Chapter 20 Cultural Diversity Copyright 2011 Delmar Cengage

Concepts of Culture • Culture – – – Blueprint for thinking and acting Learned

Concepts of Culture • Ethnicity and race – Cultural similarities – Biological similarities •

Concepts of Culture • Dominant values in U. S. : – – Achievement and

Concepts of Culture • Dominant values in U. S. : – Material comfort –

Multiculturalism in the U. S. • By 2050: – Hispanics will make up 25

Multiculturalism in the U. S. • Value of diversity – Provides new ideas, varying

Organizing Phenomena of Culture • Communication • Space • Orientation to time (continued) Copyright

Organizing Phenomena of Culture • Social organization – Family • Linear • Collateral •

Organizing Phenomena of Culture • Gender • Lifestyle • Religion Copyright © 2011 Delmar,

Cultural Disparities in Health and Health Care Delivery • Vulnerable populations: – Indigent –

Transcultural Nursing • Study of different cultures and subcultures with respect to cultural care,

Transcultural Nursing • Cultural competence – Providing nursing care appropriate to client’s cultural context

Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process • Elements required to provide culturally sensitive care:

Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process • Assessment – – – Ethnic heritage Family

Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process • Assessment – Educational experiences – Family patterns

Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process • Diagnosis – Some may be culturally biased

Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process • Planning and outcome identification – To develop

Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Major nursing interventions: • Self-awareness

Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process • Evaluation – Affirm client strengths and potential

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Concepts of Culture • Culture – – – Blueprint for thinking and acting Learned and taught Shared Social in nature Dynamic and adaptive (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Concepts of Culture • Ethnicity and race – Cultural similarities – Biological similarities • Labeling and stereotyping – Inaccurate assumptions – Leads to conflict between nurses and clients of different cultures (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Concepts of Culture • Dominant values in U. S. : – – Achievement and success Individualism, independence, and self-reliance Activity, work, and ownership Efficiency, practicality, and reliance on technology (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Multiculturalism in the U. S. • By 2050: – Hispanics will make up 25 percent of population • Value of diversity – Differences due to ethnic, racial, and cultural variables (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Multiculturalism in the U. S. • Value of diversity – Provides new ideas, varying perspectives, and tolerance – May cause splitting, ethnocentrism, and discrimination – Nurses must honor diversity while understanding client’s perception and significance (meaning) of event (illness) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Cultural Disparities in Health and Health Care Delivery • Vulnerable populations: – Indigent – Homeless • Environmental control • Folk medicine • Biologic variations Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Transcultural Nursing • Study of different cultures and subcultures with respect to cultural care, health beliefs, and practices • Goal: – Provide care within context of client’s culture (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Transcultural Nursing • Cultural competence – Providing nursing care appropriate to client’s cultural context – Requires knowledge about cultural values related to health and illness Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process • Elements required to provide culturally sensitive care: – – Self-reflection Facilitation of client choice Cultural knowledge Effective communication (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process • Assessment – – – Ethnic heritage Family Religious practices Food preferences Native language Social networks (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process • Assessment – Educational experiences – Family patterns of health care – Health care beliefs (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process • Diagnosis – Some may be culturally biased • • • Noncompliance Impaired verbal communication Impaired social interaction Deficient knowledge Disturbed thought processes Powerlessness (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process • Planning and outcome identification – To develop effective care plans, nurses need to understand cultural group’s perspectives on: • • Life processes How to maintain wellness Causes of illness Healers in cure and care of illness (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Cultural Competence and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Major nursing interventions: • Self-awareness • Use of nonjudgmental approach • Client education (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.