Nashville Tennessee COUNTRY MUSIC HALL OF FAME MUSEUM

Nashville, Tennessee COUNTRY MUSIC HALL OF FAME & MUSEUM David L Clark II Pennsylvania State University Architectural design Structural Engineer Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum. . . a"A Bass Clef, . . . n d “A Bass Clef, . . a n O l d r Senior Project y a Cadillac fin, and… a Cadillac Fin, . . . an Old Country Church” - Seab Tuck III Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum The Architects Tuck-Hinton Architects Acknowledgments Tennessee Bicentennial Capitol Mall First Center for the Visual Arts Tennessee Aquarium IMAX Center Chattanooga Visitor Center Allen Bell Tower at Lipscomb University Tennessee World War II Memorial Cumberland Science Museum Addition Tennessee Carillon at the Bicentennial Mall 96 th Bell on Capitol Hill Senior Project Tuck & Hinton Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum The Architects Integrated All Of These and More Into The Building’s Form General stores Pickup Trucks Country churches Vintage cars Railroads Musical instruments Bridges Classic country songs Silos Prisons And anything that might have inspired musicians. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum A Paradigm Would Be The Front Facade Do You See A… Giant keyboard, a 1957 Chevy Tail Fin, Prison Bars, & A Bass Clef? Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Interior Of The Museum’s is inspired by country stores that feature large façades and signage but are really intimate spaces where people come to socialize and exchange information Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Conservatory’s heavy steel frame is inspired by the railroads and bridges that connected the small towns were country music came from. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Hall of fame’s cylindrical shape is based on the water towers that nourished steam engines and grain silos dotting rural landscapes. Four concentric circles represent the 78 -, 45 -, & 33 - RMP recordsand the compact disc creates the stair stepping roof. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Structural Depth Proposal Glued-Laminated Timber Architectural Redesign Construction Breadth Cost Comparison Lighting Breadth Day lighting with Skylights Mechanical Breadth Ice Thermal Storage System Architectural Breadth Glued-laminated Timber Architectural Redesign Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Structural Depth Proposal Glued-Laminated Timber Architectural Redesign Construction Breadth Cost Comparison Lighting Breadth Day lighting with Skylights Mechanical Breadth Ice Thermal Storage System Architectural Breadth Glued-laminated Timber Architectural Redesign Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum The interior design was inspired by country stores, and I believe a lot more can be done to achieve this. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum This is what I personally think of when the term country general store is mentioned. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum So How Can We Make This Look More Like A Country General Store? The most observant choice is the surround-ness of natural wood for it’s simple, rustic charm that provides a warm, downhome atmosphere and believe would recapture America’s earlier days. This will be our “prime directive”. And we have two constructible methods: 1) Enfolding all of the steel beams & columns with wood. 2) Or replace the steel structure with a wooden structure. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Alternative 1: Enfolding the steel with wood: This is not really desired because it presents a false sense of an honest structure. Alternative 2: Change the steel to wood: This illustrates the true veracity of the structure and is the preferential. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Alternative 1: Enfolding the steel with wood: This is not really desired because it presents a false sense of an honest structure. Alternative 2: Change the steel to wood: This illustrates the true veracity of the structure and is the preferential. So the motivation is to have an honest structure. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum So You Might Be Asking What Is An Honest Structure? Well an honest structure is… A structure that supports itself by its true identity. Case in point: An honest structure: Eiffel Tower (Supported by what you see). A non-honest structure: St. Louis Arch (The arch has no structural capabilities, it’s a post-tensioning concrete structure). Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum So How Much Steel To Replace With Wood? All of it? Could build the entire museum out of wood. This would be a true honest structure but would be expensive and have to consider cost. Besides we’re only looking for what you can see. Or Partial? Could only replace what is seen by visitors, this would be more cost minded and believed to be acceptable as an honest structure. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum And This Is The Choice We’re Going With All of it? Could build the entire museum out of wood. This would be a true honest structure but would be expensive and have to consider cost. Besides we’re only looking for aesthesis. Partial Could only replace what is seen by visitors, this would be more cost minded and believed to be acceptable as an honest structure. By the way, least cost is not an issue. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum What Part Of The Museum’s Structure is Seen? First floor are staff & mechanical areas. Second & third floors are visitor areas. Fourth floor are office spaces. The structure is open from the second floor to the roof. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum What Are We Replacing? Second floor frame will be left in it’s present condition and act as a fire barrier between the first and upper floors because of high combustible areas (i. e. the commercial kitchen on the first floor). Second floor will be accorded interior wood columns. Third & fourth floor will be accorded a wood floor frame and interior columns. The mono-sloped roof will be accorded heavy timber trusses. The exterior frame will be left in it’s present condition for very important reasons. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Those Reasons are? Lateral Least important, the exterior frame is the lateral system for the building, which isn’t necessary a problem with a wood frame. But more important, since we are building a 3 story wood frame on top of a 1 story steel frame, there needs to be connections for story shear transfer. This would require a very large connection to join the two materials. That’s why continuous columns are used with splices, which is what we have. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum So Here Is What We Are Doing We’re going to replace the upper core of the building with wood, leaving the entire exterior frame and first bay in its present condition for lateral stability and fire separation, respectively, and shelter the building with a heavy timber truss roof. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Before We Think About Designing With Wood We Need To Confirm With A Building Code First. Museum was designed under SBC 1994. And will be redesigned under IBC 2000. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum IBC 2000 Classified this as A-III (Assembly Museum), Type. IV (Heavy Timber) Construction (This is the worst case) Museum has : 4 -Stories (a height of 76’) 47, 700 SQ. FT. These figures exceed IBC 2000 Limitations For A-III, Type. IV Construction and is repudiated. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum But: Museum also has: Sprinklers & 20’ Perimeter Frontage These bonuses give an Extra Floor and the Additional SQ. FT needed. Which is now approved by IBC 2000 for A-III, Type-IV Construction and we have the green light. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Table 2. 1 Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum What Type Of Wood To Use For Redesign? Solid Sawn Lumber– Cheap but can only get them as big as you can find them out of tree with the fewest defects and straightness. Structural Composite Lumber (SCL): LVL – Has greatest stress ratings but consist of small strands and is ugly. LSL – Even smaller strands and even uglier. PSL – Same as LSL. OSL - Same as LSL. Box Beams & I-Beams – Not the desire wanted. Glulam – Has stress rating slightly lower than LVL but is aesthetically pleasing and can be obtained as big as you need them with limited control defects. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum What Type Of Wood To Use For Redesign? Solid Sawn Lumber – Cheap but can only get them as big as you can find them out of tree. Structural Composite Lumber: LVL – Has greatest stress ratings but is ugly. LSL – Even uglier. PSL – Same as LSL. OSL - Same as LSL. Box Beams & I-Beams – Doesn’t meet requirements. Glulam – Has stress rating slightly lower than LVL but is aesthetically pleasing and can be obtained as big as you need them with few defects. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Structural Depth Proposal Glued-Laminated Timber Architectural Redesign Construction breadth Cost Comparison Lighting Breadth Day lighting with Skylights Mechanical Breadth Ice Thermal Storage System Architectural Breadth Glued-laminated Timber Architectural Redesign Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum What Specifications of Glulam? Southern Pine because of geographic location (Nashville). Architectural appearance. Contract this out to Rigidply Rafters Inc, Lancaster, PA, because of locality for visitations. Combinations 24 F-V 3 & 24 F-V 5 (V 5 for stress reversals). Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum What is a “ 24 F-V 3” ? This is the designation for beams: F – Fiber Strength 24 – 2, 400 psi V –Visual Graded 3 - # of Layups Why are we using visual on critical load stressed members? We’re using visual graded because the manufacturer is standing behind their work and guarantee quality and this is an insult if you question them about it. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum About the Structure There are no typical bays. Although the redesign is straightforward, simple beam designs EXCEPT for 3 Locales: 3 rd Floor Corbelled Walkway Cantilevers 3 rd Floor Simple Span Girders with a 350 psf short term load 4 th Floor Simple Span Girders with 22’ Overhangs Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Building Section Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum rd 3 Floor Cantilever Six cantilevers, 21’ in length, spaced at 30’ with 100 psf live load. Can’t design “as is” with wood because of the required moment connection. This would require a hellacious wood connection. What are our alternatives to a cantilever? Could prop the free end of the cantilever with: — A column at the bottom — A tensed rod from the roof Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum But the cantilever is there for a purpose, it provides drama. So we would like to keep the integrity of the cantilever. What are other alternatives? How about a knee brace to remove the moment connection at the column? What about clearance? Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Well then, how about a curved knee brace? We can curve a Southern Pine glulam to a minimum radius of 18’. Floor to Floor height is 18’ so clearance seems okay. Will the knee brace be below the cantilever or to the side? We will have two knee braces, one on both sides to help reduce the knee brace size and also for symmetry, with the cantilever slotted in between. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum What about thickness? The steel column is W 40 x 199 with a flange width (bf) of 15. 8” What do we have in terms of thickness? We have a “ 3 -ply truss” – a Top Chord sandwiched between 2 Curved Knee Braces Top Chord will be design with a width of 5 -1/2”. Curved Knee Braces will be design with a width of 5”. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Fig 6. 1 Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum 3 rd Floor Girder w/ Extensive Short Term Load Space requires a 350 psf short term load for the library. 6 simple span girders, 50’ in length with a 5 -1/2” Overhang, spaced at 30’. Left support varies among the six girders. Alternatives — Keep the 30’ spacing — Or reduce the spacing to 15’ and try to conserve size Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum If spacing is maintain at 30’, size required is 14 -3/4”x 52 -1/4”. If spacing is reduce to 15’, size required is 12 -3/4”x 44”. But in addition to the 15’ spacing, we would also need: Additional columns or a transfer girder which adds even more material So spacing will be kept at 30’ and we will use a 14 -3/4”x 52 -1/4”. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Fig 6. 2 Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum If The Largest SP Width In The NDS Is 10 -1/2”, How Can We Specify A 14 -3/4” Width? NDS sizes restrains a naïve engineer from irregular or outsized sizes. The size of glulam both depth and width are actually governed by the machinery, particularly the planar, so sizes can be larger than NDS sizes. Rigidply Rafters can produce widths up to 14 -3/4” thick and ~ 76” deep. So you can design larger sizes than NDS sizes. The size limits are within the manufacturer, not the NDS. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum While on the Subject There are numerous combinations (ex 24 F-V 3) for glulam in the NDS specs. Out of all the combinations only a selected few are actually manufactured, some don’t even exist, they’re ideal. Rigidply Rafters manufactures only two combinations: 24 F-V 3 & 24 F-V 5 So you need to call the manufacturer to find out what combinations and sizes are available. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum 4 th Floor Girders w/ Extensive Overhang Space requires a 50 psf short term load, no concern. Simple span girder though has a 22’-6” overhang and are spaced at 30’. Left support varies among the six girders. Alternatives: 1. Keep the 30’ spacing. 2. Reduce the spacing to 15’ to try to conserve size, which we know doesn’t work 3. Knee Braces like 3 rd Floor Cantilever. 4. Use Fiberglass Reinforcement in the Glulam. 5. Support the overhang with a tension rod. 6. Flitch Girder. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum If spacing is maintain at 30’, size required is 14 -3/4”x 59 -1/8”. If spacing is reduce to 15’, size required is 12 -3/4 x 44”. But in addition, would need also need a transfer girder or additional columns for the 15’ spacing. Knee braces won’t work due to obstructions below. Fiberglass reinforcement will not work because of it’s low stiffness increase (10%). Supporting the free end won’t erase the load but instead transfer it to the roof increasing the truss sizes, which we don’t want. Flitch girder will not keep the integrity of the honest structure. So the decision is keep the spacing at 30’ and use a 14 -3/4”x 59 -1/8”. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum th 4 Floor Girder Fig 6. 3 Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Roof Frame The museum has 2 -1/2 : 12 mono-sloped roof. Framed with 48” open web joists. We will redesign with heavy timber truss and double sided gusset plates. The wood trusses will be spaced 30’ and up to 160’ long. Glulams will be needed again for strength and length capabilities. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Design A Warren web pattern was chosen. All of the webs are positioned to carry compression allowing the members to resist compression and not bolt shear. Member widths are 8 -1/2” & 10 -1/2” Member depths are 23 -3/8” The top and bottom chords are continuous and spliced ever 2 -3 bays for shipment. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Proposed Roof Trusses Fig 6. 4 Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum What About Shipment? The top two truss are 160’ long and 26’ tall. The bottom seven are 109’ long 22’ tall. How do I ship such large trusses? Options: 1) Could assemble everything on site but would be very time consuming and expensive 2) Could assemble enough to allow transport and assemble the partial pieces on site Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Roof Truss Assembly Fig 6. 5 Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Columns – – The combination will be SP V 49 N 1 M 16 4 LAMS The largest size required is 12 -3/4” x 12 -3/4”. This size can be assembled using a 2 x 8 and 2 x 6 edged butted. One prominent disparity between glued-laminated columns and beams is the edge gluing required for the columns. – Edge gluing the columns controls lateral buckling. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Connections For efficiency we want to connect everything with bearing connections, letting the wood’s grain compression do the work and not the bolt shear. So we’re going to use: 1. Beam Saddles 2. Beam Face Hanger Connections 3. U-Brackets 4. Beam Connections to Continuous Columns 5. Timber Rings & Shear Ring 6. Double Gusset Plates Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Beam Saddles Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Beam Face Hanger Connections Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum U-Brackets Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Beam Connections to Continuous Columns Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Timber Rings & Shear Ring Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Structural Depth Proposal Glued-Laminated Timber Architectural Redesign Construction Breadth Cost Comparison Lighting Breadth Day lighting with Skylights Mechanical Breadth Ice Thermal Storage System Architectural Breadth Glued-laminated Timber Architectural Redesign Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Ice-Thermal Storage System Saw this in a building in Chicago on the ARCH 443 trip. Ice storage generates ice at night during off-peak utility hours and stores it to cool a building the next day during on-peak demand time. The size of the chillers and cooling towers required for an ice system is significantly reduced compared to conventional chillers and cooling towers. Pump and pipe sizes are also reduced in an ice storage system as well as condenser water pipe sizes and head pressure falls. The only physical constraint for ice storage is physical space in the building. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Table 10. 1 Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Structural Depth Proposal Glued-Laminated Timber Architectural Redesign Construction Breadth Cost Comparison Lighting Breadth Day lighting with Skylights Mechanical Breadth Ice Thermal Storage System Architectural Breadth Glued-laminated Timber Architectural Redesign Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Costs The cost reduction of the steel structure was compiled using RS Means 2004. Total steel deduction is roughly $350, 000. This does not include fasteners, SFP, or any miscellaneous. A full member inventory can be found in the appendix of the report. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Costs The cost addition of glulam was compiled from Rigidply Rafters Inc past experience. Rough estimate at $1. 3 M for all of the members. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Acknowledgments I would like to thank my project sponsor, facility, and outside consultants for providing resources and the opportunity to use this building for my senior thesis project. Mr. S e a b T u c k I I I , T u c k -Hi n t o n A r chi t e c t s M r. T e r r y S c h o l e s , E. M. C. S t r u c tu r a l E n g i n e e r s P C M r. J o h n M a d o l e , A&M Co n s t r u c t o r s Ms. B e th D a v e n p or t , I. C. T h o m a s s o n A s s o c i a t e s M r. T o d d D o u t r i ch, R i g idp l y R a f t e r s , I n c. Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Acknowledgments I would like to thank my project sponsor, facility, and outside consultants for providing resources and the opportunity to use this building for my senior thesis project. AE & ABE F a c u l t y Prof. Louis F. Geschwindner Jr. Distinguish Prof. Harvey B. Manbeck Mr. Walter G. M. Schneider III Mr. M. Kevin Parfitt Dr. Richard G. Mistrick And all other supporting faculty and staff Senior Project Spring 2004

Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum Questions & Answers Senior Project Spring 2004