French Revolution FR Issues Consequences Europe in 1789
- Slides: 14
French Revolution (FR): Issues & Consequences
Europe in 1789
The Estates System 1 st Estate Clergy 2 nd Estate Nobility 3 rd Estate Everyone else From civil servants, wealthy businessmen, farmers, poor
FR FR 1. Liberal Stage(1789 -1792) Arist. rev vs. king 3 rd Estate elite vs. Arist. Parisian Crowd Uprising The Great Fear 2. Radical Stage(1792 -1794) Reign of Terror (ruled by CPS) France as a Republic 3. Thermidorean Reaction( 1794 -1799) Ended Reign of Terror 4. Napoleon: Subverter or Preserver of FR? Execution of Louis XVI
Periods of FR § THREE PERIODS § 1. Liberal (1789 -1792), which in turn consists of 4 stages. -i. Aristocrat, 2 nd. Privileged elements of 3 rd estate, 3 rd Parisian uprising , 4 th Great Fear. § 2. Radical Revolution (1792 -4)- i) rule of the Convention ii) Reign of Terror (1793 -94) § 3. Thermidorean Reaction, 1794 -99.
Sketch by Jacques-Louis David of the National Assembly making the Tennis Court Oath.
The Evolution of the Legislative Body Estates General National Assembly National Constituent Assembly Legislative Ass. The Convention
The Liberal Period, 1789 -1792 § § The Formation of NA Storm of Bastille Declaration of Rights Establishment of Constitutional Monarchy
Radicalization, 1792 -94 § Why? i) counter-revolution in France § ii) war against foreign countries-Prussia, Austria, GB- every power was taking adv of the chaotic situation, Prussia advanced as far as Verdun (about over 100 miles from Paris, Toulon taken by GB) § Iii) the emergence of sans-culottes (ordinary French citizen) demanding reform
Radical Period § August 1792, feared of the counter-revolutionary threat mobs attacked Tuileries. § Robespierre saw the need to save the FR, by leading it during a time of need. § Action: abolished monarchy. France now a republic § 1793, Jacobin in collaboration with the sans culottes took over the power through parliament coup § CPS ruled 1793 -94
Executioner of King Louis XVI shows the head of the King of France to crowd.
Louis XVI being executed Colored contemporary engraving of the execution of Louis XVI in January 1793. He is said to have died with tranquil dignity on the newly invented . guillotine
Significance & impacts of FR New Ideas continue to be relevant today Accelerated secularization Modern nationalism Significance Transformation of State system Dynasty to modern Secular state Inspired many revolutions
Ideas introduced by FR Liberty Equality Fraternity (nationalism) Natural rights: Due legal process Liberty property security Innocence till proven resistance to oppression New Ideas Sovereignty Law Belongs to nation Based on general as a whole will
