Heat Island Reduction Research 15 40 50 60

熱島效應及其改善措施 Heat Island Reduction Research

(15 -40℃) (50 -60℃) (65 -85℃)

反照率Albedo

反照率提高 0. 1，舖面 溫度約降低 4℃ ~ 5℃ Dependence of Pavement Surface Temperature on Albedo

都市地表面熱平衡方程式 a：表面反照率(Surface Albedo) 地表面 可感熱通量 I：表面總入射輻射量(Total Solar Radiation) 長波輻射量 Sensible Heat Flux Qa：人造熱源(Anthropogenic Heat Flux) e ：表面發射率(Emissivity of the Surface) s：Stefan-Boltzmann Constant(5. 67 x 10� 8 w/m 2 k 4) Ts：表面溫度(Surface Temperature) hc：熱對流係數(Convection Coefficient) Ta：氣溫(Air Temperature) l. E：蒸發散潛熱 (Latent Heat Flux) G：地面熱通量(Ground Heat Flux)

抗車轍能力與鋪面溫度之關係 Source: Dr. John Harvey, UC B Civil Engineering, Inst. Transpo. Studies

Demonstrating Cool Colors to California Governor Arnold Schwarzenneger, 1 June 2005

Roof before treatment, thermometer reads 178 -degree Fahrenheit at the roof surface on a hot summer afternoon. After a cool roof was installed, there was a dramatic decrease in roof air temperature. Pictures courtesy Hydro-Stop, Inc.

綠屋頂 Green Roof

參考網站 l USEPA, Heat Island Effect, http: //www. epa. gov/hiri/index. html l Heat Island Group, http: //eetd. lbl. gov/Heat. Island/Pavements l USDOE, Urban Heat Islands, http: //www. eere. energy. gov/EE/buildings_urban. html l Houston Urban Heat Island Effect, http: //www. harc. edu/Projects/Cool. Houston

參考網站(cont’d) l The Cool Colors Project http: //coolcolors. lbl. gov l National Center of Excellence on SMART Innovations for Urban Climate and Energy http: //www. asusmart. com/index. html l Concrete Thinker http: //www. concretethinker. com/Index. aspx l Cool Communities http: //www. coolcommunities. org