Passive advanced structures NZEV KOLY Gymnzium Lovosice Sady

Passive advanced structures

NÁZEV ŠKOLY: Gymnázium Lovosice, Sady pionýrů 600/6 ČÍSLO PROJEKTU: CZ. 1. 07/1. 5. 00/34. 1073 NÁZEV MATERIÁLU: VY_32_INOVACE_4 B_19_Passive TÉMA SADY: Gramatická cvičení z angličtiny ROČNÍK: oktáva/4. A DATUM VZNIKU: duben 2013 AUTOR: Mgr. Lucie Kučerová

Anotace � tento učební materiál je určen k prezentaci a procvičení pokročilých struktur trpného rodu v angličtině na interaktivní tabuli � všechny snímky prezentace jsou opatřeny animacemi tak, aby poskytovali studentům dostatečný prostor k interakci a komunikaci v angličtině � nejprve se po kliknutí objeví příklady, příp. otázky, až poté teoretický výklad problému, tudíž mohou studenti dedukovat a analyzovat daný problém nejprve sami � snímek číslo čtyři je úvodem k tématu, snímek číslo pět se zaměřuje na způsob užívání pasivu, následující snímky poukazují na pokročilejší problematiku � snímky číslo osm, devět a deset slouží k procvičení gramatiky � první a druhé cvičení jsou transformačním nápověda u prvního se objeví po kliknutí, druhé je bez nápovědy, jednotlivé věty se objevují po kliknutí � třetí cvičení je komunikační, detaily úkolu se objeví po kliknutí � výukový materiál je vytvořen tak, aby podpořil samostatné myšlení a co nejvyšší interakci studentů v hodině angličtiny

The form � We need the correct form of verb TO BE and the PAST PARTICIPLE form of the main verb �The book was written in 2001. �The Southern Cross can be seen in Australia. � The tense of the verb is determined by the tense of the verb TO BE �see the difference in They make wine in France. Present simple: Present continuous: Wine is made in France. Wine is being made in France Past simple: Past perfect: Wine was made in France. Wine had been made in France

USAGE � when we don‘t know or don‘t want to mention who or what is responsible for the action �The phone was made in China. �I was offered a job in England. � for stylistic reasons, especially to focus on the word that would be an object in an active sentence � compare: �Doctors will probably invent a new type of treatment soon. �New type of treatment will by invented soon. � if we want to say who performed the action, wy use by + the agent at the end of the sentence �The picture was painted by Picasso.

Advanced structures � passive with know, believe, think, etc. �used especially for impersonal structures starting with It… �It is known that the Earth goes round the Sun. �It was thought that the Sun goes round the Earth. � similar meaning has the structure with infinitive after passive, starting with the subject (object in active) �The Earth is known to go round the Sun. �The Sun was thought to go round the Earth. � we use past infinitive (to have done something) when we talk about present believe about past events �The man is believed to have stolen our car. �Our dogs are thought to have chewed dad‘s shoes.

Verbs with two objects � some verbs (e. g. give offer, owe, pay, ask, show, teach, sell, award) often have two objects �the objects can both create a passive sentence being in the possition of the subject � The agency has sent me my exam results. o Exam results were sent to me (by the agency). o I was sent my exam results (by the agency). �My boss gave me a new project. o I was given a new project. o A new project was given to me.

Excercise n° 1 � Rewrite the sentences in two ways using passive structures. Start with the words given. 1 They say that he is very rich. a It is said … b He is said … 2 They expect the government will raise taxes. a It … b The government … 3 They now know that Mike came late. a It … b Mike … 4 They believed that the Earth wasn‘t round. a It … b The Earth …

Excercise n° 2 � Rewrite the sentences using a passive verb. Include the agent if neccessary. 1. The police have already arrested the robber. 2. The are building a new shopping centre in the outskirts. 3. Students never use this room fro studying. 4. Somebody was following me on my way home yesterday. 5. A dog bit our daughter in the garden. 6. They will hold the elections in July. 7. Somebody had broken the window. 8. In September we will be planning our summer holidays. 9. When we came Sue has been cooking dinner. 10. The government has banned smoking in restaurants.

Excercise n° 3 � passive structures are often used to give impersonal information in the news or in newspaper articles � use the following verbs to invent a news report � include as many passive structures as possible �observe �flying saucer �see �strange light �surprise �aliens

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