CHAPTER 9 CULTURAL DIVERSITY CULTURE ETHNICITY AND RACE

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CHAPTER 9 CULTURAL DIVERSITY

CHAPTER 9 CULTURAL DIVERSITY

CULTURE, ETHNICITY, AND RACE • Health care workers are involved with many different people

CULTURE, ETHNICITY, AND RACE • Health care workers are involved with many different people • Respect individuality • Be aware of factors that cause each person to be unique • Influence is cultural/ethnic heritage

CULTURE • Culture- Values, beliefs, attitudes, language, symbols, rituals, behaviors, and customs unique to

CULTURE • Culture- Values, beliefs, attitudes, language, symbols, rituals, behaviors, and customs unique to a particular group of people • Passed from one generation to next • Often defined set of rules • Foundation of behavior, but variances (continues)

CULTURE • Culture is learned- does not just happen; it is taught • Culture

CULTURE • Culture is learned- does not just happen; it is taught • Culture is shared- common practices and beliefs are shared with others in a cultural group • Social in nature- individuals in the group understand appropriate behavior based on tradition that has been passed down from generations • Dynamic and constantly changing- new ideas may generate different standards for behavior

ETHNICITY • Classification of people based on national origin and/or culture • Share common

ETHNICITY • Classification of people based on national origin and/or culture • Share common heritage, geographic location, national origin, social customs, language, and beliefs • Common ethnic groups • Subgroups within larger ethnic groups

RACE • Based on physical or biological factors • • • Color of skin,

RACE • Based on physical or biological factors • • • Color of skin, hair, and eyes Facial features Blood types Bone structure Race cuts across multiple ethnic and cultural groups

CULTURAL DIVERSITY • Differences among people resulting from cultural, ethnic, and racial factors •

CULTURAL DIVERSITY • Differences among people resulting from cultural, ethnic, and racial factors • These differences influence a person’s behavior • Differences exist within ethnic/cultural groups • United States called a “melting pot, ” or is it more accurately a “salad bowl? ”

ACCULTURATION • Process of learning the beliefs and behaviors of a dominant culture and

ACCULTURATION • Process of learning the beliefs and behaviors of a dominant culture and assuming some of the characteristics • Every individual has unique blend of characteristics • Need to develop sensitivity to differences

BIAS, PREJUDICE, AND STEREOTYPING • Bias: preference or inclination that inhibits impartial judgment •

BIAS, PREJUDICE, AND STEREOTYPING • Bias: preference or inclination that inhibits impartial judgment • Prejudice: strong feelings or beliefs about a person or subject; pre-judging others without reviewing facts or information; often based on fear • Stereotyping: making the assumption that everyone in a group is the same (continues)

BIAS, PREJUDICE, AND STEREOTYPING • Creates barriers to relationships • Health care workers need

BIAS, PREJUDICE, AND STEREOTYPING • Creates barriers to relationships • Health care workers need to avoid feelings and assumptions • What are ways to avoid bias, prejudice, and stereotyping?

UNDERSTANDING CULTURAL DIVERSITY • Cultural and ethnic beliefs will affect behavior • Health care

UNDERSTANDING CULTURAL DIVERSITY • Cultural and ethnic beliefs will affect behavior • Health care worker needs to be aware of these beliefs to meet the physical, social, emotional, and mental needs of individuals: holistic care

UNDERSTANDING CULTURAL DIVERSITY (CONTINUED) • Family organization • Nuclear- mother, father, and children •

UNDERSTANDING CULTURAL DIVERSITY (CONTINUED) • Family organization • Nuclear- mother, father, and children • Extended- includes nuclear family plus grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins • Patriarchal versus matriarchal • Recognition and acceptance of family organization is essential in all aspects of the health care field (continues)

UNDERSTANDING CULTURAL DIVERSITY • • • Language Personal space and touch Eye contact Gestures

UNDERSTANDING CULTURAL DIVERSITY • • • Language Personal space and touch Eye contact Gestures Health care beliefs Spirituality and religion

RESPECT CULTURAL DIVERSITY • Regard each individual as unique • Everyone adopts beliefs and

RESPECT CULTURAL DIVERSITY • Regard each individual as unique • Everyone adopts beliefs and forms a pattern of behavior based on culture, ethnicity, race, life experiences, spirituality, and religion • Health care workers must learn to respect differences in individuals

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