The Javanese Gamelan Southeast Asia Southeast Asia CultureReligion
- Slides: 50
The Javanese Gamelan Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia
Culture/Religion • Great diversity • Major religions are Islam and Buddhism followed by Christianity • Before 13 th century CE, Hinduism and Buddhism • Trade, missionaries, ruling class
Indonesia • Archipelago of ~17, 508 islands • Over 238 million people • Shares borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor and Malaysia • Important trade region since at least 7 th century
Indonesia continued… • Dutch colonialism • Turbulent history • Distinct ethnic, linguistic, religious groups • Javanese largest ethnic group • “Bhinneka Tunggal Ika” “Unity in Diversity”
Java • 100 million people • ~75 million ethnically Javanese • Most Muslim though a minority practice • Mostly a farming society – Wet rice agriculture
Jakarta (Batavia)
Dutch East India Company
Regional Trade Network
Jakarta continued…
Yogjakarta
Bank of Indonesia
Yogjakarta Palace
Yogjakarta Palace Gamelan
Gamelan • A musical ensemble from Indonesia featuring a variety of instruments • Refers to a set of instruments unified by their tuning and often by their decorative carving and painting • Gamels “to strike or hammer”
Gamelan continued… • Predates Hindu-Buddhist culture that dominates earliest records of Indonesia • Developed into current form during Majapahit Empire (1200 -1500) • Javanese mythology- Created by Sang Hyang Guru in Ska era 167 (c. AD 230)
Different types of gamelan Balinese Bamboo Gamelan
Sundanese Gamelan Degung
Javanese Gamelan
Gamelan Tuning and Modes Laras (tuning system) Slendro: a five-note (pentatonic) tuning Pélog: a seven-note tuning Pathet (Modes)* Slendro Nem Slendro Sanga Slendro Manyura Pélog Nem Pélog Lima Pélog Barang *Modes correspond to Wayang Kulit performance: Nem from 9: 00 PM to Midnight; Sanga from Midnight to 3: 00 AM; Manyura from 3: 00 AM to 6: 00 AM.
Gamelan Musical Structure • Colotomic Structure: based upon a circular perception of time. • Reflects the persistence of Hindu-Buddhist conceptions of time introduced to Java during the first millennium C. E. • All instruments in the gamelan must play important structural or “auspicious” notes together. These “coincidences” carry important meaning in Javanese culture.
Gamelan Musical Structure • The sounding of the gong agung with the kenong marks the musical instance of the greatest weight or importance. It is at this point that the gendhing (piece) may begin or end. • Lesser points of coincidence also exist (listed in order of importance): Kenong stroke kethuk stroke Kempul stroke
Gamelan Texture Three layers: Structural: gong and kenong as well as kethuk/kempyang Balungan: basic melodic content Elaboration: realizes “inner melody”
Punctuating Instruments Kempul Gong Agung & Siyem Kenong
Punctuating and Time Keeping Instruments Kethuk Kempyang Kendhang (Played by the conductor of the gamelan Orchestra)
Sarons: Balungan Instruments Saron Panarus or “Peking” Saron Barung Demung
Elaborating Instruments: Melodic Leaders of the Gamelan Bonang Barung and Bonang Panarus Rebab
“Soft-Style” Elaborating Instruments Four Sulings (different tunings) Gender (three tunings) Gambang
The Drums
The Gongs
Kempul
Kenong
Kethuk
Kampyang
Demung
Saron
Peking
Gendèr
Slenthem
Bonang
Lancaran bubaran Kembang Pacar, laras pélog pathet nem Balungan Level: Sarons
Lancaran bubaran Kembang Pacar, IRAMA Level: Bonang Barung
Lancaran bubaran Kembang Pacar, IRAMA Level: Bonang Panarus
- Time keeping or punctuating instruments
- Gamelanorchester
- Esposizione universale parigi 1889 padiglioni
- Gamelan salendro
- Rhythm of gamelan indonesia
- A xylophone of heavy bronze bars
- Gamelan indonesia rhythm
- Cobowo
- Javanese shadow puppets
- Javanese
- Karapatan ng kalalakihan
- Prinsesang javanese
- Southwest asia landforms
- Imperialism in southeast asia and the pacific
- What led to western dominance in southeast asia?
- Sea roads as a catalyst for change southeast asia
- Chapter 15 lesson 1 physical geography of north africa
- Chapter 12 section 5 kingdoms of southeast asia and korea
- Malaysia rich in natural resources
- Mon khmer
- Mainland southeast asia
- In 1500 mainland southeast asia was a relatively
- Colonial rule in southeast asia
- Countries in southeast asia
- Chapter 11 section 5 imperialism in southeast asia
- Insular southeast asia
- Chapter 11 section 5 imperialism in southeast asia
- Chapter 11 section 5 imperialism in southeast asia
- Countries in southeast asia
- East asia spice chart
- Southeast asian alphabets
- Is india southeast asia
- Latin american model
- Southeast asia 1450 to 1750
- Imperialism in southeast asia chapter 27 section 5
- The reach of imperialism
- Seapil
- Ano ibig sabihin ng seato
- Chapter 27 section 5 imperialism in southeast asia
- Thế nào là hệ số cao nhất
- Thang điểm glasgow
- Hệ hô hấp
- Tư thế ngồi viết
- đặc điểm cơ thể của người tối cổ
- Cái miệng nó xinh thế chỉ nói điều hay thôi
- Cách giải mật thư tọa độ
- Bổ thể
- Tư thế ngồi viết
- ưu thế lai là gì
- Thẻ vin
- Thơ thất ngôn tứ tuyệt đường luật