More Macromolecules Proteins and Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids
- Slides: 18
More Macromolecules Proteins and Nucleic Acids
Nucleic Acids • DNA, RNA • Instructions for building proteins • Transmit genetic info from one generation to the next
Nucleotides • Sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base – Purine (A, G) two rings – Pyrimidine (C, T) one ring • Held together with phosphodiester linkages b/w sugar and phosphate
DNA Double Helix • Anti-parallel strands • Complimentary strands – 3` 5` • 3 nucleotides =codon • Codon amino acid
Proteins • “You are a constellation of your proteins” • >50% dry mass of most cells • Catalysts, structure, storage transport cellular communication, defense
Amino Acids= monomer • Amino group, carboxyl group, R group • Acidic (-), basic (+), neutral • R groups interact to give protein shape
Polypeptides= polymer • Peptide bonds • N terminus, C terminus
Protein structure • Polypeptides are linear, proteins are 3 D • Structure function – Antibodies, enzymes, receptor proteins • Four levels of structure
Primary Structure • Determined by genetic code
Secondary Structure • Held together by H-bonds – α helix – Β pleated sheet
Tertiary Structure • Interactions between R groups, environment – Hydrophobic interactions – Disulfide bridges
Quaternary Strucuture • Interactions between polypeptide chains
Changes to primary structure
Changes to tertiary structure • Denaturation • Heat, solvents, p. H • Hydrophobic interactions reverse, H-bonds break • Reversible
Protein Folding • Chaperonin
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- Precipitation of proteins by strong mineral acids
- Amino acids are joined together in proteins by
- Alloburinol
- Composition of nucleic acids
- What is an anticodon
- Building block of nucleic acids
- Polymer structure of nucleic acids
- Nucleic acid function
- Nucleic acid made up of
- Pentose sugar in rna
- Biologically important nucleotides
- What stores hereditary information
- Function of nucleic acids
- Food that rich in nucleic acid
- Nucleic acids
- Features of nucleic acid
- Micromolecules and macromolecules