The Emergence of the U S in World

The Emergence of the U. S. in World Affairs Goal 6

Goal 6 ► The emergence of the United States in world affairs (1890 – 1914) – The learner will analyze causes and effects of the United States’ emergence as a world power.

Objective 6. 01 ► Identify the areas of the United States military, economic, and political involvement and influence.

Manifest Destiny ► Belief that God wanted American to expand to the West… ► and beyond.

► How far did U. S. influence extend? ► How far does U. S. influence extend today?

Imperialism ► The policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories. ► Taking colonies to form an empire

Imperialism (continued) ► The U. S. follows this path for 3 reasons § The need for resources and markets § Global competition § Closing of the frontier ►Census Bureau – 1890 – “The § Jeffersonian ideals fading? frontier is closed”

Fueling Imperialism ► Global competition ► Desire for military strength § Alfred Thayer Mahan ► Thirst for new markets

Global Competition ► European nations had been establishing overseas empires for years § Africa § China ►Spheres § Pacific § Caribbean of Influence

Alfred Thayer Mahan ► Served in U. S. Navy for nearly 40 years ► Became president of Naval War College ► Advocated military expansion ► Wrote The Influence of Sea Power upon History, 1660 – 1783

Alfred Thayer Mahan (continued) ► Called for a modern fleet capable of protecting American business and shipping interests around the world. ► Called for naval bases in the Caribbean, a canal across the isthmus of Panama, and the acquisition of Hawaii ► Theodore Roosevelt admired his book § Future implications?

Frederick Jackson Turner ► Historian ► Frontier Thesis: § Said America’s Western frontier made the U. S. democratic § All were equal on the frontier

Social Darwinism ► Herbert Spencer ► The idea that the fittest survive in the human population

“Anglo-Saxon Superiority” ► Belief that Anglo-Saxon way of life was “better” and more advanced than others ► How was this shown? § Treatment of African-Americans § Treatment of Native Americans § Treatment of immigrants § Treatment of people in colonies

Josiah Strong ► Wrote Our Country ► Said it was America’s duty to expand civilization based on Anglo-Saxon superiority § Excuse for annexation of Philippines – 1890 s

“White Man’s Burden” ► Belief that it was the white man’s job to “civilize” the rest of the world § Goes along with assimilation § Kipling poem

Mercantilism ► An economic system in which nations seek to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by establishing a favorable balance of trade ► Colonies make mother country richer

Spheres of Influence ► China – 1900 – European powers taking over zones of control in China. U. S. opposed it because it would limit America’s access to trade.