Phases of Matter Video on States of Matter

Phases of Matter

Video on States of Matter

Questions 1 • What is the fourth state of matter? • Which of the states of matter has fixed volume? • Which of the states of matter has no structure? • Which is most abundant? • What does the word gas mean? Why is it fitting to call it gas?

Questions 2 • What benefits are derived from understanding the fourth state of matter? • What are the many forms of solid water? • What are the different guises of gaseous water? • How does liquid water become gas? • What term is used to describe gaseous water turning into liquid?

Phases of Matter molecular structure of a solid molecular structure of a gas molecular structure of a liquid

Shape

Volume & Compressibility

Surface

Distances between molecules

Which is most likely oxygen gas? A B C

Which is most likely liquid water? A B C

Motion of molecules

Forces between molecules

With heat

With heat

Summary of the Kinetic Molecular Theory • All matter (solid, liquid, and gas) is made up of tiny particles called atoms, or atoms that are joined to form molecules. • These particles are in constant motion. • Molecular motion is random.

Summary of the Kinetic Molecular Theory • Particles in motion possess kinetic energy. • Their motion increase as they gain energy. • There is an exchange (transfer) of energy between particles (atoms and molecules) during a collision between them.

Summary of the Kinetic Molecular Theory • Particles (molecules) in gases do not exert large forces on each other, unless they are in collision with each other. • Collisions between these particles are perfectly elastic.

Summary of the Kinetic Molecular Theory • The average kinetic energy of the particles depends only on the temperature of the system.