Monarch A King or a queen Trustee A

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Monarch A King or a queen {

Monarch A King or a queen {

Trustee { A person who holds responsibilities for others

Trustee { A person who holds responsibilities for others

Indentured Servant Person who agreed to work for someone else for 4 -7 years

Indentured Servant Person who agreed to work for someone else for 4 -7 years in exchange for passage to the New World. {

Slave People who had few rights and spent their lives in servitude {

Slave People who had few rights and spent their lives in servitude {

Colony A group of people who settle in a new land but keep ties

Colony A group of people who settle in a new land but keep ties to their homeland. {

Charter { A legal document that grants special rights and privileges

Charter { A legal document that grants special rights and privileges

Militia A citizen’s army {

Militia A citizen’s army {

 The Founding of Georgia { The 13 th Colony

The Founding of Georgia { The 13 th Colony

THOUGHT QUESTION Do we have a responsibility to take care of others? Does it

THOUGHT QUESTION Do we have a responsibility to take care of others? Does it make a difference if they don’t help themselves?

Gin Lane 3 2 1

Gin Lane 3 2 1

Beer Street 2 3 1

Beer Street 2 3 1

James Oglethorpe Considered to be the founder of Georgia. Member of the British Parliament

James Oglethorpe Considered to be the founder of Georgia. Member of the British Parliament Wanted to reform British prisons.

Why did English prisons need reform? Unemployment was severe in England People owed money

Why did English prisons need reform? Unemployment was severe in England People owed money - debts Debtors (and their families) put in prison Horrible prison conditions

James Oglethorpe wanted to help because his friend, Robert Castell, died of smallpox in

James Oglethorpe wanted to help because his friend, Robert Castell, died of smallpox in prison. Castell had been sent to prison because he could not pay his debts.

James Oglethorpe wanted to help the worthy poor-people who were poor but would work

James Oglethorpe wanted to help the worthy poor-people who were poor but would work hard to build farms and businesses.

King George II King of England when Georgia was founded. He named one colony

King George II King of England when Georgia was founded. He named one colony “Carolina” after his dominating wife Caroline. It was later divided into North Carolina and South Carolina. His only son, Frederick, died in 1750. Thus, his young grandson, George III, became king when he died. George III lost the American colonies in 1783.

King George II was interested in defending his colonies and making more money through

King George II was interested in defending his colonies and making more money through mercantilism.

King George II & The Charter of 1732 Georgia was created by a charter-

King George II & The Charter of 1732 Georgia was created by a charter- written permission from the King to settle land Georgia named after King George II

King George II & The Charter of 1732 Remember: a colony is a settlement

King George II & The Charter of 1732 Remember: a colony is a settlement in a new land but still has ties to the home country. Charter signed June 20, 1732 Charter set up boundaries & limited power of officials

Georgia’s Boundaries Ø Ø Ø Georgia was in between the Altamaha and Savannah River.

Georgia’s Boundaries Ø Ø Ø Georgia was in between the Altamaha and Savannah River. Continues to the west coast (California). Boundaries: North: Savannah R South: Altamaha R East: Atlantic Ocean West: Pacific Ocean

Georgia’s three purposes 1. Philanthropy – Get rid of poverty and unemployment- another word

Georgia’s three purposes 1. Philanthropy – Get rid of poverty and unemployment- another word for it is Charity 2. Economics – Increase Britain's trade and wealth-Wanted to plant Mulberry trees to make silk to send back to England to make fancy clothes 3. Defense – Georgia would be a buffer colony to protect South Carolina from attack by the Spanish in Florida.

Unofficial Purpose Religion – Home for Protestants being persecuted in England Catholics were not

Unofficial Purpose Religion – Home for Protestants being persecuted in England Catholics were not allowed. H 8 3 Q

The Charter of 1732 The document that formally established the colony of Georgia; outlines

The Charter of 1732 The document that formally established the colony of Georgia; outlines the reasons for Georgia’s founding and the regulations set up by the trustees.

The Charter of 1732 Georgia began as a Trustee Colony Trustees were appointed by

The Charter of 1732 Georgia began as a Trustee Colony Trustees were appointed by the King to govern the colony for him. Oglethorpe and 20 other British gentlemen would run the colony for 21 years (21 for 21)

The Charter of 1732 Rules for the Trustees v v v They would not

The Charter of 1732 Rules for the Trustees v v v They would not be paid They could not receive any of the land in Georgia They could not hold public office

Oglethorpe’s Plan to keep Georgia as a Model Society. Ø Banned Slavery (thought it

Oglethorpe’s Plan to keep Georgia as a Model Society. Ø Banned Slavery (thought it would make colonists lazy. ) Ø Banned Liquor/Rum (beer and wine were ok, even for children, because of unhealthy water quality. Again, the fear was that hard liquor would make colonists lazy. ) Ø Did not allow lawyers or Catholics Ø Largest farms could only be 500 acres

Economics WRIST Crops- Wine, Rice, Indigo, Silk, Tobacco

Economics WRIST Crops- Wine, Rice, Indigo, Silk, Tobacco

Oglethorpe’s Plan to keep Georgia as a Model Society. Incentives for the colonists: 50

Oglethorpe’s Plan to keep Georgia as a Model Society. Incentives for the colonists: 50 to 500 acres of land Ø Tools and seed for one year Ø One year’s supply of food Ø 35 families selected No debtors selected

Oglethorpe’s Plan to keep Georgia as a Model Society. Ø Ø Colonists were required

Oglethorpe’s Plan to keep Georgia as a Model Society. Ø Ø Colonists were required to defend the colony. Colonists had to grow mulberry trees (for silkworms). Ø Colonists could not sell their land. Ø Land could not be passed to female heirs. Ø They had to obey all of the Trustee’s rules. 3 Q

Arrival of The Ann The First Colonists sailed to Georgia on Nov 1732, Oglethorpe

Arrival of The Ann The First Colonists sailed to Georgia on Nov 1732, Oglethorpe and 114 settlers sail on the ship the Ann (also spelled Anne) February 12, 1733 ---Colonists arrived at Yamacraw Bluff and met the Yamacraw Indians who lived there.

Arrival of The Ann The First Colonists sailed to Georgia on Nov 1732, Oglethorpe

Arrival of The Ann The First Colonists sailed to Georgia on Nov 1732, Oglethorpe and 114 settlers sail on the ship the Ann (also spelled Anne) In the end, no debtors were selected to come. Selected were farmers, carpenters, tailors, bakers, merchants and trade people.

Arrival of The Ann Looking at the document: What were some of the occupations

Arrival of The Ann Looking at the document: What were some of the occupations of the first settlers of Georgia? Why did the Trustees specifically choose some of these worker skills to settle Savannah? What happened to many of the first settlers within a few years of their arrival? What reasons can you think of that might have led to their fates? Why do you think there were many more settlers for whom the Trustees paid their way in comparison to those who paid their own way?

Tomochichi Chief of the Yamacraw Indians Ø Welcomed Oglethorpe and English Ø Allowed them

Tomochichi Chief of the Yamacraw Indians Ø Welcomed Oglethorpe and English Ø Allowed them to build town-Indians wanted to trade with English Ø Wouldn’t have to travel to South Carolina to trade Ø

Tomochichi http: //www. todayingeorgiahistory. org/content/tomochichi

Tomochichi http: //www. todayingeorgiahistory. org/content/tomochichi

MARY MUSGROVE One of the most important people in Georgia History Ø She was

MARY MUSGROVE One of the most important people in Georgia History Ø She was half Indian(mother)/half English(father) Ø She served as translator for Chief Tomochichi & Oglethorpe Ø Georgia colony built near John & Mary Musgrove’s trading post Ø Return

Oglethorpe and Tomochichi Ø Ø Tomochichi and several Indian representatives journeyed to England with

Oglethorpe and Tomochichi Ø Ø Tomochichi and several Indian representatives journeyed to England with Oglethorpe to meet George II. They made a very good impression on the English. Goodwill visit. http: //www. todayingeorgiahistory. org/content/georgia-indians-england Return

Oglethorpe and Tomochichi Return

Oglethorpe and Tomochichi Return

Georgia’s First Settlement Ø Settlement was named Savannah after the river. Ø Located on

Georgia’s First Settlement Ø Settlement was named Savannah after the river. Ø Located on Yamacraw Bluff Ø It was laid out in a series of squares Ø It was the first planned city in America Ø First capital of Georgia

Disease and Hardship Ø Heat and disease hurt the colonists Ø Caught dysentery from

Disease and Hardship Ø Heat and disease hurt the colonists Ø Caught dysentery from the Savannah River Ø The only Doctor died two months after the colony started (April of 1733) Ø first year, 25% of the colonists died from the hardships http: //www. gpb. org/georgiastories/story/expectations_versus_reality

Others allowed into the Georgia Colony Peaceful and hard working The Salzburgers German-speaking Protestants

Others allowed into the Georgia Colony Peaceful and hard working The Salzburgers German-speaking Protestants from Austria George II felt sorry for them because they were being persecuted by Catholics Allowed them to come to colony Strictly anti-slavery and loyal to the Trustees Only ones to make silk production successful

Others allowed into the Georgia Colony The Highland Scots Brought by James Oglethorpe Reputation

Others allowed into the Georgia Colony The Highland Scots Brought by James Oglethorpe Reputation for being some of the best soldiers in the world. Given land near the abandoned Fort King George. Created the town of Darien. Anti-slavery Valued hard work Fought for the colony against the Spanish in the Battle of Bloody Marsh. http: //www. gpb. org/georgiastories/scottish_highlanders

Others allowed into the Georgia Colony Portuguese Jews Oglethorpe allowed them in after the

Others allowed into the Georgia Colony Portuguese Jews Oglethorpe allowed them in after the colony’s doctor died. One was a doctor who was given credit for saving the colony.

Problems start The Malcontents As soon as colonists arrived, some started complaining about the

Problems start The Malcontents As soon as colonists arrived, some started complaining about the Trustee rules. Many of these “Malcontents” had paid their own way. They were angry about the limits on Land rights Rum Slavery In 1751, the Trustees changed the rules on land slavery.

Was the colony a success? 1. Philanthropy – Get rid of poverty and unemployment

Was the colony a success? 1. Philanthropy – Get rid of poverty and unemployment 2. Economics – Increase Britain's trade and wealth-Wanted to plant Mulberry trees to make silk to send back to England to make fancy clothes 3. Defense – Georgia would be a buffer colony to protect South Carolina from attack by the Spanish in Florida.

Philanthropy No debtors were ever brought to Georgia. Malcontents ended the rules that kept

Philanthropy No debtors were ever brought to Georgia. Malcontents ended the rules that kept farms small and also allowed slavery.

Economics WRIST Crops- Wine, Rice, Indigo, Silk, Tobacco None of the crops became a

Economics WRIST Crops- Wine, Rice, Indigo, Silk, Tobacco None of the crops became a major success during the colonial period.

Defense England declared war on Spain after the Battle of Jenkin’s Ear. Oglethorpe and

Defense England declared war on Spain after the Battle of Jenkin’s Ear. Oglethorpe and the colonists, with help from the Highland Scots, attacked St. Augustine, then retreated.

Defense The Spanish attacked St. Simon’s island, but were defeated at the Battle of

Defense The Spanish attacked St. Simon’s island, but were defeated at the Battle of Bloody Marsh.

Defense The Spanish gave up and moved farther south into Florida. They never threatened

Defense The Spanish gave up and moved farther south into Florida. They never threatened the colony again.

So, was the colony a success?

So, was the colony a success?

Philanthropy a F e r u l i

Philanthropy a F e r u l i

Economics F ailur e

Economics F ailur e

Defenses s e c c Su

Defenses s e c c Su

Oglethorpe returned to England in 1743 and never came back to the colony. He

Oglethorpe returned to England in 1743 and never came back to the colony. He married a rich heiress and settled down to a comfortable life. He had been a progressive leader because he had allowed Jews, Lutheran Salzburgers, and other persecuted religious minorities to live in the colony.

The Royal Period Trustees returned the colony to the King one year early. At

The Royal Period Trustees returned the colony to the King one year early. At this point, it became a Royal Colony like the other 12 colonies.

The Royal Period They had been frustrated over the Malcontents, lack of success with

The Royal Period They had been frustrated over the Malcontents, lack of success with growing silk and grapes for wine, and that the colony had not built an ideal society. Between 1752 to the end of the American Revolution, Georgia had 3 royal governors.

The Royal Period Courts Changes under the Royal Governors Ø The king appointed governors

The Royal Period Courts Changes under the Royal Governors Ø The king appointed governors to run Georgia for him and they answered only to him. Ø The court system was established

The Royal Period Self-government Changes under the Royal Governors Ø Royal Governors moved the

The Royal Period Self-government Changes under the Royal Governors Ø Royal Governors moved the colony toward more self-government.

The Royal Period Slaves Changes under the 3 Royal Governors Ø 1749 -Slaves were

The Royal Period Slaves Changes under the 3 Royal Governors Ø 1749 -Slaves were allowed in Georgia 1775 - 18, 000 slaves in Georgia

The Royal Period Slaves Changes under the Royal Governors Malcontents had complained from the

The Royal Period Slaves Changes under the Royal Governors Malcontents had complained from the start to get slaves. Main crops in Georgia required a large amount of labor. Remember- cotton was NOT an important crop in Georgia at this time.

The Royal Period Alcohol Changes under the Royal Governors Ø Rum was allowed in

The Royal Period Alcohol Changes under the Royal Governors Ø Rum was allowed in the colony

The Royal Period Land Changes under the Royal Governors Ø Land ownership rules were

The Royal Period Land Changes under the Royal Governors Ø Land ownership rules were relaxed. Women could inherit land. Ø Citizens could sell their land purchase more land. Ø Women could now inherit land.