Grammatica GRAMMATICa Lexica GRAMMATICa Lexica LEXAR and GRAMICON

Grammatica

GRAMMATICa Lexica

GRAMMATICa Lexica

LEXAR and GRAMICON Mutant Children of the Revolution Sally Rice Décade I, Nonidi de Germinal de l'Année CCXIV de la Revolution 29 March 2006

LEXAR and GRAMICON Mutant Children of the Revolution Sally Rice Décade I, Nonidi de Germinal de l'Année CCXIV de la Revolution 29 March 2006

the age of enlightenmen t

the age of enlightenmen t

“We distinguish the lexicon from the computational system of the language, the syntax in a broad sense (including phonology). Assume that the syntax provides three fundamental levels of representation, each constituting an ‘interface’ of the grammatical system with some other system of the mind/brain: D-Structure, Phonetic Form (PF), and Logical Form (LF). ” Chomsky 1995: 130

“Any theory of language must include some sort of lexicon, the repository of all (idiosyncratic) properties of particular lexical items. . . The lexicon is a set of lexical elements, each an articulated system of features. It must specify, for each such element, the phonetic, semantic, and syntactic properties that are idiosyncratic to it, but nothing more. ” Chomsky 1995: 30. 130

[CP Spec [C’ C [IP Spec [I’ I VP]]]] “Items of the lexicon are of two general types: with or without substantive content. We restrict the term lexical to the former category; the latter are functional. Each item is a feature set. Lexical elements head NP, VP, AP, and PP. ” Chomsky 1995: 54

4. 2. 2 The Lexicon I will have little to say about the lexicon here. Chomsky 1995: 235 “The lexical entry provides. . . the information required for further computations. ” Chomsky 1995: 130

1789

1989

LAUD Conference on Cognitive Linguistics, Universität Duisburg 1989

LAUD Conference on Cognitive Linguistics, Universität Duisburg Les sansculottes

Ron Langacker “A grammar is a structured inventory of conventional linguistic units. ”

Len Talmy

George Lakoff (a. k. a. Robespierre)

Towards more Republican Values

REFORM or REVOLUTION? “Whenever a change leaves the internal mechanism untouched, we have reform; whenever the internal mechanism is changed, we have revolution. ” Daniel De. Leon, 1896, in address to the Workingmen of Boston

The Reformers

Ken Hale on LEXAR/GRAMICON items in Navajo

ch’ɪ -shi-di-nɪ -ɫ-da zh out-1 SG. O-QUAL-3 SG. MOM-TRANSuncontrolled. movement ‘he jerked me out(side)’

Ray Jackendoff on the Lexicon-Grammar Interface Semantic Structures (1990) “To develop [a] more general theory of language (concerned with syntax and semantics and their points of connection), one must confront two basic problems, which might be called the Problem of Meaning and the Problem of Correspondence. ” “The Problem of Meaning is to characterize the phenomena that a theory of meaning is to account for, and to develop a formal treatment of semantic intuitions. ” “The Problem of Correspondence is to characterize the relationship between the formal treatment of meaning and the formal structure of syntax. ”

eat V [CAUSE ([Thing ] A’ [GO ([Thing ] <A’> [TO [IN [MOUTH-OF [ ]]]])])]) devour V [CAUSE ([Thing ] A’ [GO ([Thing ] A’ [TO [IN [MOUTH-OF [ ]]]])])])

The Revolutionaries

Cognitive & Construction Grammarians looking at constructions as the basic building blocks of language

Corpus Linguists looking at N-grams, collocates, and collostructions

Language Teachers who teach collocations

Developmentalists and Computational Linguists looking at emergent structures in language such as lexical islands and lexical bundles

Won’t you join the Revolution?