Information Chief Information Officer Group Australian Defence Force

Information Chief Information Officer Group Australian Defence Force Satellite Communications Captain Vaughn Rixon, RAN – Director ICT Capability Coordination

Scope • • • ADF SATCOM Roles ADF Use of SATCOM Capability Construct SATCOM Capability – Today SATCOM Capability – Tomorrow Future Challenges

ADF SATCOM Broad Roles CIOG/CDG DMO CIOG Terminal Services/CDG DMO Services Ground CIOG/CDG DMO CIOG Build Run Space Plan CIOG CDG = = Chief Information Officer Group Capability Development Group DMO = Services = Defence Materiel Organisation Navy, Air Force and Army

ADF Use of SATCOM • Operational Environment – Characterised by concurrent operations, in dispersed locations, with a requirement for extension of Defence networks/voice services from the strategic environment into the operational and tactical domains • SATCOM provides independent communications means – Operations can not rely solely on terrestrial connectivity – may be compromised or not available – Users may not be within line-of-sight, or in terrain constrained environment (urban, mountainous regions) – SATCOM can achieve long distance connectivity (trunking) and netted communications • Accordingly, cardinal requirements of coverage, capacity and connectivity endure

Capability Construct

SATCOM Cardinal Requirements – The Ends • Coverage – Ongoing operational requirement for ‘Two Ocean Presence’ (Indian and Pacific) – ADF’s Primary Operational Area (White Paper) – Australian Coverage Area of 30°E to 170°W (WGS MOU) – Contingency requirement for Rest of World coverage • Capacity – Increasing demand for bandwidth (new capabilities being introduced) – New platforms, high data rate ISR streams, increased demand at HQ – Current predictions suggest capacity requirements can be met; however, regular Information Exchange Requirements (IER) analysis is essential. • Connectivity – Extending strategic information networks into the operational arena – Increasing use of coalition networks – Growing need for netted communications

SATCOM Cardinal Requirements – The Ends Zone 3 Zone 2 Zone 3 West East Capacity Zone 1

Current Capability – The Ways • Space Segment – Need for wideband narrowband SATCOM remains extant – Wideband primarily for long-haul communications supporting larger semi-static formations – Narrowband primarily for mobile, tactical users with strategic and netted links – Expect increased mobile wideband access as small wideband dishes are introduced – Aim to converge on military systems and spectrum (WGS / DPS / IS-22) – Commercial SATCOM will continue to be required for alternate means, surge or where military spectrum can not be used • Terminal Segment – Classified as either platform-based, transportable or anchor terminals – Platform-based are the responsibility of the project introducing the major capability – Significant change to Defence’s transportable terminals out to 2016 to facilitate the convergence on MILSATCOM (military spectrum and systems) – Likewise, major changes to Defence’s anchoring architecture to accommodate WGS, IS-22, TDMA, IW

Current Capability – The Ways • Control Segment – Defined as platform (satellite) monitoring and control (M&C) or transmissions and payload M&C – Platform (station keeping, sub-system health monitoring) – Defence not directly involved in platform M&C of bus – WGS M&C is through US MILSATCOM architecture. – DPS and IS-22 M&C is included in commercial contracts – Payload (circuit configuration, traffic monitoring) – Defence maintains M&C on DPS – WGS influenced through close liaison with all agencies in the US architecture – IS-22 and others through coordination with the commercial provider • Network Segment – Provides the interfaces to the strategic networks and connectivity between anchor and control sites – The most significant change to the network segment in the near future will be convergence on IP switching

Space and Anchor Segment Capability - Today Military Wideband • • • Optus C 1 (X and Ka) • SGS-H WGS 1 -4 (X and Ka) • IAS East and West • OSA Bi-lat MOUs Military Narrowband • • • Optus C 1 • NCS East and West (DAMA) IS-22 • NCS West and North (DAMA) AUS/USA MOU Commercial Wideband • • • Optus D 1 (Ku) • Defence owned and operated anchors NSS-6 (Ku) • Combo Defence owned and leased IS-906 (C) • Leased anchor Commercial Narrowband • • • Iridium (Voice) Inmarsat (Legacy) Optus B 3 (Voice and BFT)

Space and Anchor Segment Capability - Tomorrow Military Wideband • • • Optus C 1 (X and Ka) • SGS-H and SGS-W WGS 1 -6 (X and Ka) • SGS-E and SGS-W • OSA Bi-lat MOUs Military Narrowband • • • Optus C 1 • NCS PER and CBR (IW) IS-22 • NCS PER and DWN (IW) AUS/USA MOU Commercial Wideband Commercial Narrowband • • Gateway Xpress? Managed services Iridium (New applications) Inmarsat (IP)

Future Challenges • Enhanced UHF SATCOM Capability (JP 2008 PH 5 A and AUS/US UHF MOU) – AT&E/OT&E – Coordinating change to control segment – Combined operations with US • Changes to Australian Wideband anchoring – Interim anchoring (WGS) – SGS(W) – SGS(E) • • • Introduction of new SATCOM terminals and platforms New technologies (IW, TDMA, IP) New capabilities – Protected SATCOM, DTCS, L-Band TACSAT Maintaining GEO orbit slots (IOR and POR) Sustaining the SATCOM Capability (WGS follow-on)

Questions

JP 2008 – Wideband Military SATCOM Ph 4 WGS Ph 3 D Ph 4 OPTUS C 1 Ph 4 Ph 5 B 2 Ph 3 F DNOC Network Management SGS-W Ph 5 B 2 Pre -2 nd Pass SGS-E Ph 3 F SGS-HAR Post -2 nd Pass Strategic Network Infrastructure Ph 3 E MASTIS Tactical Network Infrastructure Ph 3 H Initial Tranche of Land Terminals Ph 5 B 1 Remainder of Land Terminals