Essential Question 1 Essential Question 2 Essential Question

Essential Question 1 Essential Question 2 Essential Question 3 What are the common steps of scientific methods? What are the variables and the controls in a experiment? What is the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law? 2

Design your own experiment !!! 1. Question: What is the fastest route to school? 2. Hypothesis: Taking Main Street to Elm Street to avoid the light on Maple Avenue is the fastest route to school. 3. Experiment: Drive to school at the same time each day at the same speed, taking a variety of routes. Make sure to include the hypothesis route. Record the time for each route. 4. Analysis: Analyze the different route times, selecting the fastest. 5. Conclusion: Determine whether your route hypothesis was correct. 6. Discussion: Share the results of your test to help others get to school on time. 3

Scientific Methods Steps Scientific method are systematic approaches to problem solving 4

Scientific Methods Steps - Observation 5

Qualitative and Quantitative Data • Analyze • Give two examples of qualitative data that could be obtained from the picture. • Give two examples of quantitative data that could be obtained from the picture 6

Qualitative and Quantitative Data • Analyze • Give two examples of qualitative data that could be obtained from the picture. • Give two examples of quantitative data that could be obtained from the picture 7

Sort and Classify – Qualitative and Quantitative Data Instructions: 1. Find a partner 2. Take a pink card 3. Take a blue worksheet 8

Scientific Methods Steps - Hypothesis Is a tentative, testable statement or prediction about what has been observed 9

Scientific Methods Steps - Experiments ✓ Experiment ✓ Independent variable ✓ Dependent variable ✓ Other factors ✓ Controls ✓ Analyze the data and form inferences 10

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Scientific Methods Steps - Conclusion is a judgment based on the information obtained. 14

What is the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law? Scientific theory Is a statement that provides an explanation based on supported hypothesis Scientific law Describe something known to happen without error, such as gravity but does not explain how it happens 15

Examples Scientific Theory Scientific Law • • • Law of Gravity • Newton’s Law of Motion The Bing Bang Theory Modern Atomic Theory of Evolution Plate Tectonic Theory 16

Scientific Theory and Scientific Law Explains how nature works Describes what nature does under certain conditions (usually with a mathematical formula) Widely accepted by a vast majority (if not all) scientists within a discipline Chemistry and Physics have more of these Biology has more of these Scientific Theory Both Theory and Law Scientific Law Tested hypothesis Supported by large amount of data Helps unify a field of study Can be modified if even 1 peerreviewed experiment produces data showing disagreement 17

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Types of Scientific Investigations Pure Research • A type of scientific investigation that seeks to gain knowledge for the sake of knowledge itself. Applied Research • A type of scientific investigation that is undertaken to solve a specific problem. 19