Mosses Ferns and Lycopods BIOL 1407 NonVascular Plants

Mosses, Ferns and Lycopods BIOL 1407

Non-Vascular Plants • Characteristics – No vascular tissue – Small – Moist habitats – No true roots, stems or leaves • Photo Credit: Manfred Morgner, 2002, Wikimedia Commons

Non-Vascular Plants • Gametophyte dominant • Sporophyte dependent

Non-Vascular Plants • Spores for dispersal

Non-Vascular Plants • Swimming sperm • Photo Credit for Moss Antheridial slide: Dr. Steve Bostic, 2008

Modern Non-Vascular Plants • “Bryophytes” – Mosses – Liverworts – Hornworts • Photo Credit for mosses & liverworts: ACC Field Biology Student, Enchanted Rock

Mosses

Moss Gametophytes & Sporophytes • Photo Credit: ACC Field Biology Student, Austin Nature Center

Evolution of Vascular Plants • Vascular Tissue – Support taller – Branches more sporangia and spores – Transportation • Water • Minerals • Sugars

Vascular Plant Characteristics • Vascular Tissue Present – Xylem – Phloem • True roots, stems and leaves

Vascular Plants Photo Credit for Leaves: Doyle Cross, El Yunque, Puerto Rico, 2007

Seedless Vascular Plants • Sporophyte dominant • Gametophyte independent and small

Seedless Vascular Plants • Spores for dispersal • Photo Credit for Fern Sporophyte: Doyle Cross, 2007, El Yunque, Puerto Rico

Seedless Vascular Plants • Swimming sperm • Photo Credit for Fern Sperm SEM: Dr. Karen Renzaglia, Southern Illinois University Carbondale

Modern Seedless Vascular Plants • Lycophytes – Spike moss (Selaginella) – Club mosses (Lycopodium)

Modern Seedless Vascular Plants • Ferns and Fern Allies – Ferns – Horsetails • Photo Credits: Doyle Cross, 2007, El Yunque, Puerto Rico (ferns); ACC student, Austin Nature Center field trip, 2006 (horsetails)

Fern Sporophytes and Gametophyte • Photo Credit for Sporophytes: ACC Field Biology Student, Austin Nature Center, 2006 • Photo Credit for Gametophyte: Betsy Maxim, 2008

Strobili • Located near top of stem • Sporebearing leaves • Sporophylls Spores • Photo Credits: Doyle Cross, El Yunque, Puerto Rico, 2007

Homospory • Homosporous plants – One spore size – Bisexual gametophytes • Photo Credits: Dr. Steve Bostic, 2008

Heterospory • Heterosporous plants • Two types of spores – Megaspores – Microspores • Photo Credits: Doyle Cross, El Yunque, Puerto Rico, 2007

Megaspores • Grow into female gametophytes • Photo Credit: Dr. David Byres, Florida Community College at Jacksonville

Microspores • Grow into male gametophytes • Photo Credit: Dr. David Byres, Florida Community College at Jacksonville

The End Unless otherwise specified, all images in this presentation came from: Campbell, et al. 2008. Biology, 8 th ed. Pearson Benjamin Cummings.