Chapter 20 Tobacco Chapter 20 1 Vocabulary Addictive

Chapter 20 Tobacco

Chapter 20. 1 Vocabulary • Addictive drug – a substance that causes physiological or psychological dependence • Nicotine – the addictive drug found in tobacco leaves • Stimulate – a drug that increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs • Carcinogen – a cancer-causing substance

20. 1 Vocabulary • Tar – a thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco burns • Carbon monoxide – A colorless, odorless and poisonous gas released by burning tobacco • Smokeless tobacco – tobacco that is sniffed through the nose, held in the mouth, or chewed • Leukoplakia – thickened white, leathery -looking spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop into oral cancer

Chapter 20. 2 Vocabulary • Nicotine Withdrawal – the process that occurs in the body when nicotine, and addictive drug, is no longer used • Nicotine substitutes – products that deliver small amounts of nicotine into the user’s system while he or she is trying to give up the tobacco habit • Tobacco cessation program – a course that provides information and help to people who want to stop using tobacco

Chapter 20. 3 Vocabulary • Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) – secondhand smoke, is air that has been contaminated by tobacco smoke • Mainstream smoke – smoke exhaled from the lungs of a smoker • Sidestream smoke – the smoke from the burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar • Healthy People – a nationwide health promotion and disease prevention plan designed to serve as a guide for improving the health of all people in the United States

Warm Up – Reasons people start and quit using tobacco Start Quit Reason 1 Reason 2 Reason 3 Reason 4

Warmup Consequences Tobacco Use Consequences

Warm Up • Get with your groups and talk out any thing that your group needs

Warm-up • What are some harmful effects of smoking tobacco products or consequences to using tobacco products? Think of effects other than lung cancer.

Warm-up • What is your “Truth” concerning tobacco? Think of the commercials that you have seen concerning tobacco. If you could create a commercial what would it be?

Warm up • List some short-term effects of tobacco use and some long-term effects of tobacco use Short term effects Long term effects

Tobacco: Hazardous and Addictive Communicating Effectively: Communicating with Smokers • To protect themselves from cigarette smoke, nonsmokers need to learn how to communicate effectively with smokers about maintaining a smoke-free environment. How would you respond to each of the following situations? • Lara was walking down the hall at school when she caught a whiff of cigarette smoke. She followed the smell and saw a younger student snuffing out a cigarette inside her locker. What would you do if you were Lara and why? • Juan drove up to a self-service gas station and noticed that the woman at the pump next to him was smoking as she pumped gas into her car. What would you do if you were Juan? Why? • Cheryl’s aunt is in the hospital recovering from kidney surgery. While Cheryl is visiting, her aunt’s hospital roommate lights up a cigarette. Cheryl doesn’t think smoking is permitted in her aunt’s room, and she knows smoke makes her aunt uncomfortable. What would you do if you were Cheryl?

20. 1 The Health Risks of Tobacco Use • Illnesses caused by smoking kill 434, 000 Americans every year • Cigarette smoking is considered the most avoidable cause of death in the US • The death rate from heart disease is 70% higher for smokers than for non-smokers and over 80% of lung cancer cases are caused by smoking • Tobacco smoke also creates a health hazard for all those around the smoker who rely on the same air supply • About 90% of adult smokers started as teenagers

20. 1 Health Risks of Tobacco Use • Tobacco contains more than 4, 000 chemicals and more than 401 are poisonous • Three of the most poisonous chemicals in tobacco smoke are tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide • Nicotine the psychoactive chemical in tobacco • Nicotine is very addictive • Nicotine is a stimulant • If a person quits smoking he will go through physical withdrawal. Those symptoms include • Irritability, headache, restlessness, and anxiety • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Hlc. IKek. Eldg

20. 1 The Effect of Nicotine • When a person smokes the nicotine travels to the brain through the bloodstream • The effects of nicotine include: increased heart beat, increased blood pressure, feel more alert and energetic • Effects on the brain – restricts oxygen flow and cause a narrowing of the blood vessels in the brain • Effects on the lungs – introduces cancercausing agents directly to lung tissue • Effects on the heart – increases heart rate and blood pressure and constricts the blood vessels • Effects on the bladder – cancer of the bladder • Effects on the stomach – cause ulcers

20. 1 Health Risks of Tobacco Use • Poisonous Substances in Tobacco Smoke • Tobacco is a carcinogen or a cancer causing substance • Tar – when these tiny particles enter the lungs, they condense and form a sticky coating on the bronchial tubes • Bronchial tubes are lined with cilia, which beat back and sweep away agents that cause disease • When cilia is damaged they can’t do their job, so they can’t fight off respiratory diseases • Tar damages air sacs, which absorb oxygen and rid the body of carbon dioxide

20. 1 Health Risks of Tobacco Use • Carbon Monoxide – An extremely dangerous gas released when a cigarette is burned • Absorbed more easily than oxygen • Deprives the body’s tissue and cells of oxygen • Increase the risk of high blood pressure, heart disease, hardening of the arteries, and other circulatory problems • Carbon monoxide interferes with the blood’s ability to carry oxygen • Causes problems breathing

20. 1 Pipes, Cigars, and Smokeless Tobacco • Cigars contain significantly more nicotine and produce more tar and carbon monoxide than cigarettes • One cigar contain as much nicotine as an entire pack of 20 cigarettes • Smokeless tobacco comes in two forms which are chewing tobacco and snuff • Both are chewed then mix with saliva and are absorbed into the bloodstream • Once in the bloodstream the nicotine travels to the brain • Both cause cancer of the mouth and throat, larynx, esophagus, stomach, and pancreas • Chewing tobacco can also lead to cancer of the tongue, cheek, and gums

20. 1 Reasons Mothers Shouldn’t Smoke • There is a greater risk of miscarriage • The baby might be born too early • The baby might have a low birth weight or other serious health problems • The baby might have a slow growth rate • There is a greater risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) • There is a greater risk that the child will develop a respiratory illness • The baby might receive nicotine from the mother’s milk • The baby could develop learning difficulties

20. 1 Harmful Effects of Tobacco Use Short-Term Effects of Tobacco Problem Brain Chemistry Changes Body crave more, so user may experience withdrawal such as headaches, nervousness, and trembling as soon as 30 mins after the last tobacco use Respiration and heart rate increase Breathing during physical activity become difficult and endurance is decreased. Nicotine may cause an irregular heart rate Taste buds are dulled and appetite is reduced Users have bad breath, yellowed teeth, and smelly hair, skin, and clothes Users often lose much of their ability to enjoy food If use continues for any length of time, these unattractive effects can become permanent

20. 1 Harmful Effects of Tobacco Use • Long-Term Effects • People who smoke are at risk for developing smoking-related diseases • Lung Cancer – tobacco is a major cause of several types of cancer • One major type of cancer is lung cancer • Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths for both American men and women and the 2 nd most common type of cancer for both • Nearly 90% of lung cancer deaths are caused by smoking • May cause hardened arteries, cancer of the bladder, and tooth decay

20. 1 Harmful Effects of Tobacco Use • Chronic bronchitis is a respiratory disease • Chronic bronchitis occur when the cilia in the bronchi become so damaged they are useless. Leads to build up of tar in the lungs, causing chronic coughing and excessive mucus secretion • emphysema is a respiratory disease • Emphysema is a disease that destroys the tiny air sacs in the lungs; therefore, causes a person to be short of breath. Person may need an oxygen tent • Coronary heart disease and stroke is caused by nicotine. It constricts the blood vessels, which cuts down blood flow to the body’s limbs • Nicotine increases heart rate and blood pressure, and carbon monoxide makes the circulatory system work very hard to deliver oxygen to the cells • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Em. Flee. Fj 8 F 0

20. 1 Other Consequences of Tobacco Use • Cost to society • Tobacco related illnesses cost the U. S about $167 billion each year • Productivity suffers when smokers call in sick • Cost to individuals • A person smoking one pack of cigarettes a day will spend about $3, 561 a year on the habit • Legal consequences • Selling tobacco products to individuals under the age of 18 is illegal. Using tobacco on school property may lead to suspension or expulsion

Assignment: Persuasive Writing Individual Work • Considering what you already know about tobacco use, write a letter expressing your feelings to a close friend or relative who has begun using tobacco. Persuade the person to stop using tobacco. Give them several reasons that they should quit. Give at least 4 reasons a person should stop using tobacco.

Warm Up • What are some benefits to living tobacco or smoke free?

Warm-up Long Term Tobacco Use • Effects Short Term Tobacco Use • • Effects

20. 2 Choosing to Live Tobacco-Free • The number of nonsmokers in the U. S. including teens, is on the rise • Why Some Teens Use Tobacco • Some falsely believe that smoking will help control their weight or cope with stress • Influence by movies, TV, and advertisements • Media images portray tobacco use as glamorous • The truth is • Smoking reduces the body’s capacity for physical activity and the nicotine dependency may increase the tobacco users stress level

20. 2 Reduced Tobacco Use Among Teens • More teens are avoiding tobacco products • CDC report that 89% of high school teens do not smoke • Tobacco legislation – in 1998 tobacco companies and 46 states reached a legal settlement that restricts tobacco advertising aimed at young people • No-smoking policies – limited smoking in public places and businesses • Family values – Teens whose parents avoid tobacco use are more likely to avoid it • Positive peer pressure – Teens who don’t smoke act as healthy role models • Health risks – More teens understand the risks

20. 2 Benefits of Living Tobacco-Free • Reasons Not to Use Tobacco • Less stress • Strategies for Avoiding Tobacco • Surround yourself with positive influences. The influence of friends can help you make the decision not to use tobacco • Reduce peer pressure by staying away from situations where tobacco may be used • Using tobacco is an expensive, smelly, and an unattractive habit • Be prepared with refusal skills by practicing what you will say if approached with tobacco Four Good Reasons to Avoid Tobacco 1. It’s dangerous 2. It’s expensive 3. It leaves an unpleasant odor 4. It’s unattractive

20. 2 Quitting Smoking • Avoid smoking altogether and you won’t have to worry about the health risks • Reasons for quitting tobacco use • Teens begin to have health problems, such as asthma, coughing, or respiratory infections • They realize the high cost of tobacco • They realize that using tobacco can lead to other risky behaviors such as the use of alcohol and other drugs • They understand the damaging effects of secondhand smoke • They feel more powerful because they are not controlled by an addiction to nicotine • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=d. VLt. Ng. Ah. PRg

20. 2 Getting Help to Quit Tobacco Use • Strategies to help you quit • • Set a quitting date Decide your approach – “cold turkey” or gradually Prepare your environment – throw away ashtrays Get help if you need it • Make sure your circle know what you are trying to do so they can support you • Contact the American Lung Association or the American Cancer Society for information about cessation programs designed for teens • Enroll in a tobacco cessation program • Replace tobacco use with healthy behaviors • • Regular exercise Take long walks Sugarless gum Good nutrition

20. 3 Promoting a Smoke-Free Environment • Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) or secondhand smoke is air contaminated by tobacco smoke • Mainstream smoke passes through the tobacco and filter when the smoker inhales • Side-stream smoke rises from the cigarette during the time the smoker is not inhaling • Almost 75% of the smoke that comes from a burning cigarette is side-stream smoke • Side-stream smoke enters the environment and affects anybody who happens to be around • A person who inhales the side-stream smoke of a cigarette is a passive smoker • Side-stream smoke contains twice as much tar and nicotine, and three times as much carbon monoxide as a mainstream smoke

20. 3 Health Risks of Tobacco Smoke • Health Risks to Nonsmokers • Secondhand smoke causes about 3, 000 deaths from lung cancer every year • ETS causes eye irritation, headaches, ear infections, and coughing in people of all ages • It worsens asthma and other respiratory problems • Increases the risk of coronary disease • Health Risks to Unborn Children and Infants • Nicotine passes through the placenta, constricting the blood vessels of the fetus • Carbon monoxide reduces the oxygen levels in the blood of the mother and fetus • Increase impaired fetal growth, spontaneous miscarriage, and prenatal death, premature delivery, low birth weight, deformities, and stillbirths

20. 3 Health Risks of Tobacco Smoke • Health Risks to Young Children • Young children are sensitive to ETS • Children of smokers tend to have a higher incidence of sore throats, ear infections, and upper respiratory problems • Secondhand smoke can slow lung development. Children who live with smokers are more likely to have weaker lungs • Also children learn by example!

20. 3 Reducing Your Risks • Encourage family members to quit • Establish smoke-free areas in the house make a rule that smokers go outside • Use air cleaners in the house • Open windows to allow fresh air in

20. 3 Creating a Smoke-Free Society • In the US efforts to create a smoke-free society continue to grow • The health effects of tobacco use, and the cost of health-related illnesses are some reasons for this movement • Advertisements aimed at young people encourage them not to smoke • Public service announcements encourage parents not to smoke near children

20. 3 Supporting National Health Goals • One goal of Healthy People 2010 is to reduce tobacco use and the number of tobacco-related deaths • States and local communities are trying to create a smoke-free society • Laws prohibiting the sale of tobacco to minors have been enacted • States have sued tobacco companies to recover the costs of treating tobacco-related illnesses and used the money for anti-smoking campaigns • According to the US Surgeon General the only way to fully protect people from ETS is to prohibit smoking in public places • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=BEI 6 w. Qu-4 IY

20. 3 Graph Test • How many users of tobacco believe that smokers have more friends than nonsmokers?

Questions • ? ?

Anti Smoking Commercial • You all will make your own truth commercials. Your commercial must show the effects of smoking tobacco. • You may use printer paper, do skits, make songs, develop anything to promote a smoke free environment. • You must be clear that we are talking about tobacco also that we advocate for healthy living • • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=3 bk. Zy. BNn. Cvo https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=zuh 2 w 2 s. FRMI https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=GXSp. JXyo. EZM https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=9 k. KN 8_aa 38 A

Assignment: Bulletin Boards about Smoking • Cooperative Learning Cards • You will be given a card and you will complete side A and B of that card • You and a partner will develop “Bulletin Boards” presentations and Truth Commercials • Read the directions on your card. You may use your smart phones or one of the computers in the class to research information on tobacco use and to look up pictures or ads to add to your bulletin board. • Your board, rap, song, commercial must include • reasons a person should quit • Images to encourage people to quit and to encourage a healthy environment • Health risks of smoking • Be creative! • Strategies to quit smoking and resources that can help

Web Activity: Handout • Read the passage from the handout and answer the questions on the back of your handout. Following the 5 questions you have a real life issue situation that you should read and complete the written assignment.