Kingdom Plantae Characteristics of Plants All plants are

Kingdom Plantae

Characteristics of Plants: ü All plants are multicellular eukaryotes ü All plants are made of tissues and organs.

Characteristics of Plants: ü All plants have a cell wall. ü Contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis ü Autotrophs!

Living on Land • Plants must find ways to get water, support their bodies and reproduce!

Plant Parts: Leaves • Leaves: capture sun’s energy for photosynthesis – Contain openings called stomata that can take in CO 2 and stop water loss

Plant Parts: Stems • Stems: carries substances from roots to leaves & provides support

Plant Parts: Roots • Roots: anchor plant and absorb water and minerals

Transporting Materials • Water taken in at roots • Food made in leaves • Vascular Tissue: tubes inside the plant that transport material up and down!

Vascular Tissues • Xylem: tissue that carries water up to plant • Phloem: tissue that carries food down to plant

Carnation Demo

Plant Response • Tropism: a plant’s growth response towards or away from a stimulus • EX: Phototropism: growth towards light

Video Review

Classification of Plants: ü Nonvascular - no system of water transportation ü Vascular - contain vascular tissues that transfer water & food

Nonvascular Plants: • Transport materials through absorption • Low to the ground • Must live close to water

Examples • Mosses • Hornworts • Liverworts

Vascular Plants: ü Most plants are Vascular ü Has a water transport System! ü Have stems, roots, and leaves!

Seedless Plants • Ferns, Horsetail, Club Moss • All use spores to reproduce

Seed Plants • Use seeds to reproduce • Have stems, leaves, and roots • Much more numerous!

Seed Dispersal • Seeds protect the young plant • Scattered by wind, water, or animals • Germination: when the seed begins to grow

Gymnosperms VS. Angiosperms Gymnosperms Angiosperms • Produce “naked” seed • Produce flowers & fruits – No protective covering • Needle-like leaves and deep root system • Adapted to live in dry/cold places • Seed protected by fruit or covering • Live almost everywhere

Gymnosperms • Cycads, Gingkos, Gnetophtyes, & Conifers • Most reproduce using cones that contain pollen

Angiosperms • Examples: Palm trees, fruit trees, flowering plants, etc. • Reproduce using pollen

Monocots VS. Dicots Monocots • “mono” means one • one cotyledon (seed leaf) • Leaves are long a thin in multiples of 3 Dicots • “di ” means two • two cotyledons • Wide branching leaves in multiples of 4 or 5

Examples Monocots Dicots • Corn • Tulips • Wheat • • Tomatoes Maple trees Sunflowers Roses

Plant Review