New York Police Academy College Point New York

New York Police Academy College Point, New York John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Introduction Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information Presentation Plan John M. Scavelli The Pennsylvania State University Architectural Engineering Mechanical Option Master of Architectural Engineering Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Thesis Advisor: Dr. William Bahnfleth New York Police Academy College Point, New York John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Introduction Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs Presentation Plan John M. Scavelli The Pennsylvania State University Architectural Engineering Mechanical Option Master of Architectural Engineering Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Thesis Advisor: Dr. William Bahnfleth New York Police Academy College Point, New York John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Introduction Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis Presentation Plan John M. Scavelli The Pennsylvania State University Architectural Engineering Mechanical Option Master of Architectural Engineering Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Thesis Advisor: Dr. William Bahnfleth New York Police Academy College Point, New York John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Introduction Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation Presentation Plan John M. Scavelli The Pennsylvania State University Architectural Engineering Mechanical Option Master of Architectural Engineering Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Thesis Advisor: Dr. William Bahnfleth New York Police Academy College Point, New York John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Building Location Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Location College Point, New York North Eastern Part of the United States of America Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Building Location Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option NYPA Manhattan The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Location College Point, New York Close Proximity to Manhattan, NY Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Building Location Presentation Outline Location College Point, New York v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Building Statistics Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option v. Occupant: New York Police Department v. Architect: Perkins + Will v. Site Size: 2, 400, 000 SF v. Building Size: 840, 400 SF v. Overall Cost: $656, 000 The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. East Campus: Academic/Office Space v 375, 405 SF v. West Campus: Physical Fitness/ Central Plant v 465, 000 SF v. Architecture: Modern w/ Strong Geometric Forms Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

General Information Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option General Electrical Information General Construction Information v. Turner Construction Company and STV Inc. will lead as joint General Contractors. v. Electrical Engineers: WSP Flack + Kurtz v. New York Department of Design and Construction will be responsible for overseeing the progression of the project. v 460/265 V 3 -Phase High Voltage system stepped down to 120/208 V 3 -Phase Low Voltage System General Mechanical Information General Structural Information v. Structural Engineers : Robert Silman Associates v. Mechanical Engineers: WSP Flack + Kurtz v. Steel Super Structure The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Centralized Heating and Cooling Plant System Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Mechanical Systems Overview Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option West Campus East Campus v. Ventilation Needs v 63 Air Handling Units-3, 000 -30, 000 CFM v 18 -Central Plant v 26 -West Campus v 19 -East Campus v. Central Plant-Heating and Cooling v 6 - 1350 Ton Electric Centrifugal Chillers v 2 Installed for future expansion v 6 - Induced Draft Cooling Towers Central Plant The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v 3 Installed for future expansion v 5 -25110 MBH Natural Gas Water Tube Boilers v 2 Installed for Future expansion Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Mechanical Systems Overview Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Ventilation Needs v 63 Air Handling Units-3, 000 -30, 000 CFM v 18 -Central Plant v 26 -West Campus v 19 -East Campus v. Central Plant-Heating and Cooling v 6 - 1350 Ton Electric Centrifugal Chillers v 2 Installed for future expansion v 6 - Induced Draft Cooling Towers v 3 Installed for future expansion v 5 -25110 MBH Natural Gas Water Tube Boilers v 2 Installed for Future expansion Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Mechanical Systems Overview Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Ventilation Needs v 63 Air Handling Units-3, 000 -30, 000 CFM v 18 -Central Plant v 26 -West Campus v 19 -East Campus v. Central Plant-Heating and Cooling v 6 - 1350 Ton Electric Centrifugal Chillers v 2 Installed for future expansion v 6 - Induced Draft Cooling Towers v 3 Installed for future expansion v 5 -25110 MBH Natural Gas Water Tube Boilers v 2 Installed for Future expansion Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

East Campus Building Loads Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v The East Campus was chosen as the specific building of study. v. East and West Campus essentially two separate buildings v 375, 405 SF v. TRANE Trace 700 Used v. Location: La. Guardia Airport (1. 6 miles from NYPA) v. Block Load Analysis v 52 Zones Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option East Campus Energy Consumption The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v The East Campus was chosen as the specific building of study. v. East and West Campus essentially two separate buildings v 375, 405 SF v. TRANE Trace 700 Used v. Location: La. Guardia Airport (1. 6 miles from NYPA) v. Block Load Analysis v 52 Zones Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

East Campus Energy Utility Costs Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v The East Campus was chosen as the specific building of study. v. East and West Campus essentially two separate buildings v 375, 405 SF v. TRANE Trace 700 Used v. Location: La. Guardia Airport (1. 6 miles from NYPA) v. Block Load Analysis v 52 Zones Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Alternative Design Proposal Mechanical Depth: East Campus Ground Source Heat Pump System Electrical Breadth: Photovoltaic System Construction Management Breadth: GSHP Cost, Labor, Schedule Impact John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Mechanical Depth Proposal Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 GSHP Major Discussion Topics v. Justification v. System Schematics v. Ground Source Heat Pump Loop Sizing v. Energy Modeling v. Utility Cost Comparison Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

GSHP System Justification Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option GSHP Major Discussion Topics v. Justification v. Reduce Size of Central Plant yet keep ability for future expansion for West Campus. v. East Campus will not be expanded upon. v. System Schematics v. High Electricity Costs in New York v. Reduce Energy Consumption v. Therefore, reduce utility costs and emissions v. Energy Modeling v. Ground Source Heat Pump Loop Sizing v. Utility Cost Comparison v. New Construction Project v. Large enough site for well field The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

GSHP System Schematics Presentation Outline Original Central Plant Design v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 GSHP Major Discussion Topics v. Justification v. System Schematics v. Ground Source Heat Pump Loop Sizing v. Energy Modeling v. Utility Cost Comparison Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

GSHP System Schematics Presentation Outline Original Central Plant Design GSHP Design v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 GSHP Major Discussion Topics v. Justification v. System Schematics v. Ground Source Heat Pump Loop Sizing v. Energy Modeling v. Utility Cost Comparison Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

GSHP Loop Sizing Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option GSHP Major Discussion Topics v. Justification v. System Schematics v. Ground Source Heat Pump Loop Sizing v. Energy Modeling v. Calculated using ASHRAE’s Handbook: HVAC Applications (Chapter 32) v. Largest length required would be for cooling: 299, 183 ft. v. Cost Optimization of Loop Size( will be discussed under CM Breadth) The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Utility Cost Comparison Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Energy Modeling GSHP Design Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 GSHP Major Discussion Topics v. Justification v. System Schematics v. Ground Source Heat Pump Loop Sizing v. Energy Modeling v. Utility Cost Comparison Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Utility Cost Comparison GSHP Design Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option GSHP Major Discussion Topics v. Justification v. System Schematics v. Ground Source Heat Pump Loop Sizing v. Energy Modeling v 17% Annual Utility Savings v. Electricity + Natural Gas v. Annual Savings: $171, 147 v. Utility Cost Comparison v. Life Cycle Analysis will be evaluated after construction (first) costs are established The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Utility Cost Comparison GSHP Design Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation Mechanical Option v. Justification v. System Schematics v. Ground Source Heat Pump Loop Sizing v. Energy Modeling v 17% Annual Utility Savings v. Electricity + Natural Gas v. Annual Savings: $171, 147 $ $ John M. Scavelli GSHP Major Discussion Topics $ v. Utility Cost Comparison v. Life Cycle Analysis will be evaluated after construction (first) costs are established The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Alternative Design Proposal Mechanical Depth: East Campus Ground Source Heat Pump System Electrical Breadth: Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis Construction Management Breadth: GSHP Cost, Labor, Schedule Impact John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Electrical Breadth Proposal Photovoltaic Array on West Campus Roof Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics Mechanical Option v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis Prior to PV Array The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Electrical Breadth Proposal Photovoltaic Array on West Campus Roof Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics Mechanical Option v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen W/ PV Array v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis Prior to PV Array The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Array Size Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Electrical Characteristics Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Economic Analysis Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option v 5% of Electricity v 0. 2% Increase in Cost The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Economic Analysis v. Array Placement Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Economic Analysis v. Array Placement Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Alternative Design Proposal Mechanical Depth: East Campus Ground Source Heat Pump System Electrical Breadth: Photovoltaic System Construction Discussion Topics v. Length Optimization v. Construction Cost v. Life Cycle Cost Analysis Construction Management Breadth: GSHP Cost, Labor, Schedule Impact John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Length Optimization v. Length Optimization Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Construction Discussion Topics Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Construction Cost v. Life Cycle Cost Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Length Optimization v. Length Optimization Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Construction Discussion Topics Mechanical Option v. Construction Cost Provides over 100% of Heating Load The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Life Cycle Cost Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Length Optimization v. Length Optimization Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Construction Discussion Topics Mechanical Option v. Construction Cost Unused Capacity Provides over 100% of Heating Load Under Capacity The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Life Cycle Cost Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Length Optimization v. Length Optimization Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Construction Discussion Topics Mechanical Option v. Construction Cost Optimum Cost Unused Capacity Under Capacity v. Life Cycle Cost Analysis Supplement with/ Cooling Tower The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Construction Cost v. Length Optimization Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Construction Discussion Topics Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Construction Cost v. Life Cycle Cost Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

GSHP Life Cycle Cost Analysis v. Length Optimization Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Construction Discussion Topics Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Construction Cost v. Life Cycle Cost Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

The Final Analysis v. Yearly Cost Analysis: GSHP + PV System Mechanical Depth: East Campus Ground Source Heat Pump System v Life Cycle Cost Analysis: GSHP + PV System v. Pros vs. Cons Electrical Breadth: Photovoltaic System v. Final Recommendations Construction Management Breadth: GSHP Cost, Labor, Schedule Impact John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Yearly Cost Analysis: GSHP + PV System Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Final Analysis v. Yearly Cost Analysis: GSHP + PV System v Life Cycle Cost Analysis: GSHP + PV System v. Pros vs. Cons v. Final Recommendations Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Life Cycle Cost Analysis Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Final Analysis v. Yearly Cost Analysis: GSHP + PV System v Life Cycle Cost Analysis: GSHP + PV System v. Pros vs. Cons v. Final Recommendations Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Pros vs. Cons Sustainable Landmark Building Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation Reduced Utility Costs Reduced Emissions Pros Eliminate Natural Gas Consumption Final Analysis Ground Temp Increase in First Costs Decrease Electricity Demand v. Yearly Cost Analysis: GSHP + PV System Construction Difficulty Cons v Final Recommendations v. GSHP Implementation: Affirmative v Life Cycle Cost Analysis: GSHP + PV System v. Pros vs. Cons v. Final Recommendations v. Photovoltaic Implementation: Affirmative John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Thank You for Listening Special Thanks to: Turner Construction Company Penn State Architectural Engineering Faculty, Staff, and Students John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

New York Police Academy College Point, New York Questions? John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

New York Police Academy College Point, New York Appendix John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Well Field Layout GSHP Design Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 GSHP Major Discussion Topics v. Justification v. System Schematics v. Ground Source Heat Pump Loop Sizing v. Well Field Layout v. Energy Modeling v. Utility Cost Comparison Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Well Field Layout GSHP Design Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 GSHP Major Discussion Topics v. Justification v. System Schematics v. Ground Source Heat Pump Loop Sizing v. Well Field Layout v. Energy Modeling v. Utility Cost Comparison Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Well Field Layout GSHP Design Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v 214 Wells v. Depth 350’ v. Two Loops per well Row 1 2 3 Manifold 1 Total: 4 5 6 Manifold 2 Total: 7 8 9 10 Manifold 3 Total: Well Field Layout # of Wells 20 20 20 60 22 22 22 66 22 22 88 Capacity 9. 3% 28% 10. 3% 31% 10. 3% 41% Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Array Placement v. Array Placement Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Electrical Schematic v. Array Placement Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Panel and Mounting System v. Array Placement Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics Mechanical Option v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Sharp NU Series 185 W Panels v. Economic Analysis v. Solion Sun. Mount System The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Economic Analysis v. Array Placement Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

Economic Analysis v. Array Placement Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

CFD Analysis v. Array Placement Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation 0 meters Mechanical Option 20 meters v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen 5 meters 30 meters v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis 10 meters John M. Scavelli Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics 0 meters The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student

CFD Analysis v. Array Placement Presentation Outline v Introduction Location, Statistics, General Information v Actual Mechanical Design System, Loads, Utility Costs v Alternative Design Mechanical Depth: GSHP Electrical Breadth: PV Array Construction Breadth: Cost Analysis v The Final Analysis Integration of Depths & Breadths Final Recommendation John M. Scavelli Photovoltaic System Discussion Topics Mechanical Option The Pennsylvania State University: Department of Architectural Engineering Senior Thesis 2010 -2011 v. Array Size v. Panel Chosen, Mounting System Chosen v. Electrical Characteristics v. Strings, Inverter, Switchgear v. Economic Analysis Master/Bachelor of Architectural Engineering Student