CHAPTER 10 LYMPHATIC SYSTEM DISEASES AND DISORDERS Anatomy

CHAPTER 10 LYMPHATIC SYSTEM DISEASES AND DISORDERS

Anatomy and Physiology � Lymph vessels, ducts, and nodes � Protects body from infection � Filters bacterial and nonbacterial products � Prevents waste products from entering circulatory system 2

Anatomy and Physiology � Dependent on vascular system � Lymph is clear fluid 3

Anatomy and Physiology � Two divisions of lymph system �Left lymphatic duct also called thoracic duct �Right lymphatic duct drains lymph from head, upper torso, and right arm �Rest of body drains through left lymphatic duct 4

Anatomy and Physiology � Organs related to lymph system are tonsils, thymus gland, and spleen 5

Common Signs and Symptoms � Enlarged lymph glands or nodes, fever, fatigue, and weight loss � Most diseases of lymphatic system related to diseases of other systems � Lymphocytosis - increased WBCs � Lymphcytopenia - decreased WBCs 6

Diagnostic Tests � CBC with differential � Lymphangiography - X-ray of lymph system after dye injection � MRI � CT � Biopsy of lymph nodes 7

Common Diseases of the Lymphatic System � Lymphadenitis - inflammation of lymph glands characterized by swelling, pain, and tenderness 8

Common Diseases of the Lymphatic System � Lymphangiitis - swelling of the lymph vessels due to inflammation caused by strep infections following a trauma �Characterized by red streak at bacterial entry extending to area of lymph node 9

Common Diseases of the Lymphatic System � Lymphangiitis �Other symptoms: fever, chills, malaise, cellulitis �Treatment: antibiotics; warm, moist packs; and elevation of affected area 10

Common Diseases of the Lymphatic System � Lymphedema �Abnormal collection of lymph fluid in extremities �Diagnosis confirmed by lymphangiography �Treatment includes antibiotics or surgical intervention depending on cause 11

Common Diseases of the Lymphatic System � Lymphoma �Neoplasms affecting lymphoid tissue �Affects normal lymphocyte production leading to impaired immunity �Symptoms: night sweats, fever, weight loss �Treatment may include chemotherapy, radiation, bone marrow transplantation 12

Common Diseases of the Lymphatic System � Mononucleosis �Viral infection �Somewhat contagious �“Kissing disease” 13

Rare Diseases � Kawasaki Disease � Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome 14

Rare Diseases � Kawasaki Disease � Symptoms �Rash similar to scarlet fever �Edema of feet and hands �Lethargy, congestion 15

Rare Diseases � Kawasaki Disease � Symptoms �Irritability and fever �Dry skin �Red lips, tongue, and mucous membrane � Treatment is supportive 16