AUTOMOTIVE CHARGING SYSTEMS Teknik Kendaraan Ringan Semester 3

AUTOMOTIVE CHARGING SYSTEMS Teknik Kendaraan Ringan Semester 3 th Class XI Kompetensi Kejuruan SK-KD 18

DIAGRAM ALUR PENCAPAIAN KOMPETENSI

AUTOMOTIVE CHARGING SYSTEMS YOU WILL LEARN: 1. PURPOSE OF CHARGING SYSTEM 2. CHARGING SYSTEM PRINSIPLE 3. CHARGING SYSTEM COMPONENT 4. TYPICAL OF CHARGING SYSTEM 5. HOW CHARGING SYSTEM WORK 3

PURPOSE OF CHARGING SYSTEM v CONVERT MECHANICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY v RECHARGE BATTERY v PROVIDE POWER FOR ELECTRICAL ACCESSORIES v RESERVE POWER WHEN NEEDED 4

COMPONENTS OF CHARGING SYSTEM v BATTERY v ALTERNATOR v DRIVE BELT v VOLTAGE REGULATOR v CHARGE INDICATOR (LAMP OR GAUGE) 5

CHARGING SYSTEM PRINCIPLES Faraday’s Law When a conductor is driven in the magnetic fields, the induction currents will arise in the conductor 6

CHARGING SYSTEM PRINCIPLES RIGHT HAND FLEMING LAW When a conductor moved at magnet, the motive power will flow to the left 7

CHARGING SYSTEM PRINCIPLES TO HELP YOUR UNDERSTANDING LOOK THE VIDEO!!! 8

ALTERNATING CURRENT OPERATION 1. ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION TO PRODUCE ELECTRICAL POWER § VOLTAGE WILL BE PRODUCED IF MOTION BETWEEN A CONDUCTOR AND A MAGNETIC FIELD OCCURS. 2. AMOUNT OF VOLTAGE IS AFFECTED BY: § SPEED OF CONDUCTOR PASSING THROUGH FIELD § STRENGTH OF MAGNETIC FIELD § NUMBER OF CONDUCTORS PASSING THROUGH MAGNETIC FIELD 9

TYPICAL CHARGING SYSTEM 1. WITH MECHANICAL REGULATOR 10

TYPICAL CHARGING SYSTEM 2. WITH IC REGULATOR (COMPACT ALTERNATOR) 11

ALTERNATOR Alternator component: 1. Front housing (drive end) 2. Rear housing (com end) 3. Stator 4. Rotor 5. Regulator 6. Brushes 7. Rectifier assembly 8. Brush holder 12

ALTERNATOR 13

ALTERNATOR ROTOR a. COPPER WIRE WOUND AROUND A IRON CORE b. CURRENT PASSING THROUGH ROTOR CREATES A MAGNETIC FIELD c. MAGNETIC FIELDS PRODUCE A VOLTAGE BY INDUCTION IN STATOR WINDINGS 14

ALTERNATOR ROTOR FIELD CIRCUIT ü Controls alternator output ü Increased field current results in increased alternator output ü Two brushes provide connection to field coil 15

ALTERNATOR Stator Ø Three sets of windings around laminated core Ø Small gap between rotor and stator permits field circuit to energize windings of stator at the same time. 16

ALTERNATOR STATOR WINDING CONNECTIONS WYE DELTA 17 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

DIODE RECTIFIER Changes negative current into positive output Converts ac (alternating) volts to pulsing dc volts 3 positive biased diodes 3 negative biased diodes Number of poles on rotor and number of phases on stator will determine how smooth output is. 18 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

AC VOLTAGE EFFECT WITH DIODE OPERATION 19 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

STATOR CURRENT FLOW PHASE 1 A AND B POSITIVE 20 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

STATOR CURRENT PHASE 2 A AND C NEGATIVE 21 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

STATOR CURRENT PHASE 3 B AND C POSITIVE 22 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

HOW CHARGING SYSTEM WORK IGNITION “ ENGINE OFF 23 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

HOW CHARGING SYSTEM WORK ENGINE LOW SPEED 24 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

HOW CHARGING SYSTEM WORK ENGINE HIGH SPEED 25 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

HOW CHARGING SYSTEM WORK Alternator with neutral point dioda 26 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

HOW CHARGING SYSTEM WORK 27 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

REGULATOR 1. MECHANICAL REGULATOR (CONVENTIONAL TYPE) Consist of : Voltage regulator , for regulate a voltage Voltage relay, to turn off CHG (charging) lamp 28 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

REGULATOR 2. IC REGULATOR To regulate the voltage from alternator • Add On : IC installed outside of alternator • Built in : IC integrated with alternator 29 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

REGULATOR IC REGULATOR Advantage: • Short timing regulation • More resistant to vibration • Small size shape Disadvantage: Less resintant to high temperature and fluctuation voltage 30

IC REGULATOR PRINCIPLES WORK When the output voltage at terminal B low: FROM TOYOTA ASTRA MOTOR STEP 2 31 Output voltage can not pass ZD So that Tr 2 "Off" Output voltage to flow through the base resistor R Tr 1 and Tr 1 "On" Flow to the rotor coil through B - rotor coil - F Tr 1 (on) - E (mass) Teknologi dan Rekayasa

IC REGULATOR PRINCIPLES WORK When the output voltage at terminal B high: Output voltage can pass ZD so that Tr 2 "On" and Tr 1 "Off" Flow to the rotor coil is lost 32 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

CHARGING SYSTEM WITH IC DIAGRAM WORK IC regulator B type 33 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

CHARGING SYSTEM WITH IC DIAGRAM WORK Ignition Key “ON “ 34 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

CHARGING SYSTEM WITH IC DIAGRAM WORK Engine running and voltage less than 14, 7 volt at S terminal 35 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

CHARGING SYSTEM WITH IC DIAGRAM WORK Engine running and voltage more than 14, 7 volt at S terminal 36 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

CHARGING SYSTEM WITH IC DIAGRAM WORK ROTOR COIL DISCONNECT 37 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

CHARGING SYSTEM WITH IC DIAGRAM WORK Regulator MIC Type 38 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

CHARGING SYSTEM WITH IC DIAGRAM WORK Ignition Key “ON “ 39 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

CHARGING SYSTEM WITH IC DIAGRAM WORK Engine Running and Ouput Voltage Less than Standar Voltage 40 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

CHARGING SYSTEM WITH IC DIAGRAM WORK Engine Running and Output Voltage Reach Out Standar Voltage 41 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

CHARGING SYSTEM WITH IC DIAGRAM WORK Rotor Coil Disconnect 42 Teknologi dan Rekayasa

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Kevin Sullivan, www. Autoshop 101. com TEAM 21 “Toyota Technician”, Toyota Astra Motor Step 2 Electrical Group, Toyota Astra Motor 43

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