelling 11, 000 U. S. Casualties 18, 000 Japanese Casualties Famous Flag Raising

Mar. 9, 1945 U. S. Firebombs Japan • Over 100, 000 Die in Tokyo • Windy Night

April 1, 1945 U. S. Invades Okinawa Last Island that needed to be controlled. B 29 Superfortress Bombers could reach Japan from here Demonstrated Japanese deparation Kamikaze Bombings – suicide pilots Bloodiest battle

April 12, 1945 FDR Dies • Dies of a Stroke • Warm Springs, GA • Harry S. Truman becomes Pres.

April 21, 1945 Soviets Reach Berlin • Ike lets Soviets Reach first • Upset Patton • Ike’s Reasons – let Soviets suffer more casualties

April 28, 1945 Mussolini Captured

April 30, 1945 Hitler Commits Suicide • Dies with Eva Braun • Wants body burned beyond recognition Goebbels Poisons Children Shoots Wife in Head Shoots Self in Head

May 8, 1945 V-E Day • German Generals sign Unconditional Surrender

July 26, 1945 Churchill Replaced by Atlee • Conservatives defeat the Labour Party • Want Peace

Aug. 6, 1945 Hiroshima Bombed • Enola Gay drops “Little Boy” - Uranium • 135, 000 Die in Blast • Many more from radiation

Little Boy

A-Bomb Burn Victim

Aug. 9, 1945 Nagasaki Bombed • “Fat Man” • Plutonium • 75, 000

Nagasaki Before & After

Aug. 15, 1945 Japan Surrenders • Gen. Douglas Mac. Arthur Accepts Japanese Surrender • USS Missouri

Oct. 24, 1945 U. N. Created • • Allies Replaced League of Nations 50 Countries at First UNSC – 15 Members – Big 5 – U. S. , Russia, G. B, China, France • Veto Power – 10 others - rotates

Nov. 20, 1945 Nuremberg Trials Begin • Nazi Leaders Tried for “Crimes Against Humanity”

Oct. 16, 1946 Goring Commits Suicide • Hours before his scheduled execution • Swallows Cyanide