Essential Question Question What are the major religious

■ Essential Question: Question What are the major religious, political, & economic themes of European colonization in North America? ■ Reading Quiz 5 B (145 -157)

Unit 1 Review ■ Each group will be presented a prompt & will list as many correct answers as possible (unless a cap is provided) within 1 minute ■ Groups earn 1 point per correct response; If any part of the response is incorrect, teams receive no points for that round ■ The winning group earns 105, others earn 100, 95, 90, 85…

Prompt #1 Identify 3 similarities & 3 differences between the Spanish & French colonial patterns in America

■ Similarities: – Royal funding & royal control – Strict emigration; Small populations of single young men looking for profit – Catholic missions (Jesuits) – Frontiers of inclusion with Indians – Large land claims, little “control” ■ Differences: – Location of their land claims – Gold/encomiendas vs. fur – Inter-marriage vs. French women – Indian conquest vs. Indian alliances – Slow vs. fast pop growth in 18 th century

Prompt #2 Identify 5 factors that stimulated immigration to the British colonies in the th 17 Century

■ “Push” factors from England: – Population pressure – Few job or land opportunities (vagrants) or to escape debts – Fear of violence (Civil War & Glorious Revolution) ■ “Pull” factors to North America: – Desire for wealth (gold/tobacco) – Desire for religious ideals (MA, PA, MD) – Reduced risk due to formation of joinstock companies – Indentured servitude & slavery

Prompt #3 Name the individual English colonies

■ “Chesapeake” – Virginia – Maryland ■ “Middle” – New York – Pennsylvania – New Jersey – Delaware ■ “New England” – Plymouth* ■ “Lower South” – Massachusetts – North Carolina – Rhode Island – South Carolina – Connecticut – Georgia – New Hampshire – New Haven*

Prompt #4 Define the following 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Salutary Neglect Mercantilism Headright System Half-Way Covenant Indentured Servant Yeoman Farmer Frontier of Exclusion

■ Salutary Neglect—loose political control by England; led to self-gov’t & assemblies ■ Mercantilism—Colonies exist to serve the mother country; Economic control of trade ■ Headright System— 50 acres to anyone who could bring indentured servants (VA) ■ Half-Way Covenant—membership into town meetings & church for non-converted citizens in New England towns ■ Indentured Servant—contracted laborer ■ Yeoman Farmer—small-scale farmer ■ Frontier of Exclusion—lack of desire to convert, marry, trade with Indians

Prompt #5 Identify 7 differences among the settlement patterns of the early New England & Chesapeake colonists

■ Chesapeake vs New England: –Desire for wealth vs. Religious freedom –Individualistic vs. Cohesive –Young single men vs. Families –High death rates & low fertility vs. longer life expectancy & high fertility rates –Cash-crop, plantation economy vs. small -scale yeomen, fishing, shipbuilding –Landed-elite ruled House of Burgesses vs. religious “elect” in town meetings –Secular, Anglican, Catholic vs. Puritan –Forced-labor systems vs. Few slaves –Little education vs. valued education

Prompt #6 Identify the following people: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. John Rolfe Metacomet John Winthrop Jonathan Edwards Roger Williams Edmond Andros William Penn

■ John Rolfe—“Discovered” tobacco in VA ■ Metacomet—“King Philip”; led Indian attacks on New England colonies ■ John Winthrop—Puritan leader in MA; Led Great Migration; “City on a Hill” ideal ■ Jonathan Edwards—evangelist of Great Awakening; “Sinners in the Hands…” ■ Roger Williams—banished from MA; Founded Rhode Island; Tolerance ■ Edmond Andros—The despised gov of Dominion of NE after King Philip’s War ■ William Penn—Founder of PA; Quaker; “Holy Experiment”

Prompt #7 Identify 5 rebellions in colonial history

■ Bacon’s Rebellion—poor VA farmers angry with Gov about Indian attacks ■ Stono Rebellion—slaves in SC ■ NY Slave Rebellion— 104 slaves hanged ■ Powhatan attacks—Attacked Jamestown ■ King Philip’s War—attacked NE ■ Salem Witch Trials—young “rebelling” against the older citizens of Salem ■ Initial smuggling during Navigation Acts— colonists rebelled against mercantilism until they realized monopolistic benefits ■ Popé’s Rebellion—Pueblo against Spain

Prompt #8 Identify 6 characteristics or consequences of the Great Awakening

■ Characteristics: – Enthusiastic preaching (“fire & passion”) – Attacked secularism & old light churches – Free will (arminianism) not predestination – Not a unified religious movement – First “national” event in American history – “Camp revivals” to 1, 000 s in attendance ■ Consequences: – Increased colonial unity – Alternative denominations grew (Baptists & Methodists; New Lights) – New universities to challenge Harvard – Encouraged challenging authority

Prompt #9 Identify 6 characteristics or specific examples of colonial government *double points for including the 3 “firsts”

■ Colonial Gov’t: – Mayflower Compact (1 st self-gov’t) – House of Burgesses (1 st legislature) – Fundamntl Orders of CT (1 st constitution) – Salutary neglect led to colonial assemblies & self-government – British parliament & king were sovereign but did not act on this power – Royal governors were weak & paid by colonial assemblies – Town meetings in New England – Assemblies ruled by the “elite” but elected democratically by the people – Royal control in Spain (viceroys) & France

Prompt #10 Name the proprietary colonies

■ Proprietary Colonies: – Maryland—Lord Baltimore, Catholics – New York—Duke of York after seizure from the Dutch – Pennsylvania—William Penn, Quakers, Holy Experiment – Carolina—Group of 8 who wanted a democratic utopia; Veto power – New Jersey – New Hampshire – Delaware

Prompt #11 Name the significant religious characteristic of each colony: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Massachusetts Virginia Maryland Pennsylvania Plymouth Connecticut

■Colonial Religions: – Massachusetts—Puritans – Virginia—Anglican – Maryland—Catholic – Pennsylvania—Religiously diverse; Quakers; Holy experiment – Plymouth—Puritan separatists (Pilgrims) – Connecticut—Puritan

Prompt #12 Identify 3 characteristics of the American backcountry

■ Backcountry Characteristics: – Geographic area beyond the eastern seaboard, near Appalachian Mountains – Most diverse place in colonial America: populated by Scots-Irish, Germans, former indentured servants – Rocky soil, difficult to farm, yeomen farms – Proximity to Indians; Dangerous – Rebellious: Scots-Irish won’t obey, Germans won’t conform, Poor farmers are frustrated

Prompt #13 Identify 5 characteristics of the middle colonies

■ Characteristics of Middle Colonies: – Ethnic immigrant diversity – Religious diversity & religiously tolerant – Economic diversity: Shipping, wheat, corn, farming, livestock, iron – Most people were yeoman farmers – Proprietary colonies (NY & PA) – Excellent harbors (Philadelphia, NY City) – Less hostile with Indians than NE or Southern colonies

Prompt #14 What is the difference between a Pilgrim & Puritan?

■ Puritans: – Believed in purifying the Anglican Church of all Catholic rituals – Were willing to work to reform the church – Believed in predestination & strict moral codes – Immigrated to Massachusetts ■ Pilgrims: – “Separatists” (Radical Puritans) – Unwilling to wait for reform – Migrated to Plymouth (absorbed by MA)

Prompt #15 Name the colony associated with 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. “City on a Hill” “Holy Experiment” “Stinking Weed” “Salad Bowl” “Political Utopia” “Buffer Colony” “Act of Tolerance” “Land of the Weirdos”

■“City on a Hill”—Massachusetts ■“Holy Experiment”—Pennsylvania ■“Stinking Weed”—Virginia ■“Salad Bowl”—New York ■“Political Utopia”—Carolina ■“Buffer Colony”—Georgia ■“Act of Tolerance”—Maryland ■“Land of the Weirdos”—Rhode Island (Mr. Baggett made up this term this )