AP WORLD REVIEW VIDEO 4 THE EMERGENCE OF

AP WORLD REVIEW: VIDEO #4: THE EMERGENCE OF STATES AND NEW WEAPONS AND TRANSPORTATION (KEY CONCEPT 1. 3, II, A-C) EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE EMERGENCE OF STATES AND NEW WEAPONS AND TRANSPORTATION TO SUCCEED IN AP WORLD www. APWorld. Review. com

EMERGENCE OF STATES • What are states? • • Where did they first emerge? • • Mesopotamia and Nile River Valley Rulers often claimed to be divine/have divine support for power • • Civilizations with a single political government Often supported by the military, and religious and aristocratic elites Large populations and access to resources allowed states to expand conquer other areas

MESOPOTAMIA STATES • Mesopotamia geography left it susceptible to invasion • Mesopotamia consisted of citystates • • Uruk • Each city-state was led by a divine king Northern Mesopotamia eventually conquered Sumer in the South

MESOPOTAMIA STATES • Assyria conquered Mesopotamia • Created a bureaucratic empire over a large territory

NILE RIVER VALLEY STATES • Egypt geography made it harder to invade than Mesopotamia • Deserts, mountains, seas, etc. • Cities were not as important in Egypt as Mesopotamia • Egypt took over Nubia to the South for periods of time • Egyptian culture spread to Nubia

NEW WEAPONS • Pastoralists often developed and spread new weapons and technology • Weapons: • • Composite bow: • Stronger than traditional bows • Often combined with horses Iron weapons: • Stronger weapons allowed groups to conquer other areas

NEW TRANSPORTATION • Chariots: • • Used by the Hittites to sack Babylon in 1595 B. C. E. Horseback Riding: • Faster travel, more destructive warfare • • Especially when used with bows These new weapons and transportation revolutionized warfare

QUICK RECAP • What are states? • Why did they expand? • Where did they expand? • New weapons that revolutionized transportation and warfare

SEE YOU BACK HERE FOR VIDEO #5: ASPECTS OF EARLY CIVILIZATIONS • Thanks for watching • Best of luck!