Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer Communication Research Laboratories

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Mobile Internet Service 鄭仁傑網際網路軟體技術組(W 000) 中華民國八十九年三月二十二日 1

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Agenda § What is Mobile Internet Service? § Wireless Application Protocol Technical Overview § WAP 產品發展現況 § CCL/ITRI Mobile Internet Project § Mobile Commerce § Mobile Internet Technology Outlook 2

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Internet Service Internet Appliance w. Strategis Group統計行動數據應用的項目比率最高為訊息/電子郵件 (27%)，依序為個人資料處理(15%)及上網(14%) w上網方式統計，1999年透過行動通訊器材上網之比率為 16%，預估至 2005年將成長至 41% w我國網路家電產業產值將由 1999 年的2. 35億美元成長至 2002年的 13. 94億美元，年複合成長率達 81% w 1999年我國智慧型掌上裝置產量 22萬台(全球產量 4, 036萬台)，產值約為 5, 500萬美元，全球市場占有率為 5. 45% Wireless Application Protocol w. WAP Protocol，Wireless Transport Layer Security w. Mobile Internet Multimedia Application Environment Ubiquitous Networks w多元化的網路型態，頻寬大且無所不在 w資訊流為中心的行動運算互連網路應用服務 w. Mobile/Wireless Information Computing Mobile Internet WAP-Enable Device w. WAP Protocol 、Micro-Browser* w. Personalize Information Service w. On-Line Multimedia Information Service w. Mobile Commerce 目標 w建立Mobile Internet Service所需的應用平台設計技術 Application Gateway w. WAP Gateway / Proxy Server* w. Mobile Agent w. Push Service * 已進行的項目 3

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Mobile Internet Service Overview 線上資訊服務 2 G & 3 G Internet WAP Enable Device Mobility Service 金融資訊商務個人資訊服務 4

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Wireless Application Protocols(I) § What is WAP? l The Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is an open, global specification that empowers mobile users with wireless devices to easily access and interact with information and services instantly § Which wireless networks does WAP work with? l WAP is designed to work with most wireless networks such as CDPD, CDMA, GSM, PDC, PHS, TDMA, FLEX, Re. FLEX, i. DEN, TETRA, DECT, Data. TAC, Mobitex. § What operating systems are compatible with WAP? l WAP is a communications protocol and application environment. It can be built on any operating system including Palm. OS, EPOC, Windows CE, FLEXOS, OS/9, Java. OS etc. It provides service interoperability even between different device families. 5

WAP Architecture Introduction and Overview

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories The WAP Architecture WAP Gateway WMLScript WTAI Etc. Web Server WML Encoder WSP/WTP WMLScript Compiler Protocol Adapters HTTP CGI Scripts etc. Content WML Decks with WML-Script Client 8

業技術研究 Comparison between Internet and WAP Technologies 電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Wireless Application Protocol Internet HTML Java. Script Wireless Application Environment (WAE) Other Services and Applications Session Layer (WSP) HTTP Transaction Layer (WTP) Security Layer (WTLS) TLS - SSL Transport Layer (WDP) TCP/IP UDP/IP Bearers: SMS USSD CSD IS-136 CDMA CDPD PDC-P Etc. . 9

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WAP specifies… § Wireless Application Environment l l l WML Microbrowser WMLScript Virtual Machine WMLScript Standard Library Wireless Telephony Application Interface WAP Content Types § Wireless Protocols l l l Wireless Session Protocol (WSP) Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS) Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP) Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP) Wireless network interface definitions 10

WAP Application Environment WML and WMLScript Wireless Telephony Architecture Content Formats Push User Agent Profile

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WAE Goals § Network-neutral application environment; § For narrow-band wireless devices; § With an Internet/WWW programming model; § And a high degree of interoperability. 12

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WAE Requirements § § § § Leverage WSP and WTP Leverage Internet standard technology Device Independent Network Independent International Support Vendor-controlled MMI Initial focus on phones l l l Slow bearers Small memory Limited CPU Small screen Limited input model 13

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WAE First Generation § Architecture l l Application model Browser, Gateway, Content Server § WML l Display language § WMLScript l Scripting language § WTA l Telephony services API and architecture § Content Formats l Data exchange 14

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WML Second Generation § Extensions and enhancements l Currently under development § User Agent Profiling l Content customized for device § Push Model l Network-initiated content delivery § Performance Enhancements l Caching, etc. 15

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WAE Abstract Network Architecture WSP/HTTP Request {URL} Client Gateway Network Application WSP/HTTP Reply {Content} 16

業技術研究 Network Example #1: WAP Gateway 電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WAP Gateway WMLScript WTAI Etc. Web Server WML Encoder WSP/WTP WMLScript Compiler Protocol Adapters HTTP WML Decks with WML-Script Client CGI Scripts etc. Content 17

業技術研究 Network Example #2: WAP Application Server 電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Client WMLScript WTAI WML Encoder WSP/WTP WMLScript Compiler Protocol Adapters Application Logic Content WML Decks with WML-Script WAP Application Server Etc. 18

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WML § Tag-based browsing language: l l l Screen management (text, images) Data input (text, selection lists, etc. ) Hyperlinks & navigation support § W 3 C XML-based language § Inherits technology from HDML and HTML 19

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WML (cont. ) § Card metaphor l l User interactions are split into cards Navigation occurs between cards § Explicit inter-card navigation model l Hyperlinks UI Event handling History § State management and variables l l Reduce network traffic Results in better caching 20

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WML Example Navigation Variables Input Elements <WML> <CARD> <DO TYPE=“ACCEPT”> <GO URL=“#e. Card”/> </DO Welcome! </CARD> <CARD NAME=“e. Card”> <DO TYPE=“ACCEPT”> <GO URL=“/submit? N=$(N)&S=$(S)”/> </DO> Enter name: <INPUT KEY=“N”/> Choose speed: <SELECT KEY=“S”> <OPTION VALUE=“ 0”>Fast</OPTION> <OPTION VALUE=“ 1”>Slow</OPTION> <SELECT> </CARD> </WML> Card Deck 21

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WMLScript § Scripting language: l l Procedural logic, loops, conditionals, etc. Optimized for small-memory, small-cpu devices § Derived from Java. Script™ § Integrated with WML l l Powerful extension mechanism Reduces overall network traffic 22

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WMLScript (cont. ) § Bytecode-based virtual machine l l l Stack-oriented design ROM-able Designed for simple, low-impact implementation § Compiler in network l l Better network bandwidth use Better use of terminal memory/cpu. 23

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WMLScript Example WMLScript is very similar to Java. Script Functions Variables Programming Constructs function currency. Convertor(currency, exch. Rate) { return currency*exchange. Rate; } function my. Day(sun. Shines) { var my. Day; if (sun. Shines) { my. Day = “Good”; } else { my. Day = “Not so good”; }; return my. Day; } 24

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WTA § Tools for building telephony applications § Designed primarily for: l l Network Operators / Carriers Equipment Vendors § Network security and reliability a major consideration 25

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WTA (cont. ) § WTA Browser l l Extensions added to standard WML/WMLScript browser Exposes additional API (WTAI) § WTAI includes: l l l Call control Network text messaging Phone book interface Indicator control Event processing 26

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WTA (cont. ) § Network model for client/server interaction l l Event signaling Client requests to server § Security model: segregation l l Separate WTA browser Separate WTA port § WTAI available in WML & WMLScript 27

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WTA Example Placing an outgoing call with WTAI: WTAI Call Input Element <WML> <CARD> <DO TYPE=“ACCEPT”> <GO URL=“wtai: cc/mc; $(N)”/> </DO> Enter phone number: <INPUT TYPE=“TEXT” KEY=“N”/> </CARD> </WML> 28

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Content Formats § Common interchange formats § Promoting interoperability § Formats: l l Business cards: IMC v. Card standard Calendar: IMC v. Calendar standard Images: WBMP (Wireless Bit. Ma. P) Compiled WML, WMLScript 29

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Content Format Example Use of an Image: Image Element <WML> <CARD> Hello World!<BR/> <IMG SRC=“/world. wbmp” ALT=“[Globe]” /> </CARD> </WML> 30

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Push § Push is under development § Network-push of content l l Alerts or service indications Pre-caching of data § Goals: l l l Extensibility and simplicity Build upon WAP 1. 0 End-to-end solution Security User friendly 31

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories User Agent Profiles (UAProf) § UAProf is under development § Goal: content personalization, based upon: l l Device characteristics, user preferences Other profile information § Working with W 3 C on CC/PP l l RDF-based content format Describes “capability and profile” info § Efficient transport over wireless links, caching, etc. 32

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WAE Technical Collaboration § W 3 C l l White paper published Technical collaboration • • CC/PP HTML-NG HTTP-NG Etc. § ETSI/MEx. E § Others coming soon 33

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Summary: WAE Status § First generation released l l Implementations are in progress Specifications include: • WAE, WMLScript • WBMP, WTAI, etc. § Second generation in development l Focusing on: • Push, Interoperability, UAProf • Telephony, Internationalization, etc. 34

Wireless Transport Protocols Wireless Session Protocol Wireless Transaction Protocol Wireless Datagram Protocol

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WAP Protocol Layers Wireless Session Service Access Point Wireless Session Protocol Wireless Transaction Service Access Point Wireless Transaction Protocol Transport Service Access Point (TSAP) Wireless Datagram Protocol WCMP Bearer Service D C Service B A Physical Layer Air Link Technology 36

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WAP Transport Services § WSP is the Session Layer Protocol § WTP is the Transaction-Oriented protocol § WDP is the Datagram protocol 37

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Service, Protocol, and Bearer Example Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WAP Over GSM Circuit-Switched WAP Proxy/Server Mobile WAE WSP IWF ISP/RAS WAE Apps on Other Servers WSP WTP UDP IP PPP CSD-RF IP IP PSTN Subnetwork Circuit Subnetwork PPP CSDRF RAS - Remote Access Server IWF - Inter. Working Function PSTN Circuit 38

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Service, Protocol, and Bearer Example Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WAP Over GSM Short Message Service WAP Proxy/Server Mobile WAE Apps on other servers WSP SMSC WTP WDP SMS under development WDP Tunnel Protocol Subnetwork 39

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 WDP TUNNEL Specification WAP context Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories 40

WAP Security WTLS Services & Characteristics

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WTLS Services and Characteristics § Specifies a framework for secure connections, using protocol elements from common Internet security protocols like SSL and TLS. § Provides security facilities for encryption, strong authentication, integrity, and key management § Compliance with regulations on the use of cryptographic algorithms and key lengths in different countries § Provides end-to-end security between protocol end points 42

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WTLS Services and Characteristics l Provides connection security for two communicating applications • privacy (encryption) • data integrity (MACs) • authentication (public-key and symmetric) l l Lightweight and efficient protocol with respect to bandwidth, memory and processing power Employs special adapted mechanisms for wireless usage • Long lived secure sessions • Optimised handshake procedures • Provides simple data reliability for operation over datagram bearers 43

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WTLS Internal Architecture Transaction Protocol (WTP) WTLS Handshake Protocol Alert Protocol Application Protocol Change Cipher Spec Protocol Record protocol Datagram Protocol (WDP/UDP) Bearer networks 44

Wireless Interoperability Group

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Wireless Interoperability Group WIG Mission statement “To ensure that WAP products are conformant to WAP specs and interwork with each other. ” 46

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WAP產品發展現況資料來源：WAP Forum，1999/10，電通所IT IS整理 47

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute CCL/ITRI 計畫內容 Computer & Communication Research Laboratories 項目進行內容 Java WAP Protocol Stack * HTTP Translator * Wireless Session Protocol(WSP) 設計技術 * Wireless Transport Layer Security Protocol(WTLS) * Wireless Transaction Protocol(WTP) * Wireless Datagram Protcol(WDP) * GSM Short Message System(SMS) Interface * Java Cryptographic Library(Cryptix) WAP Gateway設計技術 * WTLS to SSL Protocol Converter * HTML to WML Converter * WPKI Portal * Proxy Gateway Java Micro-Browser設計技術 * Wireless Markup Language(WML) Language Encoder/Decoder * Compress WML (WMLC) Encoder/Decoder * WMLScript Language Encoder/Decoder * Layout Manager 48

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Mobile Internet Access 內容 Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Short Message Center Micro-Browser with * Wireless Markup Language/WMLScript Wireless Session Protocol WAP Gateway WTLS Server Wireless Transaction Protocol * * HTTP * Connection I/F Push Service * Wireless Transport Layered Security* Wireless Datagram Protocol / * Wireless Control Message Protocol TCP/UDP/IP RS-232 Ir. DA * 進行中的項目 GSM Modem / Short Message * 49

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories 技術成就 § 已完成一套完整的Java Based WAP Protocol Stack及Micro-Browser l l l 符合WAP 1. 1規格之WAP Protocol Stack(含Security module) 可處理WML/WMLC/WMLScript 目前進行System Tuning § 已完成WAP Gateway Prototype l l 可處理WAP 1. 1規格之WAP Protocol Stack 可處理WTLS與SSL轉換處理，順利連上現有Internet上之Web Server § 後續進行項目 l l Micro-Browser downsizing WAP Gateway與Internet Payment Server之連結 WPKI Portal之設計 WAP Proxy Gateway Protocol設計 50

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories 未來發展方向 § WAP與Internet E-Commerce系統結合 l l 提供Mobile Commerce之Technical Solution 彰顯WAP Gateway的獨特性 • Security Module • Payment Gateway Solution • WPKI Portal § Mobile Internet Integration Environment l l 配合Multimedia與Mobile Computing技術的發展，進行技術研發與應用 WAP Gateway之功能可結合Data Mining及Software Agent技術發展 51

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Computer & Communication Research Laboratories WAP與Internet E-Commerce結合 52

業技術研究電腦與通訊業研究所院 Industrial Technology Research Institute Mobile Internet Technology Computer & Communication Research Laboratories Mobile Home Data Terminal Digital Cellular Network Monitor Camera GSM / GPRS / 3 G WAP enabled Security TV Door Phone Card Display Mobile ISP/Agent Audio Video Server (WAP Gateway Server) Multimedia Mail, PIM WPAN Note PC Handset (Repeater) - Text, Voice & Image - Personal Data DB Peripherals Comm. Terminals AV Terminals Multimedia Contents PC TV Home Communicator - Web Browsing - Bulletin Board - Network Game - Ticket Reservation - E-commerce AV Products Intranet Security Cameras Switcher DSC DVC Internet (Web, Mail) DSC: Digital Still Camera DVC: Digital Video Camera WPAN: Wireless Personal Area Network (IEEE 802. 15) WAP: Wireless Application Protocol Fixed Network Router LAN PSTN / ISDN / FTTH Data & Image over LAN Office 53