Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy Resources Laboratories Energy

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Energy Technology R&D in Taiwan Dr. Hwai-Derg Chiang e-mail: hdc@itri. org. tw Energy & Resources Laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute 1

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Contents Ø General information of energy research Ø Five-year R & D plan Ø Examples of energy R & D Ø Future direction 2

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Objectives of Energy Technology R&D 1. Establishment of energy conservation technologies to further sustainable development. 2. Development of alternative energy technologies to promote renewable energy applications 3. Development of energy efficient products to increase energy utilization efficiency 4. Reduction of environmental impacts to uphold the quality of life 5. Establishment of technical capacity to support domestic industrial needs 3

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Energy Research Structure Government National Science Council Energy Commission, MOEA funding Energy & Resources Laboratories, ITRI cooperative study technology transfer Industry R & D Dept. Policy, Strategy sub-contract study energy service product system funding University Center, Lab. energy service End User Industry, Consumer 4

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Energy R&D Expenditure and Budget in 1991 -2004 millions NT$ National Science & Technology Conference First year of 5 year plan 18 months fiscal year National Energy Conference year 5

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories New Five-Year Energy R&D Plan (2000 -2004) 1. Based on the conclusion of 1998 National Energy Conference 2. 10 billion NT dollars (about 300 million US dollars) committed for 2000 -2004 period 3. Emphasis on the demonstration and promotion of renewable energy (solar/wind/bio-mass/geothermal energy) 4. Industry participation, international cooperation and formation of energy research centers in academic institutes 5. Three thematic areas: Renewable energy New energy Energy conservation and energy efficiency 6

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Renewable Energy Ø Low cost production of high efficiency products • Solar heat-pipe collector (efficiency>75%) • Solar air conditioning system (COP=0. 5) • Solar cell (efficiency 13% 18%, cost US$4 $2/Wp) Ø Demonstration and promotion • • • Solar PV systems (7. 2 MW) Wind turbines (18 MW) Geothermal power system (200 k. W) Bio-mass power system (6 MW) Refuse derived fuel (RDF) thermal system (1000 kg/hr) Ø Subsidy and promotion • 200, 000 solar water heaters, 800, 000 m 2 installed area 7

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories New Energy Ø Electric vehicles development • Li-ion battery (42 V, 50 Ah, more than 600 charging) • Fast charging for electric scooter • 3 rd generation electric scooter (90 kg weight, 60 kph speed, 80 km distance) Ø Fuel cell development • Fuel cell for electric scooter (24 V, 2000 Wh) • KW-class power generator module Ø Distributed power generation • Micro-turbine and fuel cell hybrid power system (5 MW) 8

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency Ø Building energy conservation • Energy-saving building materials • Energy-saving air conditioning design Ø Industrial energy conservation • Mid and high temperatures waste heat utilization (800 C) • Energy-efficient heating, drying, combustion and processes • Smart factory electrical energy management system Ø High efficiency products • • • Inverter-controlled scroll compressor (EER 2. 75 Kcal/Wh) R 410 A air conditioner (EER 3. 0 Kcal/Wh) Household refrigerator (EF 11. 51 l/k. Wh/m) New refrigerant chiller (air cooled EER>3. 0, water cooled EER>4. 0) LED lighting (75% saving) 9

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Five Energy R&D Centers in Academic Institutes Ø Solar thermal energy – National Taiwan University Ø Industrial energy conservation – National Chiao-Tung University Ø Fuel cell – Yuan Ze University Ø Clean fossil energy – National Cheng-Kung University Ø Bio-mass energy – National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology 10

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Energy R & D Program in ERL new and renewable energy efficiency energy conservation energy services & management fuel cell solar energy refuse derived fuel LED illumination air conditioner household refrigerator clean coal energy conservation cold logistics waste heat utilization power electronics energy auditing bio-gas generation wind energy demo. high temperature combustion energy building demand side consumption energy management index management 11

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Examples of New Energy Technology Ø PEM Fuel Cell Ø Electric Scooter 12

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Stationary PEMFC Power System Core technologies at ERL/ITRI Þ Þ Fuel cell stack technology (5 k. W grade) Water, thermal and fuel management technology Power conditioning and system control technology Fuel processor and hydrogen storage system developed by UCL and MRL, separately Applications Þ Remote site power system Þ UPS power system Potential Market Þ Taiwan import/export 750 W~75 k. W grade stationary power generator for 21 B/9 B NT Dollar in 2000 Þ Conventional power generator cost $130/k. W, GE estimated PEMFC power system cost $500/k. W (DOE estimated FC system cost for EV is $300/k. W, in 2000) 13

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Project’s Targets Fuel Cell Stack 3. 0 k. W rated Fuel Processor Hydrogen production rate > 50 liter/min. , Hydrogen concentration > 38%, CO concentration < 10 ppm Hydrogen Storage System Hydrogen generation rate > 7. 5 liter/min. (RT), Specific capacity ≧ 1. 75 wt%, ≧ 35 kg H 2/m 3 Fuel Cell Power System Specific Capacity ≧ 0. 15 W/cm 2 Output stability ≧ 90% after 300 hrs operation Field Demonstration 14

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Proposed PEM Fuel Cell Power System Reformate Generator • Zn. O Sulfur Removal • Catalyzed Reformer • HTS • LTS • Selective Oxidizer • Air Preheater • Reformate Humidifier • Water Separators • Heat Exchanger • Process Water Reservoir • Sensors and Control Valves Fuel Cell Subsystem • Fuel Cell Stack • Stack Hardware • Fuel Cell Heat Exchanger • Compressor/Expander • Anode Tailgas Burner • Sensors and Control Valves Control & Electrical Subsystem • Control Board • Start-up Battery • Inverter • Thermal Management • Water Management • Gauge • Sensor 15

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Demonstration and Application 30 W Stack 5 k. W System 200 k. W Demonstration Operation PAFC 30 W System 150 W System 250 W Application PEMFC 16

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Electric Scooter Ø Reduce air pollution in urban areas Þ 10 millions motorcycles, 35% CO and 18% HC emission, Ø Low operation energy cost Þ life-time average operation cost US$2. 0 cents/km Ø World leading scooter technology Þ light weight, fast charging, advanced Li-Ion battery Ø Supported by Energy Commission, MOEA (technology) and Environmental Protection Agency (promotion) Ø Co-developed with major motorcycle companies Ø Commercial production and sales in 1999 17

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Functional Targets for the 3 rd Generation Electric Scooter Light Weight Design W=90 kg Operation Cost Over-all Performance Energy efficiency 20%up Range 50%up Life-time Average 6. 0 cents per km Fast Charging 15 min for 30 km Advanced Battery 36, 000 km life-time usage Environmental Effect Zero exhaust emission running Noise=65 d. B 18

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Rapid Charging System for Electrical Scooters Single charging charge rate : 1 k. Wh/15 min energy refill: 2 km/min (Pb-acid) 4 km/min (Li-ion) Multiple charging 19

業技術研究院 能源與資源研究所 Industrial Technology Research Institute Energy & Resources Laboratories Future Direction Ø Harmonization between energy usage and environmental impact, leading to a sustainable development Ø Advanced energy conversion technology development Ø International cooperation 20