Plants Nonvascular Plants Hornwort Usually small plants Everything

Plants

Nonvascular Plants § Hornwort § Usually small plants § Everything transported by diffusion and osmosis

Life Cycle of Nonvascular Plants

Vascular Plants (Seedless) § Some early vascular plants only reproduce with spores and not seeds § Ferns are examples of these

Spores (how a fern reproduces)

Life Cycle

Vascular (seed) plants § Two types § Gymnosperms § Angiosperms § Monocots § Dicots

Gymnosperms § Plants that make seeds that do not develop into a fruit § Usually bear pollen or seed cones

Gymnosperm Life Cycle

Angiosperms § Flowering Plants and trees § More than 230, 000 species and 300 families!!!

Monocots § Seeds produce a singe cotyledon (seed leaf) § Parallel veins § Flowers usually in multiples of 3’s § Ex. Grasses

Dicots § Flowering plants produce 2 cotyledons (seed leaves) § Leaf veins form a network § Flower parts in multiples of 4 or 5

Plant transport § Water and nutrients transfer through the xylem § Red circles in the middle

Translocation § Phloem moves sugar made in the leaves or roots (source) to a storage place (sink) § Process is called translocation § Green cells

Transpiration § Water lost through the stomates § Guard cells help to regulate the loss of water

Flowers § 4 main parts § Petals (together make the corolla) § Sepals (together make the calyx) § Stamens (male parts; produce pollen) § Pistils (female parts) § Stigma § Style § Ovary

Fruits § § § We think of it as yummy, healthy food Botanist definition is ripened ovary Peas, eggplant, tomatoes, cucumber, squash, peppers are all really fruit

Simple Fruits § Created from a single ripened ovary § 2 Types § Dry § Fleshy

Aggregate Fruits § Come from a single flower but multiple ovaries developing in that flower

Multiple Fruit § Formed from several flowers of each having an individual ovary

Seeds Monocot vs. Dicot