The Circulatory System Function A Transportation system of

The Circulatory System

Function A. Transportation system of the body. B. Carries oxygen and nutrients. C. Also carries substances called hormones, which control body processes D. Antibodies to fight invading germs. E. Gets rid of waste materials (CO 2).

The heart, the lungs, and the blood vessels work together to form the circle part of the circulatory system.

3 Kinds of Circulation: Systemic circulation Coronary circulation Pulmonary circulation

1. Systemic Circulation The largest part of the circulatory system in which oxygen-rich blood flows to all organs and body tissues, except the heart, and lungs.

2. Coronary Circulation Movement of blood through the tissues of the heart (cardiac muscle only).

3. Pulmonary Circulation Movement of blood from the heart, to the lungs, and back to the heart again http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Rj_q. D 0 SEGGk

Parts of the Circulatory System Divided into three major parts: ◦ 1. The Heart ◦ 2. The Blood ◦ 3. The Blood Vessels (arteries & veins)

The Heart A. Size of your fist B. Made of specialized striated cells called cardiac muscle. C. Located in the left center of the chest and protected by the sternum. D. Divided into 4 chambers

The Heart 1. Atria (atrium): chambers in the top of the heart which receive blood from other areas of the body 2. Ventricles bottom parts of the heart, pump blood to different parts of the body 3. Pumps about 4 -5 liters of blood per minute about 9, 000 liters a day 4. It beats between 60 -160 beats per minute

Blood Vessels: Hollow tubes that circulate your blood

Three Kinds of Blood Vessels Arteries Veins Capillaries

A. Arteries 1. Carry blood AWAY from the heart 2. Very muscular 3. Main artery called the aorta is the largest artery Aorta divides and branches into many smaller arteries 4. The only artery that does not carry oxygenated blood is Pulmonary artery.

Have strong, muscular walls The inner layer is very smooth so that the blood can flow easily http: //hes. ucf. k 12. pa. us/gclaypo/circdia. html

B. Capillaries 1. Connect arteries & veins 2. Are the smallest of the blood vessels 3. Very thin only one cell thick 4. Found all over body 5. Where exchange of oxygen, waste and other transfers occur between the blood vessels and the tissue.

w 3. uokhsc. edu Oxygen & Nutrients dropped off to tissue while waste & CO 2 picked up and taken into blood then move into viens

http: //users. tpg. com. au/users/amcgann/body/circulatory. html

C. Veins 1. Carry blood back to the heart 2. Only vein that does not carry unoxygenated blood is the pulmonary vein 3. Walls are thinners then arteries 4. Have small valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards. 5. Largest vein is the Vena Cava.

Veins Receive blood from the capillaries Transport waste-rich and oxygen-poor blood back to the lungs and heart Allow blood to move in one direction Blood is usually purplish due to low oxygen levels (de-oxygenated)

Valves are located inside the veins. The valves only allow blood to move in one direction. http: //hes. ucf. k 12. pa. us/gclaypo/circdia. html

Blood Flow Heart Lungs Heart Body http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=m. H 0 QT Wz. U-x. I

Vena Cava vein AORTA artery Atria Ventricles

Unoxygenated blood comes in from the top of the body through the superior vena cava and Unoxygenated blood comes in from the lower body though the inferior vena cava. UNoxygenated blood enters the atrium on the right side of the heart.

The atrium contracts and the tricuspid valve opens, forcing the blood down into the ventricle.

The ventricle contracts. This forces the unoxygenated blood through the pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary arteries.

The right pulmonary artery takes the unoxygenated blood to the right lung. The left pulmonary artery takes the unoxygenated blood to the left lung. THE PULMONARY ARTERIES ARE THE ONLY ARTERIES THAT CARRY UNOXYGENEATED BLOOD.

Oxygenated blood from the right lung returns to the heart through the right pulmonary vein. Oxygenated blood from the left lung returns to the heart through the left pulmonary vein. THE PULMONARY VEINS ARE THE ONLY VEINS THAT CARRY OXYGENATED BLOOD.

Oxygenated blood then enters the left atrium.

The left atrium contracts. This forces the oxygenated blood through the mitral (bicuspid) valve into the left ventricle.

Left ventricle contracts and Oxygenated blood is forced into the aorta to be carried to the rest of the body.

Oxygenated blood is carried to all body cells where oxygen diffuses into the cells and carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood. Blood carrying carbon dioxide then returns to the heart.

And the cycle begins again. http: //www. youtube. com/watc h? v=0 o. Nabrn. XR 68&NR=1

Meanwhile… While the blood is moving oxygen and carbon dioxide around, it is also moving nutrients, other wastes, hormones, and antibodies at the same time. http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=P_d 0 ykpz. Qg. Y http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=q 0 s 1 MC 1 hc. E&feature=related

Close up of heart valve Heart sounds are made by the valves as they open and close http: //hes. ucf. k 12. pa. us/gclaypo/circdia. html

Get out ISN so we can finish Notes on Circulatory System Write in Planner -Finish notes & brainpop video/quiz -Homework due Thursday!!

Blood A. B. Responsible for carrying food & oxygen There is about 5 liters of blood in the average size adult human body Travels through thousands of miles of blood vessels Carries nutrients, water, oxygen and waste products to and from your body cells. Made up of liquids, solids and small amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Blood http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=4 GUYda. M 3 QIY&fe ature=related

1. Plasma A. Plasma is the liquid part of the blood made up of mostly water B. About half of your blood is made of plasma C. Nutrients, minerals, oxygen are dissolved and carried to body cells, waste from body cells is also carried Plasma is made in the liver.

Plasma

Red Blood Cells RBC are made in the center of long bones Contain hemoglobin that helps the RBC to carry oxygen to all parts of body. About 5, 000 Red Blood Cells in ONE drop of blood. Takes carbon dioxide and transports it back to the lungs

http: //hes. ucf. k 12. pa. us/gclaypo/circdia. html

White Blood Cells White blood cells protect the body from germs Are part of the immune system Defend body against bacteria, viruses, foreign substances Attack and destroy germs when they enter the body

Platelets are blood cells that help stop bleeding Help clot blood when a person is cut.

user. gru. net/clawrence/ vccl/chpt 7/plate. htm

Blood Types

The universal donor is O Blood The universal recipient is AB Blood transfusion Type A can receive Type A or Type O Type B can receive Type B or Type ) Type AB can receive Type A, Type B, Type AB or Type O can only receive Type O Blood Types