Principles of Interviewing Chapter 6 Chapter Outline Interviewing

Principles of Interviewing Chapter 6

Chapter Outline ● Interviewing Strategies ● Types of Interviews ● The Ethics of Interviewing

What is an interview? A two-party interaction in which at least one party has a specific, serious purpose and that usually involves the asking and answering of questions. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=b 56 e. AUCTLok 1

Organizations employment interviews. Supervisors performance appraisal interviews and set targets for the future. . also disciplinary interviews to deal with misconduct or poor performance. Human resources organizations. exit interviews for feedback of possible problems in Health care providers, attorneys, counselors and salespeople diagnostic interviews Police officers, journalists and social workers investigative interviews Businesses research interviews to gather information to base future decisions 2

Interviewing Strategies Planning the Interview Define the Goal: Interviewer Vague: Learn about prospective web designers. Better: Evaluate which web designer can do the best job for us. Best: Determine which web designer can create and maintain an affordable website that attracts and retains customers. 3

Plan the goal: Interviewee Vague: Represent myself well on the job interview. Better: Describe my relevant work experience and explain my fit for the position. Best: Persuade interviewer I am the best candidate for the position. 4.

Identify and Analyze the Other Party: When you have options, picking the right person can make your conversation more useful and successful. Prepare a List of Topics: A list of topics will help you get all the information you need to accomplish your goal. 5

Choose the Best Interview Structured Interview: a standardized list of questions that allow only a limited range of answers with no follow-up. Unstructured Interview: has goal but no list of questions. Allows for flexibility. Moderately Structured Interview: prepares lists of topics, designs major questions and possible followup probes. 6

Consider Possible Questions Types of Interview Questions: Table 6 -2 page 146 Leading questions: suggest the answer the interviewer expects. They look legitimate but have no place in most interviews. You’re not really serious about asking for a raise are you? 7

Arrange the Setting Desk gains power and formality a spot away from each person’s normal habitat free from distractions and informality a table promotes equality 8

Conducting the Interview Opening: good introduction, 50% of the decision made is in the first 30 to 60 seconds. 1. Greeting 2. Orientation a. explain reason for interview b. what information is needed and how it will be used. c. clarify any ground rules d. mention the appropriate length of interview 3. Motivation a. reason interview is worthwhile 9

Body Responsibilities of the Interviewer: ● control and focus the conversation ● listen actively ● use secondary questions to probe for important information 10. a

The Interviewee’s Role ● listen actively and give clear, detailed answers ● answer the question the interviewer has asked ● correct and misunderstandings ● cover your own agenda 10. b

Closing 1. Review and Clarify the Results of the Interview 1. Establish Future Actions 1. Conclude with Pleasantries 11

Types of Interviews The Information-Gathering Interview: Sam Walton ❏ View information-gathering as a process ❏ Define interview goals and question ❏ Choose the right interviewee 12

The Career Research Interview Personal contacts: “it isn’t what you know, it’s who you know”- less than 10% of job-seekers find employment by using the internet. -helps you learn more about the field -to be remembered -to gain referrals 13

Choosing interviewees: the key to finding a wealth of unadvertised positions is to cultivate a network of contacts. ➢ Subject will see you because of a mutual acquaintance ➢ Ego gratification: it’s flattering for someone to say “I respect your accomplishments and ideas” ➢ Altruism: willing to do to you what others did to them to help them along the way

Contacting Prospective Interviewers: Contact in writing: send by e-mail. A phone call runs the risk of not getting through. (Gate. Keeper) Second email or phone call: should precede the interview and confirm its date, place and time. Follow up: express thanks, courteous, it also gives interview tangible record of your name and address. 15

The Employment Interview Pre-Interview Steps: Most employees never advertise jobs and if they do the odds don’t favor an applicant who replies with an application and resume. It becomes a process of elimination. Consultants suggest identify and contact the person who has the power to hire you before an opening exists 16

George Costanza research of product before an interview. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=L 3 AMRHX Mfjs

Clean up your online identity: “Cybervetting” is increasingly common: Seventy percent of recruiters in the US have rejected candidates because of information online. Conduct background research: reading and researching, taking classes, talking about jobs with people that might have useful information in the area you are interested in. 18

Contact Potential Employers: When you get a job lead let the organization know that you are interested in a job there. Send a cover letter (figure 6. 3 page 160) and a copy of your resume. 19

Prepare for Possible Interview Formats Panel Interview (team or group interview) 20

Stress Interview Research it and be prepared to stay calm and in control. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Aq 6 y 3 RO 12 UQ 21

Audition Interview Asked to perform skills employer is looking for. 22

Behavioral Interview The interviewer wants to know how you handled a situation, rather than just gathering information about you. past experience is the best predictor of future performance 23

Dress appropriately and act professionally: recruiters ranked clothing as the leading factor in shaping their initial impressions, ahead of physical attractiveness. http: //www. today. com/style/what-not-wear-jobinterviews-anything-thats-orange-or-brown 2 D 80184229 24

Many factors are out of our control in an interview but do everything possible to make a good impression: ❏ make a great first impression ❏ punctuality ❏ research of the company ❏ have knowledge of the position you are applying 25

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During the Interview Most Frequent interviewee Mistakes: Answering cell phone or texting Appearing uninterested Dressing inappropriately Appearing arrogant Talking negatively about current or previous employees 29

Anticipate key questions: a. b. c. d. e. educational background work experience career goals. personal traits knowledge of organization and job See Table 6 -4 (page 165) for commonly asked questions in employment interviews. 30

Respond to employer’s needs and concerns: ● While you may need a job to pay off a loan or finance a new Porsche, these won’t impress a potential employer. ● Companies hire employees to satisfy their needs. . not yours. ● The questions not always asked but are fundamental: “Are you a person who can help this organization? What can you do for us? 32

Emphasize the Positive Always be honest but it is wise to answer questions that show you in the most positive light. Interviewer: I notice you’ve held several jobs, but you haven’t had an experience in the field you’ve applied for. Negative answer: Uh, that’s right. I only decided I wanted to go into this field last year. I wish I had known that earlier. Positive answer: That’s right. I’ve worked in a number of fields, and I’ll have been successful in learning each one quickly. I’d like to think this kind of adaptability will help me learn this job and grow with it as technology changes the way the company does business. 34

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Back up your answers with evidence: PAR approach: three parts of a good answer -identify Problem -describe the Action you took -state the Results your actions produced 38

Keep your answers brief-general rule under 2 minutes. Be enthusiastic-showing your interest and excitement can give you a competitive edge. Have your own questions answered-make indirect statements about you, just like your answers did. 39

Rehearse an interview 40

Other ways to land a job (not in the book). http: //youtu. be/Hb. JHkw. HZCCM 41

Post-Interview Follow-up Every employment interview should be followed immediately by a thank-you note. -demonstrates common courtesy -reminds the employer of you and to provide facts you may have omitted. -can tactfully remind of promises made such as second interview -can correct any misunderstanding that occurred during interview 42

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Interviewing and the Law Basically questions may not be asked for the purpose of discriminating on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, disability, national origin, or age. The U. S. Government’s “Equal Employment Opportunity Commission” EEOC permits only questions that investigate a “bona fide occupational qualification” BFOQ for a particular job. This means any question asked should be job related. Ways to answer an unlawful question: a. answer without objection b. Seek explanation c. redirection d. refusal https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Khw. Le 4 gj 9 Xg

The Ethics of Interviewing Obligations of the Interviewer Make only promises you are willing and able to keep. Keep Confidences. Allow the interviewee to make free responses. Treat every interviewee with respect. 33

Obligations of the Interviewee Don’t misrepresent the facts or your position. Don’t waste the interviewer’s time. 36