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ATP stands for: 1. Adenosine Triphosphate

What is ATP? 2. ATP is the energy currency of all cells (including plants

3. ATP is a type of nucleic acid (like DNA and RNA).

4. ATP contains high energy phosphate bonds that store and release energy.

Where does ATP come from? l ATP comes indirectly from the food that we

An ATP Molecule is composed of the following: l. A Nitrogenous Base – Adenine

Chemical Structure of ATP Adenine Base 3 Phosphates Ribose Sugar

ADP-ATP Cycle l Cells break phosphate bonds between the last two phosphate groups in

ADP-ATP Cycle When any of the phosphate bonds are broken or formed, energy is

ADP-ATP Cycle l To constantly supply the cell with energy, the ADP is recycled,

Steps in the ADP-ATP Cycle l To supply cells with energy, a “high energy”

Steps in the ADP-ATP Cycle l As the cell requires more energy, ADP becomes

How is the bond broken? HYDROLYSIS (Adding H 2 O) Assisted by the enzyme

The ADP-ATP Cycle ATP-ase ATP Synthetase

How is ATP Re-Made? The reverse of the previous process occurs. Another Enzyme is

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ADP and ATP

What Is ATP?

ATP stands for: 1. Adenosine Triphosphate

What is ATP? 2. ATP is the energy currency of all cells (including plants and animals). It supplies you with energy.

3. ATP is a type of nucleic acid (like DNA and RNA).

4. ATP contains high energy phosphate bonds that store and release energy.

Where does ATP come from? l ATP comes indirectly from the food that we eat. l Molecules of carbohydrates (glucose) and lipids are broken down through the process of cellular respiration to produce ATP.

An ATP Molecule is composed of the following: l. A Nitrogenous Base – Adenine l A Sugar – Ribose l Three phosphate groups

Chemical Structure of ATP Adenine Base 3 Phosphates Ribose Sugar

How Do We Get Energy From ATP?

ADP-ATP Cycle l Cells break phosphate bonds between the last two phosphate groups in a molecule of ATP as needed to supply energy for most cellular functions, when this happens a molecule of ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and a phosphate become available for reuse.

ADP-ATP Cycle When any of the phosphate bonds are broken or formed, energy is involved. l Energy is released each time a phosphate is removed from the molecule. l Energy is stored each time a phosphate attaches to the molecule.

ADP-ATP Cycle l To constantly supply the cell with energy, the ADP is recycled, creating more ATP which carries much more energy than ADP.

Steps in the ADP-ATP Cycle l To supply cells with energy, a “high energy” bond in ATP is broken. ADP is formed and a phosphate is released back into the cytoplasm. ATP ADP + phosphate + energy

Steps in the ADP-ATP Cycle l As the cell requires more energy, ADP becomes ATP when a free phosphate attaches to the ADP molecule. Then energy needed to create an ATP molecule is much less than the amount of energy produced when the bond is broken. ADP + phosphate + energy ATP

How is the bond broken? HYDROLYSIS (Adding H 2 O) Assisted by the enzyme ATPase. H 2 O

How Does That Happen? An Enzyme!

The ADP-ATP Cycle ATP-ase ATP Synthetase

How is ATP Re-Made? The reverse of the previous process occurs. Another Enzyme is used! ATP Synthase