National Nanotechnology Initiative NNI Neeraj Nagpal CS 691

National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) Neeraj Nagpal CS 691 - Introduction to Nanotechnology 1 Western Michigan University Department of Computer Science

Presentation Overview n n n 2 Introduction Interesting facts about Nanotechnology Potential effects of Nanotechnology Right tools in the wrong hands Future Quake to rock political globe when… Conclusion

Introduction 3 http: //www. nano. gov/

Participants: NSET Members n About the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC). n 4 President Clinton established the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) by Executive Order on November 23, 1993. This cabinet-level council is the principal mean for the President to coordinate science, space and technology policies across the Federal Government. http: //www. nano. gov/nsetmem. htm

NSTC Council n n Chair: Members: The President. The Vice President. n Assistant to the President for Science and Technology. n Cabinet Secretaries. n Agency Heads with significant S&T responsibilities. n Other White House officials. n 5 http: //www. nano. gov/nsetmem. htm

NSTC's Subcommittee on Nanoscale Science, Engineering and Technology (NSET) n Chair: M. C. Roco, NSF n Executive Secretary: J. S. Murday, NRL n To obtain additional information regarding the NSTC http: //www. whitehouse. gov/WH/EOP/OSTP/NSTC/ 6 http: //www. nano. gov/nsetmem. htm

Participants: Departments and Independent Agencies n Department of Agriculture (USDA) Department of Treasury (DOTreas) Department of Commerce (DOC) National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Department of Defense (DOD) n National Institutes of Health (NIH) n n 7 http: //www. nano. gov/dept. htm

Participants: Departments and Independent Agencies (Cont. ) n n n n 8 Department of Energy (DOE) Department of Justice (DOJ) Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) National Science Foundation (NSF) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) http: //www. nano. gov/dept. htm

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) n n 9 Key player in a major multiagency Nanotechnology Initiative to create new private and public sector R&D infrastructure to tackle the challenges and opportunities of Nanotechnology. fields as chemistry, physics, materials science, electronics, biotechnology, medicine, and engineering. http: //www. nist. gov/nanotech/

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) (Cont. ) n 10 NIST will provide the new measurements, standards, and data needed to turn fundamental Nanotechnology discoveries into new technologies, products and services broadly affecting our economy and our lives. http: //www. nist. gov/nanotech/

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) (Cont. ) n NIST measurement and standards R&D in support of the National Nanotechnology Initiative will include development of: n New atomic scale measurements n New nanoscale manufacturing technologies n 11 New standard methods, data, and materials http: //www. nist. gov/nanotech/

Department of Defense (DOD) n 12 Strategic Research Area: n To achieve dramatic, innovative enhancements in the properties and performance of structures, materials, and devices that have controllable features on the nanometer scale. n The ability to affordably fabricate structures at the nanometer scale will enable new approaches and processes for manufacturing novel, more reliable, lower cost, higher performance and more flexible electronic, magnetic, optical, and mechanical devices. http: //www. nanosra. nrl. navy. mil/

22 nd Century "Nano. Jet" Fighter n 13 This digital image composite of an F/A-18 C Hornet flying over the nanometer-scale topography of an aluminum antimonide crystal surface evokes the potential of nanoscience and technology to transform future weapons systems critical to our national defense. http: //www. nanosra. nrl. navy. mil/

Scanning Tunneling Microscopy 14 http: //stm 2. nrl. navy. mil/~lwhitman/stm. html

Recognized Applications of Nanoscience in DOD n n n 15 Ultra small, highly parallel, computers with multiteraflop speed Image information processors, e. g. , extraction and recognition Low-power personal and autonomous communication and computation devices Catalysts for enhancing and controlling energetic reactions Designer materials with combinations of properties that do not currently exist http: //www. nanosra. nrl. navy. mil/

NASA web sites related to Nanotechnology 16 n Nanotechnology R&D Results http: //www. ipt. arc. nasa. gov/gallery. html n Nanotechnology Publications http: //www. ipt. arc. nasa. gov/publicationslis t 2. html#Nanotechnology n NASA JSC Nanotube Carbon Project http: //mmptdpublic. jsc. nasa. gov/jscnano/ http: //www. nano. gov/nasa. htm

Activities n Solicitations for Proposals n Program Reviews n NNI Symposia 17 http: //www. nano. gov/activities. htm

Information on education n Examples of Courses on Nanoscale Science and Engineering Offered in U. S. Universities Advanced Quantum Devices, University of Notre Dame n Nanorobotics, South California University n Nano-scale Physics, Clemson University n Introduction to Nanotechnology, Western Michigan UNiversity n 18 http: //www. nano. gov/courses. htm

Information on education (Cont. ) n 19 For Kids: n Nanoworld for Kids. n Book: Exploring the Nanoworld, by G. C. Lisensky et. al. http: //www. nano. gov/kids. htm

Exploring the Nanoworld n Nanoworld Cineplex http: //www. mrsec. wisc. edu/edetc/cineplex/inde x. html n 20 LEGO® Bricks http: //www. mrsec. wisc. edu/edetc/LEGO/index. html http: //www. mrsec. wisc. edu/edetc/index. html

Information on R & D: U. S. Centers n 21 Six Nanoscale Science and Engineering Centers funded in September 2001 n Integrated Nanopatterning and Detection Technologies n Nanoscale Systems in Information Technologies n Science of Nanoscale Systems and their Device Applications n Electronic Transport in Molecular Nanostructures n Nanoscience in Biological and Environmental Engineering n Directed Assembly of Nanostructures http: //www. nano. gov/centers. htm

INFORMATION ON R&D: NANO Database n Nanotechnology Database for Laboratories, Facilities, Industry and Education. n 22 Provides information on Nanotechnology in the following areas: major research centers, funding agencies, major reports and books. http: //www. wtec. org/loyola/nanobase/

INFORMATION ON R&D: Industry Links n 23 Regional Nanotechnology Alliances n Nanotechnology Alliance in Southern California n Nanotechnology Institute - Ben Franklin Partners, Pennsylvania n Nano. Business Alliance n New Mexico Nanoscience Alliance n Texas Nanotechnology Initiative http: //www. nano. gov/industry. htm

INFORMATION ON R&D: International Links n International links from Asia, Australia, Europe, Cross-continents. n Interesting websites: 24 n EU Funding Opportunities: Nanotechnology Research Area. n UK Non-profit: The Institute of Nanotechnology. http: //www. nano. gov/intlinks. htm

INFORMATION ON R&D: Publications n The Journal of Nanoparticle Research An International Forum for Nanoscale Science and Technology: n Virtual Journal of Nanoscience and Technology n Biomedical Microdevices (Bio. MEMS and Medical Nanotechnology) 25 http: //www. nano. gov/pubs. htm

Interesting facts about Nanotechnology 26 http: //www. ipt. arc. nasa. gov/gallery. html

Interesting facts about Nanotechnology (Cont. ) 27 http: //www. ipt. arc. nasa. gov/gallery. html

Interesting facts about Nanotechnology (Cont. ) n 28 When will Nanotechnology arrive? n arrival of the first "Universal. Assembler" that has the ability to build with single atoms. n 8 -15 years. n Zyvex says 5 -10 years. http: //www. nanozine. com/WHATNANO. HTM

Potential effects of Nanotechnology n n Nanomachines. New generation of Computer Components. n n n 29 Storage devices capable of storing trillions of bytes of information. Biggest impact on the Medical Industry. Positive effect on the Environment. http: //www. howstuffworks. com/nanotechnology 2. htm

Potential effects of Nanotechnology (cont. ) n Population Growth. n n 30 Nanotechnology would obviate a lot of these problems like clean water, transportation, job availability, etc. Forget all those closed-circuit TV cameras and taps on your telephone lines; someday your dust will be watching you. http: //www. cla. sc. edu/THSP/faculty/berube/prolong. htm

Potential effects of Nanotechnology (cont. ) n n n 31 One third of the alcohol consumed in the United States is manufactured illegally. Nanotechnology will make possible the creation of a never-ending variety of new drugs. Falsification of identification is going to be simple with Nanotechnology. Counterfeiting money would be a trivial task for Nanotechnology. Blowing up airplanes is a favorite terrorist activity. Nanotechnology will make it easier. http: //www. eskimo. com/~whitznd/Burt_stuff/nano_dark. htm

Right Tools in the Wrong Hands n 32 As with Computers, Nanotechnology and programmable assemblers could become ordinary household objects. n Attack of the Killer Nanobots? n Nano-sized surveillance devices? n Robots will evolve greater intelligence than humans? . http: //www. cnet. com/specialreports/0 -6014 -7 -818767. html

Future Quake to Rock Political Globe When. . . n n 33 …Any country with a "nano" assembler and the appropriate software can make any consumer good. …Oil becomes practically worthless. . Diamond is synthesized by the ton per minute for building material and gold can be mined cheaply from the sea. . illegal contraband can be made in the home from the same machine providing lunch and a cappuccino. http: //www. nanozine. com/NANOECON. HTM

Conclusion n National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI). n Nanotechnology is likely to change the way almost everything -- from vaccines to computers to automobile tires to objects not yet imagined -- is designed and made. n What will we do when AI systems can think faster than humans? 34

Thank You for your time. 35

Questions? 36