The Federalist Era 1789 1800 Chapter 8 Important

The Federalist Era 1789 -1800 Chapter 8

Important Dates �Ch. 8 Vocabulary Definitions – due Tuesday 9/30 � 8. 1 Tasks – due Thursday 10/2 � 8. 2 Tasks – due Tuesday 10/7 � 8. 1/8. 2 Quiz – on Tuesday 10/7 � 8. 3 Tasks – due Thursday 10/9 �Ch. 8 Vocabulary Illustrations – due Tuesday 10/14 �Ch. 8 Test – on Wednesday 10/15 �Founding Father Trading Card Project – due Friday 10/31

Ch. 8 Content Vocabulary Chart �Create a three column chart in your notebook to list, define, and illustrate the 15 content vocabulary terms. �List 4 terms per page. You will use 4 pages for all 15 terms. Term Definition precedent an act or decision that sets a tradition for the future �All definitions are due cabinet national debt bond Visual Representation or Word tomorrow Association – Tues. 9/30.

8. 1 The First President �The Cabinet �Judiciary Act of 1789 �Bill of Rights �Hamilton’s Financial Plans �Washington, DC

President Washington – Our First President Washington taking the oath of office on April 30, 1789.

The Cabinet – Advises the President Washington with the members of the first cabinet: Henry Knox, Edmund Randolph, Thomas Jefferson, and Alexander Hamilton. President Obama with the 15 members of the cabinet in 2010.

Judiciary Act of 1789 – set up the federal court system Washington named John Jay the first US Supreme Court Chief Justice. The structure of today’s federal court system.

Bill of Rights Added • The first ten amendments protect citizens’ liberties added to the Constitution in 1791.

Hamilton & the Economy – the $ man Hamilton, the first Secretary of the Treasury, is commemorated on the ten dollar bill. The US had a severe debt problem before and during Washington’s presidency. Hamilton believed his plan could stabilize the US economy.

Washington, DC – National Capital by Compromise To gain support for part of Hamilton’s financial plan, a compromise was made to move the national capital to the South. A special district was created between Virginia and Maryland, along the Potomac River.

8. 2 Early Challenges �The Whiskey Rebellion �Battle of Fallen Timbers/Treaty of Greenville �Proclamation of Neutrality �Pinckney’s Treaty �Farewell Address

Conflicts with Native Americans in the West Washington signed treaties to protect Native American lands from white settlers, but when white settlers broke those treaties, Washington sent in the army. Native Americans had to surrender most of their lands in present-day Ohio after losing the Battle of Fallen Timbers.

Declaring Neutrality in Foreign Affairs Britain and France went to war in 1793. America tried to trade and remain allies with both countries, but both countries violated American neutral rights. Edmond Genet, a French diplomat, tried to recruit Americans to attack the British. The British seized American ships trading with France, and forced American sailors into the British navy.

Pinckney’s Treaty � Americans finally gained the right to sail the Mississippi River and trade in New Orleans in 1795. �Encouraged further American expansion between Appalachian Mountains and Mississippi River, which adds to conflicts with Native Americans…

Washington’s Farewell (1796) “Observe good faith and justice toward all nations…It is our policy to steer clear of permanent alliances. ” Washington warned against foreign entanglements and political parties in his Farewell Address.

8. 3 The First Political Parties �The Federalist Party �The Democratic-Republican Party �Adams’ Election of 1796 �XYZ Affair �Alien & Sedition Acts �Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions

Emergence of Political Parties Federalist Party � Developed in support of Hamilton’s financial plans; � Led by Hamilton Democratic-Republican Party • Developed in opposition of Hamilton’s plans; • Led by Jefferson

Adam’s Presidency Although they ran against each other, Jefferson received the second highest number of votes and became Adams’ Vice President.

XYZ Affair – France tries to bribe the US

Alien & Sedition Acts � Passed by the Federalists to protect the US from the threat of immigrant French revolutionaries… � The president could imprison or deport “dangerous” aliens. � It became a crime to speak, write, or publish criticism against the government.

Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions • Democratic-Republicans argued the Alien & Sedition Acts were unconstitutional. • Believed states had the right to nullify unconstitutional laws. • Theory not held up today. States would have to sue through the Supreme Court.