Water Structure of the Water Molecule Made up

Water

Structure of the Water Molecule • Made up of 3 atoms: 1 Hydrogen atom and 2 Oxygen atoms • The Hydrogen atoms are bonded to the Oxygen atom with a covalent bond in which they share electrons. • The electrons are snot shared equally, so an electrical dipole is formed with a negative (Oxygen) end a positive (Hydrogen) end.

Phases of H 2 O • Solid (ice and snow) all the molecules are arranged in criss-cross rows and they can’t move.

Ice • At 0 degrees Celsius, water (ice) is less dense than liquid water, therefore it floats.

Lakes • Ice is a good insulator and acts like a blanket to stop the water near the bottom freezing so lake creatures can swim around near the bottom. • Water expands when it freezes and can burst water pipes and damage engines that do not have antifreeze in them.

• Liquid – the molecules can move around, but they are still close together. • Gas – the molecules are hundreds of times farther apart and move much faster.

Phases of Water http: //www. kentchemistry. com/links/Matter/H eating. Curve. htm

Properties of Water • Surface Tension: Surface of the liquid contracts due to the strong hydrogen bonds. • The molecules at the top of the water are being pulled inward by the polar forces creating a “stretchy skin” known as surface tension.