Opportunities for ISPs q Internet access market growth

Opportunities for ISPs q Internet access market growth – Penetration is still low – Large areas are still underserved – New applications, corporate and personal, require more and more bandwidth q Standardization is slow, but “All over IP” reigns q Economy grows => demand grows q “Entry costs” became lower for ISPs 16

Restraining factors q Wireless Access needs spectrum, which is not uniformly allocated all over the world – Wi. MAX Forum (and vendors) have been focused on 3. 5 GHz band for fixed and 2. 5 GHz mobile Wi. MAX profiles – Very often 3. 5 GHz is densely occupied by incumbent carriers, VSAT links, etc. – Cost of 2. 3 -2. 7 GHz spectrum is too high – most mobile carriers already there q Performance is usually far less than in adverts q “Cost per new subscriber” restricts massive rollout of “public” access services 17

ISP Challenges q Different markets = different strategies q “Broadband for everyone”: – Low “entry cost” for end-user – Quick, plug-n-play installation – Low monthly fees for low-speed (<1 Mbps) – Dense coverage required as most of the users are willing to use indoor/window antenna or even portable device 18

WISP Challenges q “Broadband for business”: – High speed both in uplink and downlink • >2 Mbps is typical, without oversubscription • Site-to-Site VPN is primary service, not just internet access – – Low delay for voice and videoconferencing Quality service for multiple users (Qo. S everywhere) High reliability, link redundancy Coverage can be sparse but range should be long enough – most of the users are fixed and can use rooftop antenna 19

WISP Challenges q Applications that require specific features: – Video Surveillance • 2 Mbps per camera, mostly only upstream – Rapid deployment communication systems • Topology-independent network required – Public Safety & Corporate Security applications • All the above, plus extra network robustness and security 20

Wi. MAX, pre-Wi. MAX, 3 G, MESH what’s the difference? q Wi. MAX – a global standard for interoperability between wireless access devices, based on IEEE 802. 16 d-2004 (fixed) and 802. 16 e-2005 (mobile) standard q Current status: – Frequency bands available: 2. 3 -2. 5 GHz, 3. 4 -3. 6 GHz, 5 GHz (not certified yet) – Note: NO REAL INTEROPERABILITY yet 21

Wi. MAX technology highlights q OFDM 256 (or higher), adaptive coding/modulation (BPSK to QAM 64) q OFDMA and sub-channelization help to “pull up” uplink coverage (while usually offering less bandwidth per single CPE) q Flexible spectrum usage – channel sizes from 1. 75 to 10 MHz, with high tolerance to self-interference q Fast scheduling to optimize downlink q MIMO (and “smart antenna”) support in the standard (but not widely available yet) q Mutual BS-CPE authentication with X. 509 public key q Real throughput (capacity): – Downstream: 5. . 25 Mbps per BS sector – Upstream: 1. . 3 Mbps (mobile), 2. . 10 Mbps (fixed) 22

Wi. MAX technology restrictions q Typical (best case) RTT (station-to-server) is ~80 ms, worst case delay is >100 ms in a normal operating conditions – still better than in “traditional” GSM/CDMA mobile networks – Too big for Vo. IP within site-to-site VPN even if both users are in the same network – Fractional E 1 (or other TDM) services over Wi. MAX will require extra dejitter buffer/echo cancellation circuits (typ. jitter is >20 ms) 23

Wi. MAX technology restrictions q Coverage radius is much less than expected: – 1. . 2 km - indoor/NLOS subscribers at 2. 5 GHz band –typical mobile case – 7. . 20 km – fixed, external high-gain antenna CPE in LOS conditions q Subscriber density issues – high-density coverage is required for mobile/indoor users, high capacity is needed for fixed/business users 24

Proprietary Wireless Access technologies q Wide choice of spectrum – 900 MHz, 2. 3, 2. 4, 2. 5 -2. 7, 3. 5, 4. 9, 5. 1 -6. 4 GHz – 5/10/20 MHz typical channel sizes q OFDM 64 modulation, often auto BPSK to QAM 64 q Some pre-Wi. MAX systems support Qo. S in wireless q BS sector capacity is sometimes MORE than Wi. MAX – 15. . 30 Mbps LOS, 2. . 7 Mbps NLOS, depending on freq band q Coverage area is less, but still can be compared to fixed Wi. MAX case q Mobility is supported in MESH systems, while traditional MESH performance is much less than mobile Wi. MAX could offer q No interoperability between different vendors q Lower BS price 25

The Choice q Fixed and mobile Wi. MAX are DIFFERENT in technologies used, BS coverage and capacity and, therefore, in rollout costs q Wi. MAX idea is “Personal Broadband” – hundreds of home-users per BS q Some myths are still exist – that (pre-Wi. MAX) system could be used for IP-TV broadcast or even large-scale Video-on-Demand delivery q ISP should consider offering services to businesses and home-users as TWO different tasks, as the whole network infrastructure shall be different 26

Infi. Net Wireless Strategy q Single platform approach – Sky. MAN NG – – Pre-Wi. MAX multipoint Fixed Wi. MAX Mobile/nomadic MESH Backhaul q Qo. S support q Topology-independent network q Modular, All-IP based design q Rich networking feature set 27

Infi. MAX High-speed fixed access system (802. 16 d-2004 -compliant) q 5 GHz freq band is supported – enables smooth transition to Wi. MAX for existing license holders without replacing the whole 5 GHz passive equipment and applying for a new 2. 5/3. 5 GHz license q Channel sizes of 5 and 7 MHz allow better frequency reuse while offering high capacity (real throughput of 1215 Mbps per sector) q High output power (+43 d. Bm typical EIRP) q Ideal quality of Voice transmission over Wi. MAX – using proprietary extensions to overcome 80 ms delay issues q Built-in Router, VLAN Switch, Vo. IP and E 1 gateways q Modular design – no costly “BS Controllers” 28

Infi. MAN Topology-free fixed access system q Channel sizes of 5/10/20 Mhz across 900 MHz, 2. 3, 2. 4, 2. 5 -2. 7, 3. 5, 4. 9, 5. 1 -6. 4 GHz bands q Typical sector capacity of >20 Mbps (up to 34 Mbps) q High output power (+43 d. Bm typical EIRP) q 7 to 35 km typical coverage radius q Transparent Qo. S support at Layer 2 -Layer 3 -Layer 4 throughout Sky. MAN network, including Infi. MAX and 3 -rd party Qo. S tags q Vo. IP-aware. Can automatically recognize and serve as top-priority most of interactive and delay-critical applications q Each unit, even indoor CPE, has built-in Router and VLAN Switch, Vo. IP and E 1 gateways are offered as options q Dual- and single-radio modular design for BS and repeater units 29

Infi. LINK high-capacity aggregated backhaul q Channel sizes of 5/10/20 Mhz across 900 MHz, 2. 3, 2. 4, 2. 5 -2. 7, 3. 5, q q q q 4. 9, 5. 1 -6. 4 GHz bands Aggregated link throughput of 60 Mbps High output power (+27 d. Bm mean output) Up to 70 km range Transparent Qo. S support at Layer 2 -Layer 3 -Layer 4 throughout Sky. MAN network, including Infi. MAX and 3 -rd party Qo. S tags 10/100 Ethernet, 2 x. E 1/Ethernet and 4 x. E 1/Ethernet interface options Low delay and jitter (<8 ms) Dual- and single-radio modular design for BS and repeater units 30

Infi. SAFE Mobile and Nomadic MESH q q Topology-independent, self-organizing MESH network Available in 900 MHz, 2. 3, 2. 4, 2. 5 -2. 7, 3. 5, 4. 9, 5. 1 -6. 4 GHz versions Channel-size is automatically selected – 5/10/20 MHz Special applications including fixed and mobile video surveillance, Vo. IP and video conferencing q Seamless mobility and multi-frequency roaming q Transparent Qo. S support at Layer 2 -Layer 3 -Layer 4 throughout Sky. MAN network, including Infi. MAX and 3 -rd party Qo. S tags q Single-, dual- and quad-radio modular design for BS and repeater units eliminates extra delays and bandwidth losses at each MESH node 31

Sky. MAN NG: factors to consider üSpectrum availability at licensed/unlicensed bands üSubscriber density and coverage area size üDemand for bandwidth demand üBackbone capacity üMobility üServices to be offered =Overall Solution Cost 32

Sky. MAN NG Case 1: City-wide ISP network for home and So. Ho users Expected density: >100 users per BS Services offered: Internet access (oversubscribed), Vo. IP, low-speed VPN – all below 1 Mbps Solution: 1) Access network – Infi. MAX or Infi. MAN, depending on overall estimated BS/CPE qty; Typical mix of indoor/outdoor subscriber units: 1: 10 2) Backhaul – Infi. LINK redundant links with integrated antennas Case 2: ISP network for VPN and high-speed internet access, provisioning for small ISPs Expected subscriber density: sparse, long distance to BS Expected capacity: 2. . 4 Mbps per user (per building) Additional Services: Corporate Vo. IP within the network, high-speed symmetrical VPN – all above 2 Mbps Solution: Access network – Infi. MAN, with repeaters. CPE unit – outdoor, with integrated antenna Backhaul – Infi. LINK redundant and aggregated links, fiber/metro Ethernet where possible, SDH if link capacity is still not enough 33

Sky. MAN NG Case 3: VPN connectivity in underserved area Expected density: <10 customer sites in total Distances: 10 to 50 km Services offered: Share central cite VSAT Internet uplink, corporate Vo. IP, high-speed VPN, video surveillance from remote sites (Vo. D from remote DVRs) Solution: Infi. MAN and Infi. LINK-based corporate wireless network, depending on topology, LOS conditions and overall capacity required CPE unit: high-power device with external high-gain antenna Case 4: Rapid deployment security and video surveillance for a closed area (large construction site, oil field, etc. ) Expected mobile unit density: medium-sparse Coverage area: small (<10 km) Expected capacity: 2. . 4 Mbps per mobile unit, 2 Mbps per fixed hi-res PTZ video camera Additional Services: Vo. IP between cars, 3 rd-party devices support (in-car laptop/phone, Wi. Fi tracking sensors) Solution: MESH network – Infi. SAFE, with fixed and mobile repeaters Mobile unit: dual-radio Infi. SAFE device to ensure quick relaying and seamless hand-off No dedicated backhaul – MESH network should be planned with some extra capacity 34

Conclusion q Wi. MAX or other wireless technologies do require careful RF, capacity and cost structure planning q Spectrum costs and applicability should be considered – for example, 5 GHz Wi. MAX is not intended to be “mobile” 35

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