From the Messiah in Prophecy to the Messiah

From the Messiah in Prophecy to the Messiah on the Throne A Chronological and Cumulative Examination of the Messiah in Law, Prophecy, & Psalms (for what could have been known about the Messiah in each century B. C. & evidence we can know/use today) • • • The seed - of woman & enmity between Satan The seed - ancestry selected (Abraham; nation foretold) The seed - tribe identified - Judah The seed - a prophet (from among Israel-Judah) – 17 JAN The seed - House of God & the house of David - 17 JAN The seed – in the Psalms (~1000 BC) 24 JAN – 07 FEB

Last Sunday: From God Unveiling & Proclaiming Fulfillment of His Plan to Choosing the Lineage & Identifying Judah as the Tribe The Seed of Woman – enmity w/ Satan: Gen. 3 Perpetual enmity/hatred between seed of woman and seed of Satan • the seed “he” will crush Satan’s head / power. • the seed His heel will be bruised. • of woman (not of man) • from Elohim => virgin birth) Beg. The Seed: Enmity Recorded Patriarchal Period Prophecies of Enoch (Jude 14 -15) • Diff. between ungodly (Satan’s seed) and the godly (seed of woman). • Lord “has come” w/ His myriad of holy ones to judge, convict the ungodly • Eternal darkness The Seed: Position Job 16: 19 -21 – my testifier, my vouching witness is on high Job 19: 25 -27 – “I know…” • Personal rescuer, vindicator, debt-payer lives eternally • He will stand upon the earth at a later time • I will see God with my own eyes “without this flesh” The Seed: Lineage Chosen Covenant & Promises to Abraham: in thy seed shall ALL the nations be blessed Gen 22: 18 => Is. 65: 16 => Gal 3: 16 • Distinguish between physical land-nation promises and spiritual ‘seed’ blessing promise. The Seed: Tribe Identified Judah through whom the seed would come (Gen 49) ~2500 -2000 BC

Moses & the Law (Torah) Gen. – Deut. The Seed of Woman (Gen. 3; not of man => from Elohim - virgin birth) Covenant & Promises to Abraham: in thy seed shall ALL the nations be blessed Gen 22: 18 => Is. 65: 16 => Gal 3: 16 Deut 18: 15 Yahweh thy God will raise up unto thee a prophet from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto him ye shall hearken; Patriarchal Period Prophecies of Enoch (Jude 14 the Law -15), Job 19: 25 -27; Lineage of Seth – Abraham – Jacob -- Judah through whom the seed would come (Gen 49) Beg. Samuel – David (Nathan) ~2500 -2000 BC ~1450 -1400 BC I Sam 16: 1 -13 House of Jesse identified; David anointed; II Sam 7: 12 ff Messiah (anointed one) would be the son of David and the Son of God. II Sam 23: 1 -7 beyond David’s time David – Psalms 2 –rejected/exalted 16 - resurrection 22 - crucifixion 110 – at God’s right hand the Prophets the Psalms 1100 -1000 BC

REVIEW: The Seed of Woman: The Tribe Identified • Prophecy of Jacob/Israel; Gen 49 • Reuben, Simeon, Levi committed grievous acts of immorality (Reuben concubine) or violence (Simeon, Levi avenge Dinah); the latter two were divided and scattered within Israel (49: 7) 49: 8 -10 Judah identified as lineage: • Gen 49: 8 "Judah, your brothers shall praise you; Your hand shall be on the neck of your enemies; Your father's sons shall bow down to you. 9 "Judah is a lion's whelp; From the prey, my son, you have gone up. He couches, he lies down as a lion, And as a lion, who dares rouse him up? 10 "The scepter shall not depart from Judah, Nor the ruler's staff from between his feet, Until Shiloh [he to whom it (the scepter) belongs] comes, And to him shall be the obedience of (all) the peoples. 11 "He ties his foal to the vine, And his donkey's colt to the choice vine; He washes his garments in wine, And his robes in the blood of grapes.

REVIEW: The Seed of Woman: The Tribe Identified 49: 8 -10 Judah identified as lineage: • Judah’s fighting strength numbered the greatest (Num 1) • Judah assigned to the front of the formation of Israel at Sinai (Num 2: 3) • Judah selected by Yahweh first to go up and lead the fight in Canaan (Judges 1: 1 -2) • Judah’s Othniel, nephew of Caleb, first to judge/deliver the people (Judges 3: 9) • From Judah: Boaz – Obed – Jesse – David • Judah would retain physical authority and leadership/rulership until a certain time when it would discontinue as a physical authority though continue as spiritual authority/rulership; • Primary fulfillment in David (physical); I Chron 5: 1 -2 • Ultimate, complete fulfillment in the Messiah (spiritual); Rev 5: 5

The Seed of Woman: The Tribe Identified / Described – Gen 49: 8 -10 Heb. ‘sylh’ as shiloh - Proper noun, the city Shiloh - Shiloh the city is never spelled using ‘sylh’ (no record) - Transliterated word as translators were uncertain how to interpret Heb. ‘sylh’ as selloh/seloh - Supported by 38 Hebrew manuscripts - Fits w/ long from spelled in Ezekiel 21: 27, 32 - Septuagint (Gk transl. of OT ~300 BC agrees with this interpretation) - If Shiloh is insisted upon, then: Shiloh was the sole, central - Earliest manuscripts and earlier spiritual place to which the people authorities (Theodotian) support gathered to present themselves this interpretation before Yahweh (through priests); - Heb ‘ad’ (prep) is inclusive so that Yahweh appeared and spoke there; “until” mean Judah’s prominence ark resided there; people sacrificed will continue when/while He to there; whom the scepter belongs lives - where Yahweh ‘was’ and where He - His domain/rulership will be world spoke. Shiloh means, ‘ruler’, ‘king’, wide (all nations); Israel will enjoy or ‘belonging to’. prosperity during His time.

The Seed as Prophet – Deut 18: 15, 18 -19 • Acts 3: 22 -23 (Peter) and Acts 7: 37 (Stephen) quote Moses, establishing this part of the Law as speaking of the messiah. [Lk 24: 44] Deu 18: 15, 18 -19 "The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you, from your countrymen, you shall listen to him. 18 'I will raise up a prophet from among their countrymen like you, and I will put My words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them all that I command him. 19 'And it shall come about that whoever will not listen to My words which he shall speak in My name, I Myself will require it of him. • Prophet (Heb. nabi) is singular in number throughout this passage (NOT a lineage or dynasty of prophets or descendents of prophetic line) • ‘nabi’ is placed in the emphatic position (preceding the verb) = “… a prophet I will raise up …” [similar to Heb. 1: 1 structure “…God spoke…”] • ‘nabi’ though singular has a distributive property; appears in contexts with judge, priest, king; Moses, Samuel, David. • Use of ‘nabi’ as singular marks the prophecy as a specific individual

The Seed as Prophet – Deut 18: 15, 18 -19 Deu 18: 15, 18 -19 "The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you, from your countrymen, you shall listen to him. 18 'I will raise up a prophet from among their countrymen like you, and I will put My words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them all that I command him. 19 'And it shall come about that whoever will not listen to My words which he shall speak in My name, I Myself will require it of him. • None of the prophets were like Moses, comparing/matching the Lawgiver; Deut 34: 10 -12 ‘Since then no prophet has arisen in Israel like Moses…’ • God revealed Himself directly to Moses, speaking face to face (Num 12: 6 -8) [quoted in Heb 3 to prove the Messiah’s superiority to Moses, “faithful in all my house” vs. “faithful as a son over His (God’s) house”] • In some vital aspect all other prophets [will] missed something that Moses had due to his unique relationship w/ God • Moses is special because of the directness and clarity of messaging between him and God; Moses saw “the form of the Lord” Num 12: 6 -8 • his miracles were public

The Seed as THE Prophet – Deut 18: 15, 18 -19 Deu 18: 15, 18 -19 "The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you, from your countrymen, you shall listen to him. 18 'I will raise up a prophet from among their countrymen like you, and I will put My words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them all that I command him. 19 'And it shall come about that whoever will not listen to My words which he shall speak in My name, I Myself will require it of him. [an accounting] The coming prophet would be: 1. An Israelite ‘from among your brethren’ [from Judah – Gen 49] 2. “like” Moses 3. Authorized by God to declare His word w/ God’s authority 4. He would enjoy intimate ‘face to face’ fellowship w/ God 5. He would perform miracles in public before the nations (like Moses); not in private as did Elijah/Elisha for the most part; Deut 34: 10 -12 6. He would be a lawgiver and mediator, serving intercessorily for the people. 7. He would be a deliverer/rescuer of the people, delivering from bondage.

The Seed as THE Prophet – Deut 18: 15, 18 -19 Jn 6: 14 -15 When therefore the people saw the sign which he did, they said, This is of a truth the prophet that cometh into the world. 15 Jesus therefore perceiving that they were about to come and take him by force, to make him king, withdrew again into the mountain himself alone. [repeated in 7: 40] • Intent to use force to make him king reveals the ignorance of the people of what the Messiah was to ‘look like’, ; what His work and purpose were to be. [Jn 1: 15 -27] • Philip, finding Nathaniel, announced finding the one Moses wrote about in the Law, and about whom the prophets also wrote (Jn 1: 45) • The Samaritan woman from Sychar at Jacob’s well perceived/concluded that Jesus was “the prophet” who was to come (Jn 4: 19, 29) • Deut 18: 15, 19 foretells a single, specific prophet who will be unique in His miracles/signs, will have direct access to God, will deliver God’s Word/Law with God’s authority, will serve as mediator and deliverer, and his office will be one of judge over all the nations (earth). [all men everywhere amenable to His Law]

The Seed as THE Prophet – Samuel (Hannah) 1 Sa 2: 1 -2, 10 Then Hannah prayed and said, "My heart exults in the LORD; My horn is exalted in the LORD, My mouth speaks boldly against my enemies, Because I rejoice in Thy salvation. 2 "There is no one holy like the LORD, Indeed, there is no one besides Thee, Nor is there any rock like our God. 10 "Those who contend with the LORD will be shattered; Against them He will thunder in the heavens, The LORD will judge the ends of the earth; And He will give strength to His king, And will exalt the horn (power) of His anointed. " • Samuel was first in the line of prophets and last in the line of judges; transferred his political authority as judge over to the office of king (anointing of Saul, then David); Samuel is the prophet-judge connecting Moses to David in prophecy. • What God reveals through Hannah may be considered of David in the physical, and of the messiah in the spiritual; God’s Word through Hannah. • Acts 3: 24 “All the prophets from Samuel on…foretold these days”; only in Hannah’s prayer/prophecy do we have a messianic prophecy in connection with Samuel => recorded by Samuel

The Seed as THE Prophet – Samuel 1 Sa 2: 10 The LORD will judge the ends of the earth; And He will give strength to His king, And will exalt the horn (power) of His anointed. " • Judging nations/peoples, ends of the earth (extent of domain) belongs to the Lord alone; as exalted king only the anointed one judges all the earth. • Characteristics of the Messiah as being royal, lawgiver: 1. Promise to Abraham that kings shall come from him (Gen 17: 6, 16) 2. Promise reaffirmed to Jacob; kings shall come from you (Gen 35: 11) 3. Promise of the scepter/staff to Judah (ruling power/judge) Gen 49 a. Obedience (amenability) of all nations promised to the royal-priest seed 4. Promise to give strength/power to the Seed-King, exalt the anointed one, He shall judge all the earth (I Sam 2: 10); singular = a certain one.

The Seed as THE Prophet – time of Samuel (an unknown prophet – a man of God) 1 Sa 2: 27, 35 Then a man of God came to Eli and said to him, "Thus says the LORD: ” … [house of Eli removed from priestly service]; v. 31 – the days come… 35 'But I will raise up for Myself a faithful priest who will do according to what is in My heart and in My soul; and I will build him an enduring house, and it will walk before My anointed always. • Faithful = Heb. ne’eman = used of David’s house/dynasty 2 Sam 7: 16 – his “house and …kingdom will endure forever”; in I Sam 25: 28 = “lasting”; the house of the coming priest will be secure, firmly established, enduring, and reliable/faithful. • I Sam 2: 35 => Jn 8: 29 only true of the Messiah who always did what pleased the Father; “I do always the things that are pleasing to Him. ” • Firmly established house: Moses was faithful IN all (God’s) house (Num 12: 7/Heb 3), the Messiah would be enduring and pleasing in all things as a son OVER God’s house (Heb 3: 6)

The Seed as THE Prophet – time of Samuel (an unknown prophet – a man of God) 1 Sa 2: 27, 35 Then a man of God came to Eli and said to him, "Thus says the LORD: ” … [house of Eli removed from priestly service]; v. 31 – the days come… 35 'But I will raise up for Myself a faithful priest who will do according to what is in My heart and in My soul; and I will build him an enduring house, and it will walk (minister) before My anointed always. • House of Messiah would be composed of the offspring and spiritual seed to which He would come to minister as high priest, & for whom He would sacrifice himself for sin. • ‘walking house’: (1 Sa 2: 30 Therefore Jehovah, the God of Israel, saith, I said indeed that thy house, and the house of thy father, should walk before me for ever: ”); the messiah’s house is the new covenant holy people, royal priesthood (Deut 7: 6; 14: 2; 28: 9; I Peter 2: 9) • v. 35 should read: “I will raise up for Myself an enduring-faithful priest who will do according to what is in My heart and mind. I will firmly establish His house and it will walk/minister before My anointed one always. ”

The Seed – house of God & house of David – the Promises 2 Sam 7: 13 - David’s house/dynasty – instead of David building a house for God, God announces He will make a ‘house’ [dynasty] out of David, from his seed [v. 12], repeating promises He made to the patriarchs – and more! Seven (7) provisions in God’s promised dynasty (God’s Word through Nathan): 1. I will make your name great (2 Sam 7: 9 <= Gen 12: 2) 2. I will provide a place for my people Israel and will plant them (v. 10 <= Gen. 15: 18; Deut 11: 24 -25) 3. I will also give you rest from all your enemies (2 Sam 7: 11; Deut 12: 9) 4. I will raise up your seed to succeed you (2 Sam 7: 12; Gen 17: 7 -10, 19) 5. Your seed will ‘build a house for [God’s] Name” (2 Sam 7: 13; I Ki 8: 18 -20) 6. I will be [your seed’s] father, and He will be My son (2 Sam 7: 14; Ps 89: 26 f) 7. David’s dynasty, kingdom, authority will endure forever (2 Sam 7: 16) Heb. usage of ‘forever’, ‘everlasting’, may have 1 of 3 meanings which is determined by context: (1) enduring for a specific period (eon), (2) enduring under certain conditions for as long as conditions exist, or (3) eternity.

The Seed – house of God & house of David – the Promises 2 Sam 7: 18 -19 – David realizes the significance and profoundness of these promises. He recognizes his own insignificance, God’s blessings thus far, and refers to the promises as “This is the charter for humanity, O Adonai Yaweh!” • This is God’s plan for the whole human race through David’s seed. Use of ‘forever’ in context of the temporal (provincial and transient) means in total context “until He comes to whom it (scepter) belongs”. • God is explicit and infers that David’s seed will rule and endure: • physically for a specific period of time and endure under certain conditions (until He comes); his physical ruling seed ends ~586 B. C. • spiritually for eternity (in view of the anointed one to deliver up the kingdom to the Father at the end of the new covenant dispensation). • Lk 1: 32 -33 – quoting 2 Sam 7: 18 -19 - and he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end. [I Cor 15: 24? ] • Heb. usage of ‘forever’, ‘everlasting’, may have 1 of 3 meanings which is determined by context: (1) enduring for a specific period (eon), (2) enduring under certain conditions for as long as conditions exist (Ex: land promise => if you keep my commandments…), or (3) eternity.

The Seed – house of God & house of David – the Promises God’s promises to David through the prophet Nathan foretell several new features about the coming Messiah/Anointed One of God: 1. The messiah will come from David’s flesh and seed [Judah] 2. He will be David’s heir [given David’s throne] 3. He will be God’s son ? ! => He will be My son [& seed of David] 4. He will have a special kingdom, rule, and reign that will never end 5. He will surely come one day in the future. [Ps 89 & 132] Thus we move from the ‘seed of woman’ who will crush Satan’s power, to the ‘seed of Abraham’ who will be a blessing to all nations, to the ‘seed of David’ whose rule will be world-wide, and never end.

From God Unveiling & Proclaiming Fulfillment of His Plan to Choosing the Lineage : the things that could have been known of “the Seed” The Seed of Woman Gen. 3; • enmity emplaced; • THE seed, not of man => from Elohim => virgin birth? • HE will crush the power & dominion of Satan [aorist = once and final]; • foretold as fulfilled. Enmity recorded; judgment will / has come Prophecies of Enoch (Ju 1415); • diff. between ungodly (Satan’s seed) and the godly (seed of woman); • Lord “has come” w/ His myriad of holy ones to judge, convict the ungodly; • eternal darkness The Seed: Position Job 16: 19 -21 – my testifier, my vouching witness is on high Job 19: 25 -27 • “I know…” my personal rescuer, vindicator, debtpayer lives eternally; • He will stand upon the earth at a later time; • I will see God with my own eyes “without this flesh” Seed: Ancestry Chosen Lineage of Seth – Abraham Beg. Patriarchal Period 2000 BC

From God Choosing the Lineage of the Seed to the Law: the things that could have been known of “the Seed” THE Seed: a prophet THE Seed: Ancestry Chosen, Lineage Assured • Covenant & Promises to Abraham: in thy seed shall ALL the nations be blessed; Gen 22: 18 => Is. 65: 16 => Gal 3: 16 • Distinction between land promise (physical) and spiritual promise (all nations of the earth will be blessed); • Promises repeated to Isaac, Jacob/Israel; heirs of the same promise(s) ~2500 -2000 BC Patriarchal Period THE Seed: Tribe Identified Judah, through whom the seed would come (Gen 49) ~1900 BC Dt 18: 15 • A prophet like Moses from among Israel (Judah) • Authorized to declare His word w/ God’s authority • He would have ‘face to face’ fellowship w/ God • perform miracles in public before the nations (like Moses); Dt 34: 10 -12 • He would be a lawgiver and mediator, intercessor for the people. • He would be a deliverer/rescuer of the people, delivering from bondage ~1450 -1400 BC The Law

From God Speaking through Moses to the House of David: the things that could have been known of “the Seed” THE Seed: prophet, priest, king (Ps 132 language confirms) Dt 18: 15 (Moses / God) I Sam 2: 10 The LORD will judge the ends of the earth; • Authorized to declare His And He will give strength to His king, And will exalt word w/ God’s authority the horn (power) of His anointed. " • He would have ‘face to I Sam 2: 27, 35 I will raise up for Myself a faithful face’ fellowship w/ God (enduring) priest who will do according to what is in • perform miracles in public My heart and in My soul; and I will build him an before the nations (like enduring house, and it will walk before My anointed Moses); Dt 34: 10 -12 always. • He would be a lawgiver • 1 Sam 16: 1 -13 House of Jesse identified; David and mediator, intercessor anointed for the people. • I will be [your seed’s] father, and He will be My • He would be a son (2 Sam 7: 14; Ps 89: 26 f); Son of God, s. of deliverer/rescuer of the David; David’s dynasty, kingdom, authority will people, delivering from endure forever (2 Sam 7: 16) bondage • II Sam 23: 1 -7 beyond David’s time; David dies. ~1450 -1400 BC ~1000 BC THE Seed: a prophet The Law

Questions or Discussion

Last Sunday: From God Unveiling & Proclaiming Fulfillment of His Plan to Choosing the Lineage & Identifying Judah as the Tribe The Seed of Woman – enmity w/ Satan: Gen. 3 Perpetual enmity/hatred between seed of woman and seed of Satan • the seed “he” will crush Satan’s head / power. • the seed His heel will be bruised. • of woman (not of man) • from Elohim => virgin birth) Beg. The Seed: Enmity Recorded Patriarchal Period Prophecies of Enoch (Jude 14 -15) • Diff. between ungodly (Satan’s seed) and the godly (seed of woman). • Lord “has come” w/ His myriad of holy ones to judge, convict the ungodly • Eternal darkness The Seed: Position Job 16: 19 -21 – my testifier, my vouching witness is on high Job 19: 25 -27 – “I know…” • Personal rescuer, vindicator, debt-payer lives eternally • He will stand upon the earth at a later time • I will see God with my own eyes “without this flesh” The Seed: Lineage Chosen Covenant & Promises to Abraham: in thy seed shall ALL the nations be blessed Gen 22: 18 => Is. 65: 16 => Gal 3: 16 • Distinguish between physical land-nation promises and spiritual ‘seed’ blessing promise. The Seed: Tribe Identified Judah through whom the seed would come (Gen 49) ~2500 -2000 BC

The Seed of Woman: Jacob/Israel - (Judah) – David – Messiah Balaam’s Prophecy – Num 24: 16 -19 Num 24: 16 The oracle of him who hears the words of God, And knows the knowledge of the Most High, Who sees the vision of the Almighty, Falling down, yet having his eyes uncovered. 17 "I see him, but now; I behold him, but not near; A star shall come forth from Jacob, And a scepter shall rise from Israel, And shall crush through the forehead of Moab, And tear down all the sons of Sheth. 18 "And Edom shall be a possession, Seir, its enemies, also shall be a possession, While Israel performs valiantly. 19 "One from Jacob shall have dominion, And shall destroy the remnant from the city. "

The Writing Prophets The Law (S. Kingdom) Divided Kingdom Isaiah – nations-ethnos to go up to Yahweh’s mountain; remnant to be redeemed; seed of Yaweh + seed of David combined; Immanuel, virgin birth servant and sacrificial lamb; glory of Zion under the Servant’s rule. Micah – Bethlehem; only mention of place 950 830 -800 BC 755 - 700 BC Zephaniah – pure language, of the HS Habakkuk – righteous shall live by His faith Zechariah – redeemed to be the lampstand to bear Messiah’s light to the world; selling of Messiah for 30 pcs. silver; insights into spiritual conflict and victory of the redeemed. Jeremiah – detailed the new covenant Ezekiel – Messiah as appointed shepherd, temple and city of God. Daniel – time Messiah would arrive (Rome); kingdom, dominion on return to heaven 630 -600 BC Malachi forerunner, messenger, ‘Elijah’ 500 BC 445 -432 Amos – fall / restoration of house of David, latter time. Joel – Hosea – Israel outpouring of scattered; new HS covenant; restored as “My people” under their king, called David.