Phylum Porifera Taxonomic Referencing King Philip Came Over

Phylum Porifera

Taxonomic Referencing • King Philip Came Over For Good Soup • (Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species)

Tree of Life

Tree of Life

Tree of Life • Protozoans – Animals whose bodies consist of single cells • Metazoans - Animals whose bodies consist of many cells

General Information • Kingdom : Animalia • Phylum : Porifera • Porifera = “pore bearer” Yellow barrel sponge Pink lumpy sponge

Phylum Porifera

General Information Size range: 1 cm to 2 m in diameter Giant Barrel sponges

General Information • They are without organs, mouth, digestive system or nervous tissue

Body Structure Ostia – small pores where water enters Oscullum – large hole through which water flows to deliver food, oxygen and carry away waste products

Body Structure • Collar Cells – cells bearing flagella that maintain a steady current of water through the sponge • Amoebocytes – transport food to other cell layers

Body Structure • Spicules – skeleton of the sponge, secreted by amebocyte cells; made of calcium carbonate or silica • Spongin – flexible protein, holds cells together

Level of organization *Body composed of cells, not tissues Japanese Deep Sea Sponge

Habitat -Both marine and freshwater -Both tropical and polar climates Purple Rope sponge Fresh-water Sponge

Youtube Video • Wonderful World of Sea Sponges • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=BW 05 v Mziy 2 o

Feeding -Sponges are heterotrophic; considered filter feeders. -Filter Feeder - organism which obtains nutrition by filtering small food particles from water

Feeding Process 1. Water & food goes in via ostia 2. Choanocytes (collar cells) trap food 3. Amoebocytes transfer food to other cells 4. Water exits through oscullum

Sponge Feeding • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=T 7 E 1 rq 7 z. HLc&NR=1

Respiration -Through diffusion

Internal transport • Through diffusion

Response • NONE ! • No nervous system Pipe organ sponge

Locomotion – movement or motility -Larvae are free-swimming, use cilia -Adults are sessile (do not move)

Regeneration • Tremendous ability to repair and restore lost parts • Can also rebuild self if totally disintegrated

Reproduction -Porifera have both sexual and asexual reproduction 1. Asexual - budding

Reproduction • • 2. Sexual a. Most monoecious = hermaphrodites, both sexes in same organism Egg & sperm produced Self fertilization results in free-swimming larvae

Reproduction 2. Sexual b. Some dioecious – have separate sexes • Egg OR sperm produced • Cross fertilization results in larvae • Larvae settles on sea floor to become adult

Sponge Reproduction • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=KOFFz XNYJG 0&feature=related

Ecological Roles A. Create habitat for other organisms A. B. Food source for some

Sea Turtle Feeding on Sponge • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=tl_gje. XK Dps&feature=related

Ecological Roles Home use: the bath sponge bathing, cleaning

Ecological Roles Medical research - Sponges don’t get cancer. -Why not? Maybe we can use what keeps them from getting cancer to treat humans………. .

Azure Vase Sponge

Giant Barrel Sponge

Elephant Ear Sponge

Yellow Vase Sponges

Yellow Barrel Sponge

Red Branch Sponge

Red Beard Sponge

Nipple Sponge

Sponge. Bob Square Pants