Present Imperfect and Perfect Tenses English has a
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Present, Imperfect, and Perfect Tenses
English has a present tense and a past tense.
Present Tense She praises her mother. She is praising her mother. She does praise her mother.
Past Tense She praised her mother. She was praising her mother. She did praise her mother.
Latin is better. Latin has a present tense and TWO past tenses
Present Tense puella matrem laudat. The girl praises her mother. The girl is praising her mother. The girl does praise her mother.
Imperfect Tense puella matrem laudābat. The girl was praising her mother. The girl used to praise her mother.
Perfect Tense puella matrem laudāvit. The girl praised her mother. The girl did praise her mother. The girl has praised her mother.
puella matrem laudābat. – Imperfect Tense The girl was praising her mother. puella matrem laudāvit. – Perfect Tense The girl praised her mother.
What’s going on here? laudābat means “she was praising”? laudāvit means “she praised”? So they both happened in the past? NON INTELLEGO.
The imperfect tense is used for continuing or repeated action in the past. The perfect tense is for single events completed in the past. See the difference?
Oh, I get it now! puella matrem laudābat cotidie. The girl was praising her mother daily. puella matrem laudāvit heri. The girl praised her mother yesterday. Cicero librum scribēbat. Cicero librum scripsit. Cicero was writing a book. Cicero wrote a book.
BENE! OPTIME! bonus discipulus es.
Present Tense present stem personal ending
Personal Endings of Verbs • the last part of a verb form identifies the subject • three persons • two numbers
Personal Endings of Verbs for the present tense 1 st sing. 2 nd sing. 3 rd sing I you he, she, it 1 st plural we 2 nd plural you all 3 rd plural they -ō/m -s -t -mus -tis -nt
Present Tense 1 st 2 nd 3 rd sing laud ō laudā s laudā t 1 st 2 nd 3 rd plural laudā mus laudā tis laudā nt
Imperfect Tense present stem tense sign -BĀpersonal ending
Imperfect Tense 1 st 2 nd 3 rd sing laudā ba m laudā bā s laudā ba t 1 st 2 nd 3 rd plural laudā bā mus laudā bā tis laudā ba nt
Perfect Tense perfect stem perfect personal ending
How can I find the Perfect Stem? from the 3 rd principal part
st 1 principal part laudō This is the 1 st singular present tense. “I praise”
nd 2 principal part laudāre This is the present infinitive. “to praise” present stem + re
rd 3 principal part laudāvī This is the perfect tense. “I praised” perfect stem + perfect personal ending
Perfect Tense Personal Endings 1 st sing. 2 nd sing. 3 rd sing I you he, she, it 1 st plural we 2 nd plural you all 3 rd plural they -ī -istī -it -imus -istis -ērunt
Perfect Tense 1 st 2 nd 3 rd sing laudāv ī laudāv istī laudāv it 1 st 2 nd 3 rd plural laudāv imus laudāv istis laudāv ērunt
portō, portāre, portāvī present portat imperfect portābat perfect portāvit
ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī present ambulat imperfect ambulābat perfect ambulāvit
dicō, dicere, dixī present dicit imperfect dicēbat perfect dixit
regō, regere, rexī (rule) present regit imperfect regēbat perfect rexit
mittō, mittere, misī (send) present mittit imperfect mittēbat perfect misit
scribō, scribere, scripsī present scribit imperfect scribēbat perfect scripsit
moneō, monēre, monuī (warn) present monet imperfect monēbat perfect monuit
FINIS
- Present perfect tense of change
- Chapter 3 perfect and perfect progressive tenses
- Key word present continuous
- Present perfect vs past simple
- When do we use present perfect progressive
- Cortar present perfect
- Narrative tenses past simple past perfect past continuous
- Present simple present continuous and present perfect
- Keyword of past simple
- Present perfect tense pay
- Difference present perfect simple and continuous
- Past simple present perfect present perfect continuous
- Past simple o past perfect
- Romper present perfect
- Present perfect progressive time expressions
- Present perfect progressive definition
- Present perfect tense vs present perfect continuous tense
- Present tenses
- Present perfect tense spanish
- Present perfect continuous tense examples in hindi
- Passive voice present simple past simple present perfect
- Present tenses in english
- Present imperfect tense english
- Present perfect present simple present continuous
- Present perfect schema
- Simple present present perfect present progressive noredink
- As if
- Present simple present continuous present perfect
- Present perfect tense - past participles resuelto
- Haber presente perfecto
- Imperfect and perfect tense
- Indirect voluntary act
- Simple present past future tense
- Present continous as future
- Present continuous and present perfect passive