Motivation Applications Jos Onofre Montesa Andrs Universidad Politcnica

Motivation: Applications José Onofre Montesa Andrés Universidad Politécnica de Valencia Escuela Superior de Informática Aplicada 2003 -2004 Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications

Objetivos a ver • • Administración por objetivos Solución de problemas en cinco pasos Programas de compromiso Círculos de calidad • Como aplicar la teoría de la motivación, es decir que se puede hacer para motivar a las personas. Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 1

Management by objectives • Based on Goal-setting theory. • Participative set goals that are tangible, verifiable and measurables. • Using goals to motivate people instead of control them. • Four ingredients common to MBO programs: – – Goals specificity Participative decision making Explicit time period Performance feedback. Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 2

Management by objectives Objetivos generales de la organización Objetivos de la División Objetivos del Departamento Objetivos personales Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 3

Management by objectives • Concise statement of expected accomplishments • Example: – “We will provide a good maintenance” – “Errors must be take out before one month after being detected” Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 4

Management by objectives • Based on goal setting theory, then: – Goals must be: • Hard goals result in higher level of performance. • Perceived as feasible. • Specific goals and feedback. – Said that assigning goals frequently works just as well, • But induce individuals to establish more difficult goals Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 5

Employee recognition programs. • “Recognition can be a potent motivator” • Based on the reinforcement theory, – Use of positive reinforcement when: • Good job, project on time, . . . – You can: • Congratulate (public or private), celebrate team success. Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 6

Employee involvement programs • A participative process that uses the entire capacity of employees and is designed to encourage increased commitment to the organization’s success. • decisions, autonomy, and control over their work lives. ÞBecome more motivated, committed to the organization, productive and satisfied • Examples of participation – – Participative management, Representative participation Quality circles Employee stock ownership plans Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 7

Participative management • A process where subordinates share a significant degree of decisions-making power with their immediate superiors • Require That: – Employees: • Issues in which employees must have interest. • Must have ability to participate (intelligence, technical knowledge, communication skills) – Organization culture must support employee involvement. Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 8

Participative management • Positive: – Increases de commitment to decisions, People are less likely to undermine a decision at the time of is implementation if they shared in making that decision. – Provides intrinsic rewards. – Jobs are more interesting and meaningful. • Carefully – Participation has modest influence on productivity, motivation y satisfaction. Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 9

Representative participation • Workers participate in organizational decision making though a small group of representative employees. • Redistribute power within organization labor, managers, stockholders. • Work councils and broad representatives, … Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 10

Quality circles • A work group of employees who meet regularly to discuss their quality problems, investigate causes, recommend solutions and take corrective actions • 8 to 10 employees and supervisors in the same area. • Meets ones a week • Management has the last world. • Teaching participants in communication skills , quality strategies, problem analysis techniques… • Productivity; ~ satisfaction Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 11

Quality circles Problem identification Problem selection Decision Problem review Solutions reviewed Recommended solutions Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 12

Employee stock ownership plans • Company-established benefit plans in which employees acquire stock as part of their benefits • Usually can not take physical possession of their shares • satisfaction, Productivity • Employees need to psychologically experience ownership. . . • Microsoft is an example Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 13

Variable-Pay programs • A portion of an employee’s pay is based on some individual and/or organizational measure of performance. • • – – Price-rate plans Bonuses Profit sharing plans Gainsharing. Fixed labor cost -> Variable cost Based on the expectance theory. Programas de paga variable Does variable pay work? – Yes Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 14

Skill-based pay plans • Alternative to job title. • Pay levels are base on how many skills employees have or loc many jobs they can do. • Flexibility. • Performance improvement and satisfaction Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 15

Flexible benefits • Employees tailor their benefit program to meet their personal needs by picking and choosing from a menu of benefit options. – Vacation options, savings, life insurance, . . . Gpi. IC-1 C Motivation: Applications 16