Recent Seismicity and Rapid Response in Ethiopia Atalay

Recent Seismicity and Rapid Response in Ethiopia Atalay Ayele Institute of Geophysics Space Science and Astronomy, Addis Ababa University (Ethiopia) 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Contents Ø Backgrounds Ø Status of Ethiopian Seismic Station Network Ø Recent seismicity and experiences in rapid response Ø Challenges in earthquake and volcanic risk mitigation in Ethiopia Ø Conclusions 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Backgrounds Meghraoui et al. , 2016 10/27/2020 The most evolved part of EARS Prototype Ultra slow spreading oceanic ridge SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Backgrounds … ia b u -Red dots represent earthquake epicenters with magnitude being proportional to the Arabia plate size of the circle - White stars represent capital cities 1. 8 -2 cm/year - yellow stars show major towns in Ethiopia te a l P N a So li a m 5 -6 mm/year te a l P Farming and animal herding and hence settlement more favorable around the rift BUT 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Backgrounds … M ≥ 6. 8 Risk is growing with less awareness 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Backgrounds. . . Ayele et al. , 2009 Belachew et al. , 2011 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Seismic station network • Seismic monitoring in Ethiopia started in 1959 • AAE remained as one of the world best stations in data quality and continuity of operation Inauguration of AAE in 1962 as one of the WWSSN station and dignitaries and engineers were from AAU, USGS and the US embassy in Addis Ababa 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Current seismic Station Network … A total of 9 stations DESE GERD ANKE WELM AAE SEME HARA FURI DILA 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019 GERD WELM Two more standby stations

Current seismic station network FURI (Ethiopia) AAE (Ethiopia) DESE (Ethiopia) HARA (Ethiopia) ANKE (Ethiopia) BEKJ (Rift. Volk project) MBAR (Uganda) ATD (Djibouti) KMBO (Kenya) LODK (Kenya) RAYN (Saudi Arabia) All these stations generate helicorders on daily basis 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

16 people died and 253 were injured (daily mail) 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Monitoring regional earthquake activities 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Recent seismicity & rapid response March/April 2015 Fentale swarm BAHI SEME DESE ANKE AAE NEKE SABU FURI Clear anisotropy is visible at SABU station DILA 10/27/2020 GINR SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Recent seismicity & rapid response -The most reported on the media -There was panic and death due to lack of awareness on how to behave during earthquake crisis Wilks et al. , 2017) 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Recent seismicity & rapid response 18 -21/01/2017 NASA image 04/12/2016 4. 6 (ML) 27/01/2017 5. 3 Mw 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Recent seismicity & rapid response 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Challenges 10% probability of exeedance in 50 years Ayele (2017) BUT 10/27/2020 2% probability of exeedance in 50 years - historical catalogue -Instrumental catalogue - active Fault Mapping/earthquake geology - Strain Rate SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019 - GMPE etc

Challenges … Bekoji station Frequent power and connectivity failure 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Challenges … • Government manages crisis instead of risk – Capacity building – outreach • Episodic international collaborations for naturally episodic activities • We are missing science b/se of lack of funding for rapid response but risk management, we never had catastrophic event so far and we are not prepared 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Conclusions • Update the seismic hazard map and the building code from the most we can get out of the data • Enforce the code by legislation • Build capacity in real-time monitoring & communicate results to the concerned when necessary • Establish a reliable civil protection authority in the country • Government attention is episodic and dangerous for developing mitigation capacity in the country 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019

Acknowledgements ISP (International Science Program) of Uppsala University for supporting our seismological activity 10/27/2020 SDR imitative (CEA), Beijing 2019