Chapter 30 Medication Administration Copyright 2011 Delmar Cengage

Drug Standards and Legislation • Standards: – – Ensure uniformity Predict effects United States

Drug Standards and Legislation • Federal legislation: – Pure Food and Drug Act of

Pharmacokinetics • • Absorption Distribution Metabolism Excretion Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL

Drug Nomenclature • Chemical name – Precise description of composition • Generic name –

Drug Action • Pharmacology – Medication management – Classification (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar,

Drug Action • Pharmacology – Preparation and route • • • Oral Parenteral Topical

Drug Interaction • Effect of one drug on another • Deliberate combining • Not

Side Effects and Adverse Reactions • Side effects – Mild – Predictable – Nontherapeutic

Side Effects and Adverse Reactions • Food and drug interactions – Drug effects on

Factors Influencing Drug Action • • • Genetics Age Height Weight Physical conditions Mental

Professional Roles in Medication Administration • Health care providers – – Orders Administration of

Professional Roles in Medication Administration • Types of orders: – – Stat Single-dose Standing

Systems of Weight and Measure • Metric • Apothecary • Household Copyright © 2011

Approximate Dose Equivalents • Converting units of weight and volume – Measurement conversions within

Safe Drug Administration • Guidelines for medication: – – – Right drug Right dose

Safe Drug Administration • Document: – Critical element – Only after client has taken

Safe Drug Administration • Drug abuse – Addiction • Physiological or psychological dependence on

Safe Drug Administration • Drug abuse – Dependence • Reliance on or need to

Medication Compliance • Compliance – Taking medication as prescribed – Improved through client understanding

Legal Aspects of Administering Medications • Questioning medication order – Responsible – Accountable •

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Assessment – Medical history – Drug history

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Assessment – – – Biographical data Cultural

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Diagnosis – NANDA statements • • •

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Planning and outcome identification – NOC for

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Assessment – Administration – Teaching

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Oral medication administration • Most

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Enteral medication administration • Delivery

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Parenteral medication administration • Routes

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Parenteral medication administration • Equipment

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Intradermal medication administration • •

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Subcutaneous medication administration • Purposes

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Intramuscular medication administration • Purposes

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Intravenous medication administration • Purposes

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Intravenous medication administration • Procedure

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Topical medication administration • •

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Evaluation – Ongoing responsibility of nurse •

Slides: 37

Download presentation

Drug Standards and Legislation • Standards: – – Ensure uniformity Predict effects United States Pharmacopeia (USP) National Formulary (NF) (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Drug Standards and Legislation • Federal legislation: – Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 • USP and NF establish drug standards • State and local legislation • Health care institution regulations Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Drug Nomenclature • Chemical name – Precise description of composition • Generic name – Given by U. S. Adopted Names Council • Trade or brand name – Given by pharmaceutical companies – Used during marketing Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Side Effects and Adverse Reactions • Side effects – Mild – Predictable – Nontherapeutic • Adverse reactions – Unexpected – Potentially hazardous (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Side Effects and Adverse Reactions • Food and drug interactions – Drug effects on nutritional status – Food effects on drug absorption – Food effects on drug utilization Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Professional Roles in Medication Administration • Health care providers – – Orders Administration of drugs Teaching Observation (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Approximate Dose Equivalents • Converting units of weight and volume – Measurement conversions within metric system – Measurement conversions between systems • Drug dose calculations – Pediatric dosages Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Safe Drug Administration • Document: – Critical element – Only after client has taken drug • Drug supply and storage – Unit dose form – Stock supplied drugs – Narcotics and controlled substances (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Compliance • Compliance – Taking medication as prescribed – Improved through client understanding • Noncompliance – Inconsistent use as prescribed – Self-adjusted dosing or scheduling Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Assessment – Medical history – Drug history • • Allergies Prescription drugs Over-the-counter drugs Complementary therapy – Herbal supplements (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Assessment – – – Biographical data Cultural diversity Lifestyle and beliefs Sensory and cognitive status Physical exam Diagnostic and laboratory data (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Diagnosis – NANDA statements • • • Deficient knowledge Ineffective health maintenance Impaired physical mobility Disturbed sensory perception Readiness for enhanced knowledge (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Planning and outcome identification – NOC for medication administration: • Knowledge – Medication • Medication response • Self-care – Nonparenteral medication (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Oral medication administration • Most common route – Gag reflex – Consciousness – Nausea or vomiting • Medication administration – Sublingual and buccal (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Enteral medication administration • Delivery through gastrointestinal tube • Equipment • Risk for aspiration (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Parenteral medication administration • Routes – – Intradermal Subcutaneous Intramuscular Intravenous (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Parenteral medication administration • Equipment – Syringes – Needles – Ampules and vials • Angle of injection (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Intradermal medication administration • • Purposes Slow absorption Small quantity of solution Procedure (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Subcutaneous medication administration • Purposes – Heparin – Insulin • Sites • Procedure (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Intramuscular medication administration • Purposes • Sites • Procedure – Z-track injection (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Intravenous medication administration • Procedure – – – Infusion pump Adding drugs to volume-control administration set Administering by intermittent infusion Intermittent infusion devices Administering intravenous push medications (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Implementation – Topical medication administration • • • Eye Ear Nasal Rectal Vaginal (continued) Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Medication Administration and the Nursing Process • Evaluation – Ongoing responsibility of nurse • Client’s response to medications • Changes in client’s condition • Client’s ability to self-manage Copyright © 2011 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.