PLANT TRANSPORT LECTURE Plants need a way to

PLANT TRANSPORT LECTURE Plants need a way to transport materials through their bodies, too. Vascular tissue – cells used by plant to transport nutrients and water.

Types of Vascular Tissue XYLEM – Dead cells that form “pipes” to carry water from roots through leaves. PHLOEM – Tubes made from living cells to transport food; phloem = food

Types of Vascular Tissue XYLEM – Only carries UP PHLOEM – Carries food in all directions (UP and DOWN)

MONOCOTS Definition – Have only one cotyledon (embryo leaf). Example – Corn, grass, tulips.

MONOCOTS LARGE CELLS ARE XYLEM Stem pattern – Scattered xylem and phloem. SMALL CELLS ARE PHLOEM

MONOCOTS Root pattern – fibrous

MONOCOTS Root pattern (xylem and phloem) – ring

MONOCOTS Leaf pattern – veins are parallel

MONOCOTS Flower pattern – parts are in multiple of 3’s.

DICOTS Definition – Have two cotyledons (embryo leaves). Example – Trees, beans, carrots.

DICOTS LARGE CELLS ARE XYLEM Stem pattern – Ringshaped xylem and phloem. SMALL CELLS ON OUTSIDE ARE PHLOEM

DICOTS Root pattern – taproot

DICOTS Root pattern (xylem and phloem) – X-shape

DICOTS Leaf pattern – veins are branched.

DICOTS Flower pattern – parts are in multiples of 4’s or 5’s.

MATERIALS TRANSPORTED XYLEM – WATER DISSOLVED MINERALS HORMONES PHLOEM – FOOD/SUGAR OXYGEN HORMONES

GIRDLING Definition – Removing bark from a tree; fluid leaks out. Why is fluid sweet? Cutting phloem that transports sap (food). End result – Tree dies.

GIRDLING

HOW DOES XYLEM WORK? Successive Osmosis – Water flows high to low Soil root hairs epidermis cortex xylem

HOW DOES XYLEM WORK? Cohesion of water molecules – Water is “sticky”

HOW DOES XYLEM WORK? Transpiration – Leaves “sweat” water which pulls water up xylem tube. More than 90% of water absorbed is lost by leaves. Ex. Tomato plant loses 25 gallons of water per season; corn plant loses 51 gallons.

HOW DOES XYLEM WORK? Turgor presure – Weight of soil pushes down on roots and squeezes water up.

Monocot or Dicot? Dicot Monocot

Monocot or Dicot? Dicot

DICOT ROOT 1 - Epidermis 2 - Cortex Where would root hairs be? How would you know where the starch is?