From the Messiah in Prophecy to the Messiah

• • From the Messiah in Prophecy to the Messiah on the Throne The seed - of woman & enmity between Satan The seed - ancestry selected (Abraham – Judah The seed - the prophet like Moses; promises to David The seed – Messiah in Psalms (~1000 BC); 2, 8, 16, 22, 40, 45, 68, 69 03 JAN 10 JAN 17 JAN 24 JAN-07 FEB The seed – In the Prophets: Joel, Obadiah [9 th c. BC] The seed - In the Prophets: Amos, Hosea [8 th c. Israel] The seed – In the Prophets: Micah, Isaiah [8 th-7 th c. Judah] The seed – In the Prophets: 6 th Zephaniah, Habakkuk, Jeremiah The seed – In the Prophets: Ezekiel, Daniel (6 th c. BC) The seed – In the Prophets: Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi The seed – Summary from the Garden to Malachi The seed – God Incarnate: As Prophet The seed – God Incarnate: As Priest (Living Sacrifice as Lamb) The seed – God Incarnate: As King (dominion) The seed – God Incarnate: As Judge (word, law, covenant) The seed – Comprehensive Fulfillment of All Prophecy 14 FEB 21 FEB 28 FEB-13 MAR 20 -27 MAR 10 -17 APR 24 APR 01 MAY 15 MAY 22 -29 MAY 05 JUN 12 JUN 19 JUN 26 JUN 72, 78, 89, 102, 109, 110, 118, 132 • • • • A Chronological & Cumulative Examination of the Messiah in the Law, Prophets, Psalms, Fulfillment, & Enthronement

From God Unveiling & Proclaiming Fulfillment of His Plan to Choosing the Lineage : the things that could have been known of “the Seed” The Seed of Woman – ‘He’ Gen. 3; enmity; HE will crush the power & dominion of Satan Beg. The Seed – as (Lord) Judge who has come Enoch (Jude 14 -15); Lord “has come” w/ His myriad of holy ones to judge, convict the ungodly; The Seed: Redeemer The Seed: Lineage Chosen THE Seed: Tribe Identified Judah, Lineage of Seth – (Gen 49) Job 16: 19 -21 Noah – Shem ‘scepter shall my testifier, my Abraham - Isaac– not vouching witness is Jacob/Israel depart…until on high shilloh comes’; Land promise “He to whom it Job 19: 25 -27 rightfully “I know…” my debt (temporal) -payer lives Spiritual covenant belongs” Ezek 21: 25 -27 eternally; (eternal) He will stand upon the earth at a later time; I will see God with my own eyes “without this flesh” Patriarchal Period 2000 -1900 BC

From Moses to David: the things that could have been known of “the Seed” THE Seed: a prophet like unto Moses (but from Judah) Dt 18: 15 • Speak w/ God’s authority THE Seed: prophet, priest, king, judge, David’s son/God’s Son, eternal rule: • will judge the ends of the earth • ‘face to face’ w/ God • I will raise up for Myself a faithful (enduring) priest • perform miracles in public before the nations • will give strength to His king • will exalt the horn (power) of His anointed. • I will build him an enduring house; it will walk before My anointed always. • a lawgiver and mediator, intercessor • House of Jesse identified; David anointed • a deliverer/rescuer of the people, delivering from bondage • Son of God & son of David; rule, kingdom, authority will endure forever (2 Sam 7: 16) ~1450 -1400 BC • I will be His father, and He will be My son • David dies; his body “sees corruption” ~ 1050 – 950 BC The Law & Prophets (incl. Moses, Samuel, David)

The Seed as THE Prophet – Deut 18: 15, 18 -19 Deu 18: 15, 18 -19 "The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you, from your countrymen, you shall listen to him. 18 'I will raise up a prophet from among their countrymen like you, and I will put My words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them all that I command him. 19 'And it shall come about that whoever will not listen to My words which he shall speak in My name, I Myself will require it of him. [an accounting] The coming prophet would be: 1. An Israelite ‘from among your brethren’ [from Judah – Gen 49] 2. “like” Moses 3. Authorized by God to declare His word w/ God’s authority 4. He would enjoy intimate ‘face to face’ fellowship w/ God 5. He would perform miracles in public before the nations (like Moses); not in private as did Elijah/Elisha for the most part; Deut 34: 10 -12 6. He would be a lawgiver and mediator, serving intercessorily for the people. 7. He would be a deliverer/rescuer of the people, delivering from bondage.

The Seed as THE Prophet – Deut 18: 15, 18 -19 Jn 6: 14 -15 When therefore the people saw the sign which he did, they said, This is of a truth the prophet that cometh into the world. 15 Jesus therefore perceiving that they were about to come and take him by force, to make him king, withdrew again into the mountain himself alone. [repeated in 7: 40] • Intent to use force to make him king reveals the ignorance of the people of what the Messiah was to ‘look like’, ; what His work and purpose were to be. [Jn 1: 15 -27] • Philip, finding Nathaniel, announced finding the one Moses wrote about in the Law, and about whom the prophets also wrote (Jn 1: 45) • The Samaritan woman from Sychar at Jacob’s well perceived/concluded that Jesus was “the prophet” who was to come (Jn 4: 19, 29) • Deut 18: 15, 19 foretells a single, specific prophet who will be unique in His miracles/signs, will have direct access to God, will deliver God’s Word/Law with God’s authority, will serve as mediator and deliverer, and his office will be one of judge over all the nations (earth). [all men everywhere amenable to His Law]

The Seed as THE Prophet – Samuel (Hannah) 1 Sa 2: 1 -2, 10 Then Hannah prayed and said, "My heart exults in the LORD; My horn is exalted in the LORD, My mouth speaks boldly against my enemies, Because I rejoice in Thy salvation. 2 "There is no one holy like the LORD, Indeed, there is no one besides Thee, Nor is there any rock like our God. 10 "Those who contend with the LORD will be shattered; Against them He will thunder in the heavens, The LORD will judge the ends of the earth; And He will give strength to His king, And will exalt the horn (power) of His anointed. " • Samuel was first in the line of prophets and last in the line of judges; transferred his political authority as judge over to the office of king (anointing of Saul, then David); Samuel is the prophet-judge connecting Moses to David in prophecy. • What God reveals through Hannah may be considered of David in the physical, and of the messiah in the spiritual; God’s Word through Hannah. • Acts 3: 24 “All the prophets from Samuel on…foretold these days”; only in Hannah’s prayer/prophecy do we have a messianic prophecy in connection with Samuel => recorded by Samuel

The Seed as THE Prophet – Samuel 1 Sa 2: 10 The LORD will judge the ends of the earth; And He will give strength to His king, And will exalt the horn (power) of His anointed. " • Judging nations/peoples, ends of the earth (extent of domain) belongs to the Lord alone; as exalted king only the anointed one judges all the earth. • Characteristics of the Messiah as being royal, lawgiver: 1. Promise to Abraham that kings shall come from him (Gen 17: 6, 16) 2. Promise reaffirmed to Jacob; kings shall come from you (Gen 35: 11) 3. Promise of the scepter/staff to Judah (ruling power/judge) Gen 49 a. Obedience (amenability) of all nations promised to the royal-priest seed 4. Promise to give strength/power to the Seed-King, exalt the anointed one, He shall judge all the earth (I Sam 2: 10); singular = a certain one.

The Seed as THE Prophet – time of Samuel (an unknown prophet – a man of God) 1 Sa 2: 27, 35 Then a man of God came to Eli and said to him, "Thus says the LORD: ” … [house of Eli removed from priestly service]; v. 31 – the days come… 35 'But I will raise up for Myself a faithful priest who will do according to what is in My heart and in My soul; and I will build him an enduring house, and it will walk before My anointed always. • Faithful = Heb. ne’eman = used of David’s house/dynasty 2 Sam 7: 16 – his “house and …kingdom will endure forever”; in I Sam 25: 28 = “lasting”; the house of the coming priest will be secure, firmly established, enduring, and reliable/faithful. • I Sam 2: 35 => Jn 8: 29 only true of the Messiah who always did what pleased the Father; “I do always the things that are pleasing to Him. ” • Firmly established house: Moses was faithful IN all (God’s) house (Num 12: 7/Heb 3), the Messiah would be enduring and pleasing in all things as a son OVER God’s house (Heb 3: 6)

The Seed as THE Prophet – time of Samuel (an unknown prophet – a man of God) 1 Sa 2: 27, 35 Then a man of God came to Eli and said to him, "Thus says the LORD: ” … [house of Eli removed from priestly service]; v. 31 – the days come… 35 'But I will raise up for Myself a faithful priest who will do according to what is in My heart and in My soul; and I will build him an enduring house, and it will walk (minister) before My anointed always. • House of Messiah would be composed of the offspring and spiritual seed to which He would come to minister as high priest, & for whom He would sacrifice himself for sin. • ‘walking house’: (1 Sa 2: 30 Therefore Jehovah, the God of Israel, saith, I said indeed that thy house, and the house of thy father, should walk before me for ever: ”); the messiah’s house is the new covenant holy people, royal priesthood (Deut 7: 6; 14: 2; 28: 9; I Peter 2: 9) • v. 35 should read: “I will raise up for Myself an enduring-faithful priest who will do according to what is in My heart and mind. I will firmly establish His house and it will walk/minister before My anointed one always. ”

The Seed – house of God & house of David – the Promises 2 Sam 7: 13 - David’s house/dynasty – instead of David building a house for God, God announces He will make a ‘house’ [dynasty] out of David, from his seed [v. 12], repeating promises He made to the patriarchs – and more! Seven (7) provisions in God’s promised dynasty (God’s Word through Nathan): 1. I will make your name great (2 Sam 7: 9 <= Gen 12: 2) 2. I will provide a place for my people Israel and will plant them (v. 10 <= Gen. 15: 18; Deut 11: 24 -25) 3. I will also give you rest from all your enemies (2 Sam 7: 11; Deut 12: 9) 4. I will raise up your seed to succeed you (2 Sam 7: 12; Gen 17: 7 -10, 19) 5. Your seed will ‘build a house for [God’s] Name” (2 Sam 7: 13; I Ki 8: 18 -20) 6. I will be [your seed’s] father, and He will be My son (2 Sam 7: 14; Ps 89: 26 f) 7. David’s dynasty, kingdom, authority will endure forever (2 Sam 7: 16)

The Seed – house of God & house of David – the Promises 2 Sam 7: 18 -19 – David realizes the significance and profoundness of these promises. He recognizes his own insignificance, God’s blessings thus far, and refers to the promises as “This is the charter for humanity, O Adonai Yaweh!” • This is God’s plan for the whole human race through David’s seed. Use of ‘forever’ in context of the temporal (provincial and transient) means in total context “until He comes to whom it (scepter) belongs”. • God is explicit and infers that David’s seed will rule and endure: • physically for a specific period of time and endure under certain conditions (until He comes); his physical ruling seed ends ~586 B. C. • spiritually for eternity (in view of the anointed one to deliver up the kingdom to the Father at the end of the new covenant dispensation). • Lk 1: 32 -33 – quoting 2 Sam 7: 18 -19 - and he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end. [I Cor 15: 24? ] • Heb. usage of ‘forever’, ‘everlasting’, may have 1 of 3 meanings which is determined by context: (1) enduring for a specific period (eon), (2) enduring under certain conditions for as long as conditions exist (Ex: land promise => if you keep my commandments…), or (3) eternity.

The Seed – house of God & house of David – the Promises God’s promises to David through the prophet Nathan foretell several new features about the coming Messiah/Anointed One of God: 1. The messiah will come from David’s flesh and seed [Judah] 2. He will be David’s heir [given David’s throne] 3. He will be God’s son ? ! => He will be My son [& seed of David] 4. He will have a special kingdom, rule, and reign that will never end 5. He will surely come one day in the future. [Ps 89 & 132] Thus we move from the ‘seed of woman’ who will crush Satan’s power, to the ‘seed of Abraham’ who will be a blessing to all nations, to the ‘seed of David’ whose rule will be world-wide, and never end.

Period of David: the things that could have been known of “the Seed” Rejected & Exalted Incarnated Suffering, Death, Resurrection Death by Crucifixion Incarnation for Obedience Reign / death Betrayal, reproach, suffering before tormenters Triumph, Eternal reign, universal dominion Divine covenant, son of God/David, Endure forever Suffering, victory, eternal reign Betrayal, suffering before tormenters A priest forever Stone rejected by builders; exalted by God Enthroned on Zion; salvation-clothed ‘priests’ The Law & Prophets (David) ~ 1050 – 950 BC

Period of David: the things that could have been known of “the Seed” THE Seed: prophet, priest, king, judge, son of David/Son of God; eternal rule: Ps 2: I have set my king…upon Zion…Thou art My son, this day have I begotten Thee; I will give the nations as Your inheritance; uttermost parts of the earth as Your possession; you shall rule them with a rod of iron. Ps 8: Thou hast made Him a little lower than the angels; thou makest Him to have dominion over the works of Thy hands; Thou has put all things under His feet. Ps 16: I have set the Lord ever before Me; He is at My right hand; thou wilt not leave my soul in hell nor suffer Thine Holy One to see corruption. Ps 22: I am a worm…a reproach of men…they shake the head at me saying ‘Commit thyself unto Yahweh; Let Him deliver Him’…they pierced My hands and feet; they part my garments and upon my vesture do they cast lots… The Law & Prophets (David) ~ 1050 – 950 BC

Period of David: the things that could have been known of “the Seed” THE Seed: prophet, priest, king, judge, son of David/Son of God; eternal rule: Ps 40: A body Thou hast prepared for Me (my ears Thou has opened); Lo, I am come; in the scroll it is written of Me; I delight to do Thy Will, O My God. Ps 45: A scepter of uprightness is the scepter of Thy kingdom; God has anointed Thee with the oil of joy above Thy companions; all Thy garments are myrrh and aloes and cassia… Ps 68: Thou hast been carried up on high; thou has led captivity captive; Thou hast received gifts for mankind. Ps 69: I am weary with crying, my throat is parched (I thirst); my eyes fail while I wait for My God. Those who hate me without cause…zeal for Thy house has consumed Me, and the reproaches of those who reproach Thee have fallen on Me. They gave me gall…for my thirst they gave Me vinegar to drink. The Law & Prophets (David) ~ 1050 – 950 BC

Period of David: the things that could have been known of “the Seed” THE Seed: prophet, priest, king, judge, son of David/Son of God; eternal rule: Ps 72: He shall have dominion from sea to sea; all nations shall serve Him; He will redeem their soul…His name shall endure forever. Ps 89: I have made a covenant with My Chosen One; I will establish your seed forever; righteousness and justice are the foundation of Thy throne; …our king to the Holy One of Israel; He will cry to Me, “Thou art My Father, My God”; I shall also make Him My first-born… the highest of the kings of the earth… Ps 102: Hide not Thy face from Me; Mine enemies reproach Me; Ps 109: They have spoken against Me with lying tongue; I have become a reproach; they wag their head. Help Me O Lord My God. Ps 110: Lord said to My Lord, Sit at My right hand until I make Thine enemies thy footstool; rod of strength out of Zion; a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek; He will judge among the nations. The Law & Prophets (David) ~ 1050 – 950 BC

Period of David: the things that could have been known of “the Seed” THE Seed: prophet, priest, king, judge, son of David/Son of God; eternal rule: Ps 118 : The stone which the builders rejected has become the chief corner (pinnacle capstone). This is the Lord’s doing; it is marvelous in our eyes (only God can do this); blessed is the one who comes in the name of the Lord; Ps 132: The Lord has chosen Zion; her priests I will clothe with salvation; There I will cause the horn of David to spring forth; I have prepared a lamp for Mine anointed. Upon Him His [high priestly] crown shall be resplendent. The Law & Prophets (David) ~ 1050 – 950 BC

The Messiah in the Psalms In Order of Placement of the Psalms • Messiah Enthroned : Ps 2 “thou art My Son” • Incarnation: Ps 8 “a little lower than God” • Death, Burial, Resurrection: Ps 16, 22 “He is at my right hand” • Incarnation, Plan, Marriage: Ps 40, 45 “Behold, I come; ” • Reign/Triumph: Ps 68 “ascended on high; captives” • Betrayal: Ps 69 “I have borne reproach” • Triumph/Glorious Reign: Ps 72 “dominion from sea to sea” • David’s Greater Son/Promises: Ps 89 “his seed shall endure forever” • Victory over death: Ps 102 “hide not they face” • Betrayal: Ps 109 “they shake their head” • Ministry/bridegroom: Ps 110 “a priest forever…” • Rejection: Ps 118 “stone builders rejected” • House David’s Son will build: Ps 132 “sit upon thy throne”

950 Obadiah judgment on Edom (world); escape will be in Zion, ‘those days’ Amos – restoration of house of David, latter time. Hosea – Israel scattered; new covenant; restored as “My people” under their king, called David. Joel – outpouring of HS; secure in Zion In latter days Isaiah – nations-ethnos to go up to Yahweh’s mountain; remnant to be redeemed; seed of Yaweh + seed of David combined; Immanuel, virgin birth servant and sacrificial lamb; glory of Zion under the Servant’s rule. Micah – from Bethlehem shall go forth a leader 850 -800 BC 755 - 700 BC 724 Zephaniah – pure language, of the HS Habakkuk – righteous shall live by His faith Jeremiah – details the new covenant Zechariah – redeemed to be the lampstand to bear Messiah’s light to the world; selling of Messiah for 30 pcs. silver; insights into spiritual conflict and victory of the redeemed. Malachi forerunner, messenger, ‘Elijah’ Ezekiel – Messiah planted, appointed shepherd, everlasting covenant Daniel – timing of Messiah arrival; (Rome); kingdom, dominion on return to heaven 630 -600 BC 586 445 -432 Jeroboam: N. Kingdom (Israel) Rehoboam: S. Kingdom Judah/Benjamin Divided Kingdom The Writing Prophets The Law (S. Kingdom)

9 th c. B. C. Prophets: Obadiah ~850 B. C. Oba 1: 15 ff For the day of the LORD is near upon all the heathen: as thou hast done, it shall be done unto thee: thy reward shall return upon thine own head. 17 But upon mount Zion shall be deliverance, and there shall be holiness… 21 The deliverers will ascend Mount Zion To judge the mountain of Esau, And the kingdom will be the LORD'S. • God provides a means of escape for those who turn to Him & obey; the Lord’s people are always triumphant (through all of time); Heb 12: 22 – we have come to Mt. Zion… and 1 Cor 6: 2 – we (the sanctified) shall judge the world. Rev 5: 5 -6; 14: 1 • God provides for the inescapable judgment, punishment, and destruction of the world (Edom); the arrogant of heart (rebellion) who trust in themselves and defy God, and who persecute the Lord’s people.

Joel ~845 - 830 B. C. – use of “the day of the Lord” “Day of Yahweh” [temporal; time of Joel] Call to repentance – 1: 2 -2: 17 Locusts, drought, fire devastate Judah Call to mourning & prayer Summons to repentance; blessings (II Chron 7: 13 -14); more than ample warning “Day of Yahweh” [spiritual; future] day of blessing/terror coming – 2: 18 -3: 21 [restoration] blessings promised upon repentance – 2: 18 -32 outpouring of the Spirit – 2: 28 -29 judgment on the wicked – 2: 30 -31 escape of a remnant in Zion – 2: 32, 3: 20

Joel ~845 - 830 B. C. – “the day of the Lord” [time of Joel] 2: 11 -13 – Ch. 2 opens with prophetic allegory (hyperbole, metaphor) indicative of when the eternal [heaven, Divine] interacts with the temporal, either acting to fulfill and/or render judgment (a determination, decision, fulfillment of promise, etc. ); common to Ezek/Daniel/Zechariah/Revelation. The day of the LORD is indeed great and very awesome, and who can endure it? "Yet even now, " declares the LORD, "Return to Me with all your heart, And with fasting, weeping, and mourning; And rend your heart and not your garments. " Now return to the LORD your God, For He is gracious and compassionate, Slow to anger, abounding in lovingkindness, And relenting of evil.

Joel ~845 - 830 B. C. – “the day of the Lord” [Acts 2/Pentecost] Joel 2: 28 -32 And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out my Spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dreams, your young men shall see visions: and also upon the servants and upon the handmaids in those days will I pour out my Spirit. And I will show wonders in the heavens and in the earth: blood, and fire, and pillars of smoke. The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and terrible day of Yahweh cometh. And it shall come to pass, that whosoever shall call on the name of Yahweh shall be delivered; for in mount Zion and in Jerusalem there shall be those that escape, as Yahweh hath said, and among the remnant those whom Yahweh doth call. • The outpouring of the HS brought forth a rich spiritual harvest (Acts 2), one that would continue worldwide until His return. • “prophesy” stands for the whole of teaching; visions/dreams complemented the impartations of gifts and revelation of the New.

Joel ~845 - 830 B. C. – “the day of the Lord” [Acts 2/Pentecost] Joel 2: 32 And it shall come to pass, that whosoever shall call on the name of Jehovah shall be delivered; for in mount Zion and in Jerusalem there shall be those that escape, as Jehovah hath said, and among the remnant those whom Jehovah doth call. • Heb 12: 22 Joel 3: 1 ff "For behold, in those days and at that time, When I restore the fortunes of Judah and Jerusalem, I will gather all the nations… • Two judgments foretold: one temporal, one spiritual • Jehoshaphat = Yahweh judges [valley of Yahweh judges] 3: 16 ff - But the LORD is a refuge for His people And a stronghold to the sons of Israel. Then you will know that I am the LORD your God, dwelling in Zion My holy mountain. So Jerusalem will be holy… • The temple did not sit on Zion; • The prosperity referenced is a spiritual prosperity

Summary of “Firsts”: Prophecies of the Writing Prophets Name Joel Verse Joel 2: 21 -32 Prophecy Outpouring of the Holy Spirit; HS mission and blessings Significance From Creation to Prophets (Patriarchal and Mosaical) Spirit of God had been involved in creation (Gen 1: 1 -2) and made and gave life (Job 33: 4); Spirit had provided delivery (Judges) and messages of prophecy (Moses – Num 11: 24 -29), Samuel (I Sam 10: 6); David (I Sam 16: 13; II Sam 23: 2). Spirit had specific, defined, limited roles; limited to specific persons w/ special roles. Under the New Dispensation: (not called as such; referred to as “great and terrible day of Yahweh” • Joel pointed to a time (during post-exilic restorative period 2: 21 -27) • “all flesh” (God’s people from all ethnos/nations) would receive the blessings of the HS (Joel 2: 21 -27 => Acts 2: 16, 28). Immersion of HS signifying w/ a sign of God’s choice, designation, and blessing and approval - Acts 1: 5; 2: 1 -4; 10: 44; 11: 5. All flesh regardless of age, gender – Acts 21: 9; I Cor 11: 5, and continues to this day though in more limited or ‘less directly observable’ manner. • Joel pointed to the destruction of Jerusalem and the end of the Old Law , and God’s judgment on Jewish order when he described clouds of smoke, darkening of the sun, moon as blood, etc. • During Joel’s time Obadiah (17) prophesied that there would be those who would escape in the spiritual mount Zion / Jerusalem (the church, assembly, Heb 12: 18 -29), with Joel complementing that prophecy with “Whoever shall call upon the name of Yahweh shall be delivered. ” 2: 32 – “among the remnant those whom Yahweh doth call. ” (II Pet 1: 3 -4 & 3: 10) • Foretells the new dispensation of the law of Christ, the work of the HS in the apostles, prophets, evangelists and teachers of the 1 st c. throughout the NT, and continues today through the inspired complete revelation of the word of God. By 830 B. C. after the prophecies of Joel: Faithful Jews could have known: the Seed (of the woman, no fleshly father mentioned) would be male, of the flesh and lineage from Judah, a lawgiver and prophet ‘like unto Moses’; as vindicator/redeemer (Job) he would stand upon the earth; he would be rejected, crucified, resurrected, seated at the right hand of God (David), that the great and terrible day of Yahweh would be during a time of restorative peace, prosperity, the old order would be abolished as the HS will be poured out upon all flesh (Jew+Gentile), a remnant will be called and delivered, those who call upon the name of Yahweh (Joel); and that the Lord would come with myriads of His holy ones (angels) to execute judgment upon all and to convict all the ungodly of all their works of ungodliness…(Enoch’s prophesy in Jude 14 -15; a law of God and God as Judge inferred as early as Enoch. 8 3 0 B C

8 th c. B. C. Prophets – Amos ~755 BC & Hosea ~725 • Amos – God’s plan to rebuild the house of David, restoring it as in days of old (one king/one kingdom), and the remnant of the world (Edom) would be part of His possession as Jew/Gentile in the days that He would pour out His Spirit. • Hosea – like Amos the HS speaks through Hosea of the restorative work of the Messiah; those who are “not My people” shall be made to be “My people” as Gentile/Jew are united in the Messiah as Yahweh plants a spiritual people on the earth through His Messiah. • Psalms reveals much about the Messiah, followed by prophets who speak of the restorative work of the Messiah…what His suffering, death, and resurrection will bring; His covenant, kingdom, dominion. Rebuild house of David; remnant Day of the Lord; judgment; Mt. Zion ----- Obadiah -------- Amos ------ HS poured out; all nations New covenant; “My people” ------ Joel ------ 875 850 840 830 ---Hosea-- 800 790 750 740 720

Late 8 th – Early 7 th c. B. C. Prophet – Micah • Mic 2: 12 -13 “…I will surely gather the remnant of Israel. I will put them together like sheep in the fold…their king goes on before them, And the LORD [is] at their head. " [Is 10: 22 ff; 11: 10 -11] • Mic 3: 12 Therefore, on account of you, Zion will be plowed as a field, Jerusalem will become a heap of ruins, And the mountain of the temple will become high places of a forest. • Mic 4: 1 And it will come about in the last days That the mountain of the house of the LORD Will be established as the chief of the mountains. It will be raised above the hills, And the peoples will stream to it. And many nations will come and say, "Come and let us go up to the mountain of the LORD And to the house of the God of Jacob, That He may teach us about His ways And that we may walk in His paths. " For from Zion will go forth the law, Even the word of the LORD from Jerusalem. From you O Bethlehem… ----- Obadiah --------- Joel -------Micah----- Amos ---Hosea--Isaiah Day of the Lord; Zion; remnant; HS outpoured 875 850 840 830 Restore H. of David; new covenant 800 790 750 740 720

Late 8 th – Early 7 th c. B. C. Prophet – Micah • Mic 4: 3 ff And He will judge between many peoples And render decisions for mighty, distant nations. Then they will hammer their swords into plowshares And their spears into pruning hooks; Nation will not lift up sword against nation, And never again will they train for war. And each of them will sit under his vine And under his fig tree, With no one to make them afraid, For the mouth of the LORD of hosts has spoken. (Is 9: 7) • Mic 4: 6 -7 "In that day, " declares the LORD, "I will assemble the lame, And gather the outcasts, Even those whom I have afflicted. "I will make the lame a remnant, And the outcasts a strong nation, And the LORD will reign over them in Mount Zion From now on and forever. (Is 35: 6; 8: 22; 9: 2) From you O Bethlehem… ----- Obadiah --------- Joel -------Micah----- Amos ---Hosea--Isaiah Day of the Lord; Zion; remnant; HS outpoured 875 850 840 830 Restore H. of David; new covenant 800 790 750 740 720

Late 8 th – Early 7 th c. B. C. Prophet – Micah • Mic 5: 2 -4 " But as for you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, Too little to be among the clans of Judah, From you One will go forth for Me to be ruler in Israel. His goings forth are from long ago, From the days of eternity. " Therefore, He will give them up until the time When she who is in labor has borne a child. Then the remainder of His brethren Will return to the sons of Israel. And He will [stand] arise and shepherd [feed/pasture] His flock In the strength of the LORD, In the majesty of the name of the LORD His God. And they will remain [abide], Because at that time He will be great To the ends of the earth. • Bethlehem (house/village of bread); birthplace of David; city of David; known as the city in which the Messiah would be born (Mt 2: 5 -6). • Goings forth from long ago/from days of eternity = eternal w/ Yahweh From you O Bethlehem… ----- Obadiah --------- Joel -------Micah----- Amos ---Hosea--Isaiah Day of the Lord; Zion; remnant; HS outpoured 875 850 840 830 Restore H. of David; new covenant 800 790 750 740 720

Isaiah • Isa 2 …In the last days, The mountain of the house of the LORD Will be established as the chief of the mountains…and all the nations will stream to it. And many peoples will come and say, "Come, let us go up to the mountain of the LORD…that He may teach us concerning His ways, And that we may walk in His paths. " For the law will go forth from Zion… the word of the LORD from Jerusalem. • Isa 4 In that day the Branch of the LORD will be beautiful and glorious • Isa 5 He will also lift up a standard to the distant nation • Isa 6 – And He said, "Go, and tell this people: 'Keep on listening, but do not perceive; Keep on looking, but do not understand. ‘ • Isa 7 "Therefore the Lord Himself will give you a sign: Behold, a virgin will be with child and bear a son, and she will call His name Immanuel. • Isa 9: 2 The people who walk in darkness Will see a great light; Those who live in a dark land, The light will shine on them. [Mt 4: 15 -17] 740 700

Isaiah Isa 9 For a child will be born to us, a son will be given to us; And the government will rest on His shoulders; And His name will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Eternal Father, Prince of Peace. There will be no end to the increase of His government or of peace, On the throne of David and over his kingdom, To establish it and to uphold it with justice and righteousness From then on and forevermore. The zeal of the LORD of hosts will accomplish this. Isa 11 Then a shoot will spring from the stem of Jesse, And a branch from his roots will bear fruit. And the Spirit of the LORD will rest on Him, The spirit of wisdom and understanding, The spirit of counsel and strength, The spirit of knowledge and the fear of the LORD. Isa 11 And He will delight in the fear of the Lord (Yahweh) Isa 11 For the earth will be full of the knowledge of the LORD As the waters cover the sea. Then it will come about in that day That the nations will resort to the root of Jesse, Who will stand as a signal for the peoples [11: 12]; 740 700

Isaiah 11 – the 2 nd Recovery of a Remnant Isa 11: 11 -16 Then it will happen on that day that the Lord Will again recover the second time with His hand The remnant of His people, who will remain…And He will lift up a standard for the nations, And will assemble the banished ones of Israel, And will gather the dispersed of Judah From the four corners of the earth. • ~140 years before the Babylonian Captivity of the S. Kingdom, and ~210 years before that captured “first” remnant returned to rebuild the temple and Jerusalem (Haggai, Zechariah, Nehemiah), Isaiah foretells the gathering of a remnant a second time “on that day”, when the banished of Israel and dispersed of Judah shall be assembled, and Edom possessed. Day of the 586 BC Babylonians capture S. Kingdom, 520 BC remnant of Jews destroy Jerusalem begin returning to Jerusalem (Haggai) Lord/Day of Pentecost 2 nd remnant “of His people” who will remain… Isaiah 700 600 586 520 400 300 200 100 33 AD

Isa 12 – rejoicing of the remnant Isaiah 12: 1 …on that day, "I will give thanks to Thee, O LORD; For although Thou wast angry with me, Thine anger is turned away… reconciliation Isaiah 12 foretells 6 imperatives characterizing the reconciled remnant: 1. They/We will give thanks to Yahweh [prayer, song, thanksgiving] 2. They/We will call upon His name[obedience / worship] 3. They/We will declare His doings among the peoples/nations [preaching] 4. They/We will make mention that His name is exalted [evangelism] 5. They/We will sing unto Yahweh for He has done excellent things [song] 6. They/We will proclaim this in all the earth. [evangelism] 7. They/We as Zion’s inhabitants will cry aloud and shout (Heb 12: 22; Rev 14: 7) For great in the midst of thee is the Holy One of Israel (vv. 4 -6). • This is directed to every individual ever redeemed by the Messiah! As foretold ~750 yrs before Christ/Pentecost; >2, 760 yrs ago for us!

Isa 28: 16 -17 Therefore thus says the Lord GOD, "Behold, I am laying in Zion a stone, a tested stone, A costly cornerstone for the foundation, firmly placed. He who believes in it will not be disturbed. And I will make justice the measuring line, And righteousness the level; [I Pet 2: 6; Rom 9: 33; 10: 11] Isa 35 …Then the eyes of the blind will be opened, And the ears of the deaf will be unstopped. Then the lame will leap like a deer, And the tongue of the dumb will shout for joy. For waters will break forth in the wilderness…And the glowing sand [mirage] will become a pool, And the thirsty ground springs of water…And a highway will be there, a roadway, And it will be called the Highway of Holiness. The unclean will not travel on it, But it will be for him who walks that [holiness] way, And fools will not wander on it. No lion will be there, Nor will any vicious beast go up on it; These will not be found there. But the redeemed will walk there…And the ransomed of the LORD will return, And come with joyful shouting to Zion, With everlasting joy upon their heads. They will find gladness and joy, And sorrow and sighing will flee away.

40: 1 -2 40: 3 -5 40: 6 -8 40: 9 ff Isa 40 (voices) grace - for “My people, for Jerusalem hope – clear the way for the Lord faith – flesh withers as grass; word of the Lord is forever evangelism – lift up your voice bearer of good news Isa 40: 3 -5 A voice is calling, "Clear the way for the LORD in the wilderness; Make smooth in the desert a highway for our God. "Let every valley be lifted up, And every mountain and hill be made low; And let the rough ground become a plain, And the rugged terrain a broad valley; Then the glory of the LORD will be revealed, And all flesh will see it together; For the mouth of the LORD has spoken. " Isa 40: 10 -11 Behold, the Lord GOD will come with might, With His arm ruling for Him. Behold, His reward is with Him, And His recompense before Him. Like a shepherd He will tend His flock, In His arm He will gather the lambs, And carry them in His bosom; He will gently lead the nursing ewes.

Isa 40 (voices declaring the ways of Yahweh & His Might) 40: 1 -2 40: 3 -5 40: 6 -8 40: 9 ff grace - for “My people, for Jerusalem hope – clear the way for the Lord faith – flesh withers as grass; word of the Lord is forever evangelism – lift up your voice bearer of good news Isa 40: 29 -31 He gives strength to the weary, And to him who lacks might He increases power. Though youths grow weary and tired, And vigorous young men stumble badly, Yet those who wait [heed, obey] for the LORD Will gain new strength; They will mount up with wings like eagles, They will run and not get tired, They will walk and not become weary.

Isa 42 – My Servant, the Chosen One [Ch. 42, 49, 50, 52, 53] Isa 42: 1 -9 "Behold, My Servant, whom I uphold; My chosen one in whom My soul delights. I have put My Spirit upon Him; He will bring forth justice to the nations. "He will not cry out or raise His voice, Nor make His voice heard in the street. "A bruised reed He will not break, And a dimly burning wick He will not extinguish; He will faithfully bring forth justice. [Philp 2: 7] "He will not be disheartened or crushed, Until He has established justice in the earth…Thus says God the LORD, Who created the heavens and stretched them out, Who spread out the earth and its offspring, Who gives breath to the people on it, And spirit to those who walk in it, "I am the LORD, I have called you in righteousness, I will also hold you by the hand watch over you, And I will appoint you as a covenant to the people, As a light to the nations, To open blind eyes, To bring out prisoners from the dungeon, And those who dwell in darkness from the prison [Lk 7: 20 -26]. "I am the LORD, that is My name…"Behold, the former things have come to pass, Now I declare new [superior quality] things; Before they spring forth I proclaim them to you. “ Sing to the Lord a new song…

Isa 49 – My Servant, the Light to the World [Ch. 42, 49, 50, 52, 53] Isa 49: 1 -6 Listen to Me, O islands, And pay attention, you peoples from afar. The LORD called Me from the womb; From the body of My mother He named Me. And He has made My mouth like a sharp sword; In the shadow of His hand He has concealed Me, And He has also made Me a select arrow; He has hidden Me in His quiver. And He said to Me, "You are My Servant, Israel, In Whom I will show My glory. " But I said, "I have toiled in vain, I have spent My strength for nothing and vanity; Yet surely the justice due to Me is with the LORD, And My reward with My God. " And now says the LORD, who formed Me from the womb to be His Servant, To bring Jacob back to Him, in order that Israel might be gathered to Him (For I am honored in the sight of the LORD, And My God is My strength), He says, "It is too small a thing that You should be My Servant To raise up the tribes of Jacob, and to restore the preserved ones of Israel; I will also make You a light of the nations So that My salvation may reach to the end of the earth. "

Isa 49 – My Servant, the Light to the World [Ch. 42, 49, 50, 52, 53] Isa 49: 7 -9 Thus saith Jehovah, the Redeemer of Israel, and his Holy One, to him whom man despiseth, to him whom the nation abhorreth, to a servant of rulers: Kings shall see and arise; princes, and they shall worship; because of Jehovah that is faithful, even the Holy One of Israel, who hath chosen thee. Thus saith Jehovah, In an acceptable time have I answered thee, and in a day of salvation have I helped thee [II Cor 6: 2]; and I will preserve thee, and give thee for a covenant of the people, to raise up the land, to make them inherit the desolate heritages: saying to them that are bound, Go forth; to them that are in darkness, Show yourselves. They shall feed in the ways, and on all bare heights shall be their pasture. Isa 49: 22 ff Thus saith the Lord Jehovah, Behold, I will lift up my hand to the nations, and set up my ensign to the peoples; … 25 But thus saith Jehovah, Even the captives of the mighty shall be taken away, and the prey of the terrible shall be delivered; for I will contend with him that contendeth with thee, and I will save thy children.

Isa 50 – My Servant, Submission/Obedience [Ch. 42, 49, 50, 52, 53] Isa 50: 4 -7 The Lord GOD has given Me the tongue of disciples, That I may know how to sustain the weary one with a word. He awakens Me morning by morning, He awakens My ear to listen as a disciple. The Lord GOD has opened My ear [Ps 40: 6]; And I was not disobedient, Nor did I turn back. I gave My back to those who strike Me, And My cheeks to those who pluck out the beard; I did not cover My face from humiliation and spitting. For the Lord GOD helps Me, Therefore, I am not disgraced; Therefore, I have set My face like flint (Lk 9: 51), And I know that I shall not be ashamed. • To spit upon one was an act of ritual, deliberate defilement and contempt [Lev 15: 8; Num 12: 14; Deut 25: 9] • The Obedient/Submissive Servant did not hide his face from severe humiliation and defilement by His enemies. [note Jn 12: 41]

Isa 52 – My Servant, Suffering Redeemer [Ch. 42, 49, 50, 52, 53] Isa 52: 6 -9 Therefore my people shall know my name: therefore they shall know in that day that I am he that doth speak; behold, it is I. How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of him that bringeth good tidings, that publisheth peace, that bringeth good tidings of good, that publisheth salvation, that saith unto Zion, Thy God reigneth! The voice of thy watchmen! they lift up the voice, together do they sing; for they shall see eye to eye, when Jehovah returneth to Zion. Break forth into joy, sing together, ye waste places of Jerusalem; for Jehovah hath comforted his people, he hath redeemed Jerusalem. • Rom 10: 14 -17 How then shall they call on him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in him whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear without a preacher? and how shall they preach, except they be sent? even as it is written, How beautiful are the feet of them that bring glad tidings of good things! But they did not all hearken to the glad tidings. For Isaiah saith, Lord, who hath believed our report? So belief cometh of hearing, and hearing by the word of Christ.

Isa 52 – My Servant, Suffering Redeemer [Ch. 42, 49, 50, 52, 53] Isa 52: 13 -14 Behold, my servant shall deal wisely, he shall be exalted and lifted up, and shall be very high. Like as many were astonished at thee (his visage was so marred more than any man, and his form more than the sons of men), • Emphasis is on the disfigurement and suffering • In contempt people turned away in disgust; this was contrary to what they were looking for in the Messiah • This passage, along with 53: 2 do not reference the facial features or stature of the Messiah, but speak to the suffering, humiliation, and shame to which he was subjected, and the effect on those who observed • Leads to the ‘acquainted with grief’ of 53: 1 -3

Isa 53 – My Suffering Servant [Ch. 42, 49, 50, 52, 53] ASV Isa 53: 1 -7 Who hath believed our message? and to whom hath the arm of Jehovah been revealed? For he grew up before him as a tender plant, and as a root out of a dry ground: he hath no form nor comeliness; and when we see him, there is no beauty that we should desire him. He was despised, and rejected of men; a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief: and as one from whom men hide their face he was despised; and we esteemed him not. Surely he hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows; yet we did esteem him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted. But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised [pierced] for our iniquities; the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and Jehovah hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. He was oppressed, yet when he was afflicted he opened not his mouth; as a lamb that is led to the slaughter, and as a sheep that before its shearers is dumb, so he opened not his mouth. • Jn 12: 37 -41; Rom 10: 16 -21; Mt 8: 17; 1 Pet 2: 24; Heb 9: 28

Isa 53 – My Suffering Servant [Ch. 42, 49, 50, 52, 53] ASV Isa 53: 5 -6 …But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised [pierced] for our iniquities; the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; • The word “iniquities” is derived from the verb (Heb) meaning to bend, twist, distort; • Iniquities are perversions, or violations/transgressions by distorting and perverting truth by however means (rationalization) people use • Thus the word selection following…that like sheep we have gone astray (wandered off dumbly) and we have deliberately chosen to turn (away) from His way to our own way. • This is distortion, perversion of what is right; for this, He was pierced and wounded.

Isa 53 – My Suffering Servant [Ch. 42, 49, 50, 52, 53] Isa 53: 8 -12 By oppression and judgment he was taken away; and as for his generation, who among them considered that he was cut off out of the land of the living for the transgression of my people to whom the stroke was due? And they made his grave with the wicked, and with a rich man in his death; although he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth. Yet it pleased Jehovah to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of Jehovah shall prosper in his hand. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by the knowledge of himself shall my righteous servant justify many; and he shall bear their iniquities. Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he poured out his soul unto death, and was numbered with the transgressors: yet he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. • Mt 27: 1 -14; Lk 23: 9; all references in NT to the Lamb of God spring from this passage; cut off = verbiage here is violent, a ripping away.

Isa 53 – My Suffering Servant [Ch. 42, 49, 50, 52, 53] Isa 53: 8 -12 By oppression and judgment he was taken away; …although he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth. Yet it pleased Jehovah to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of Jehovah shall prosper in his hand. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by the knowledge of himself shall my righteous servant justify many; and he shall bear their iniquities. Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he poured out his soul unto death, and was numbered with the transgressors: yet he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. • Unfair judicial treatment is foretold ~750 years before that night • Neither Rome nor Jew complied with their own laws for evidence, arrest, interrogation, charging, sentencing, and executing. • In a setting of justice, man put himself on trial and failed completely; Jesus was the only one to speak truth that night

Isa 53 – My Suffering Servant [Ch. 42, 49, 50, 52, 53] Isa 53: 8 -12 By oppression and judgment he was taken away; …although he had done no violence, neither was any deceit in his mouth. Yet it pleased Jehovah to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of Jehovah shall prosper in his hand. He shall see of the travail of his soul, and shall be satisfied: by the knowledge of himself shall my righteous servant justify many; and he shall bear their iniquities. Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he poured out his soul unto death, and was numbered with the transgressors: yet he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. • He shall see His seed – His spiritual posterity [54: 3, 13; Rom 2: 28 -29; Gal 6: 15 -16; Philp 3: 3 • He shall prolong His days – resurrection to eternity [Rev 1: 17 -18] • Pleasure of Yahweh shall prosper in His hand – Rev 3: 21; Eph 1: 22

Isaiah – Selections Isa 59: 20 -21 And a Redeemer will come to Zion, and unto them that turn from transgression in Jacob, saith Jehovah. And as for me, this is my covenant with them, saith Jehovah: my Spirit that is upon thee, and my words which I have put in thy mouth, shall not depart out of thy mouth, nor out of the mouth of thy seed's seed, saith Jehovah, from henceforth and for ever. Isa 61: 1 -3 The Spirit of the Lord Jehovah is upon me; because Jehovah hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek; he hath sent me to bind up the broken-hearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are bound; to proclaim the year of Jehovah's favor, [Jesus stopped reading here] and the day of vengeance of our God; to comfort all that mourn; to appoint unto them that mourn in Zion, to give unto them a garland for ashes, the oil of joy for mourning, the garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness; that they may be called trees of righteousness, the planting of Jehovah, that he may be glorified. • Luke 4: 17 -18, 21

Isaiah – Selections Isa 62: 1 -4 For Zion's sake will I not hold my peace, and for Jerusalem's sake I will not rest, until her righteousness go forth as brightness, and her salvation as a lamp that burneth. And the nations shall see thy righteousness, and all kings thy glory, and thou shalt be called by a new name, which the mouth of Jehovah shall name. Thou shalt also be a crown of beauty in the hand of Jehovah, and a royal diadem in the hand of thy God. Thou shalt no more be termed Forsaken; neither shall thy land any more be termed Desolate: but thou shalt be called Hephzi-bah, and thy land Beulah; for Jehovah delighteth in thee, and thy land shall be married. Isa 62: 10 -12 …lift up an ensign for the peoples. Behold, Jehovah hath proclaimed unto the end of the earth, Say ye to the daughter of Zion, Behold, thy salvation cometh; behold, his reward is with him, and his recompense before him. And they shall call them The holy people, The redeemed of Jehovah: and thou shalt be called Sought out, A city not forsaken.

Isaiah – Selections Isa 65: 9 And I will bring forth a seed out of Jacob, and out of Judah an inheritor of my mountains; and my chosen shall inherit it, and my servants shall dwell there. Isaiah 65 is a graphic, detailed, violent description of Divine Just recompense against apostates/disobedient; lengthy indictment, and lengthy ‘sentencing’/judgment. Salvation of a remnant (v. 8 -12) and destruction of the faithless sums up Is. 65. Isa 65: 17 For, behold, I create new heavens and a new earth; and the former things shall not be remembered, nor come into mind. καινὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ καινή, = kainos = a qualitatively different kind where the latter is superior to the former. • 2 Co 5: 17 ὥστε εἴ τις ε ν Χριστω , καινη κτι σις·= a superior formation, a creature superior in kind/quality to what was before (in this case, immersion in Christ)

Isaiah – Selections Isa 65: 22 …for as the days of a tree shall be the days of my people, and my chosen shall long enjoy the work of their hands. They shall not labor in vain, nor bring forth for calamity; for they are the seed of the blessed of Jehovah, and their offspring with them. And it shall come to pass that, before they call, I will answer; and while they are yet speaking, I will hear. The wolf and the lamb shall feed together, and the lion shall eat straw like the ox; and dust shall be the serpent's food. They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain, saith Jehovah. • Qualities of the Lord’s people and how God will relate to His people • The time and place (the church/kingdom in the Messianic Dispensation in which we now are) of the Lord’s people will be characterized as one of peace, and the serpent (prob. Satan) shall be defeated/conquered, and rendered w/o power.

Isaiah – Selections Isa 66: 1 -2 Thus saith Jehovah, Heaven is my throne, and the earth is my footstool: what manner of house will ye build unto me? and what place shall be my rest? For all these things hath my hand made, and so all these things came to be, saith Jehovah: but to this man will I look, even to him that is poor and of a contrite spirit, and that trembleth at my word. Isa 66: 22 For as the new heavens and the new earth, which I will make, shall remain before me, saith Jehovah, so shall your seed and your name remain. • There will always be a faithful remnant (few). • No matter what we may think of the evil of our times and the apparent “shrinking” of the church in the U. S. , the church/kingdom is growing somewhere at all times, and we are assured that it will exist / remain until the end of time, when He delivers up the kingdom to the Father I Cor 15: 24

Isaiah – Selections Isa 66: 15 -16 For behold, the LORD will come in fire And His chariots like the whirlwind, To render His anger with fury, And His rebuke with flames of fire. For the LORD will execute judgment by fire And by His sword on all flesh, And those slain by the LORD will be many. Enoch’s prophecy from Jude: Jude 1: 14 -15 And about these also Enoch, in the seventh generation from Adam, prophesied, saying, "Behold, the Lord came with many thousands of His holy ones, to execute judgment upon all, and to convict all the ungodly of all their ungodly deeds which they have done in an ungodly way, and of all the harsh things which ungodly sinners have spoken against Him. "

Summary of “Firsts”: Prophecies of the Writing Prophets By 700 B. C. Jews should have known: Seed (of the woman, no fleshly father mentioned) would be male, of the flesh and lineage from Judah, a lawgiver and prophet ‘like unto Moses’; as vindicator/redeemer (Job) he would stand upon the earth; he would be rejected, crucified, resurrected, seated at the right hand of God (David, Ps 2, 22, 16, 110), that the great and terrible day of Yahweh would be during a time of post-exilic (Joel 3: 1 -2) restorative peace, prosperity, the old order will be abolished (3: 16 -17) as the HS will be poured out upon all flesh (Jew+Gentile/2: 28 -29); a remnant will call upon the name of Yahweh and be delivered (Joel); Amos: One kingdom (house of David) in post-exilic days (9: 14); deduced = one king; w/ Gentiles a remnant upon/by whom Yahweh’s name will be called (Amos 9: 11); Inferred: One will not be a Jew who is one outwardly; Hosea – Jew/Gentile will be called “my people” by Yahweh in a new covenant relationship, a betrothal relationship in righteousness, justice, faithfulness, where they are called sons of the living God, they shall seek David their king (one king over one kingdom, from Judah); that this will be in the latter days (last order) where spiritual escape (salvation) will be(gin) in Zion; Isaiah adds: • Seat of govt. of Yahweh’s house would be exalted above all others; Jew+Gentile would stream to it bringing others • The law of God would go forth from Zion and Jerusalem; all thy children shall be taught (Is 54: 13 – Jn 6: 44 -45) • His word/judgment global in nature, applying to all people (all mankind amenable to His Word “in the last days” • the branch of Yahweh will be deity “in that day”; the ‘Branch of Yahweh’ combined with ‘God with Us’ and born of a virgin, reveals deity to be clothed in/partake of flesh; • Galilee specifically referenced, spiritual illumination (knowledge/revelation) foretold in context of a child born unto us, Wonderful, Counsellor, Might God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace – divinity in flesh = Immanuel; His government shall not diminish, upon the throne of David and His kingdom established/upheld justice/righteousness. • From the tribe of Judah in general, but in particular from lineage of David, specifically from stock of Jesse • Spirit of Yahweh would reside/remain/dwell on Him w/ qualities of/from God, and in awe/fear/obedience of Yahweh would He remain (Is 53; Lk 4: 16 ff). • His governance/rule/law and judging in determining right/wrong would be as Yahweh Himself would judge/rule (these qualities emanate from God) • Shoot of Jesse would be an ensign/standard, rallying point to assemble around and follow; on Him shall the Gentiles hope; all ethnos/peoples/nations shall seek Him; He will set up an ensign for the nations and will assemble outcasts of Israel…and of Judah; the salvation of a remnant according to election of grace, not according to old law; shall be a clear, direct path for the remnant, highway shall be called “the way of holiness”. • A seat of government/ruling power shall be established that is not physical => lovingkindness; rule in truth, one from tent/house of David; rule characterized by just judging, seeking justice, and doing ‘rightness’; • ‘in that day’ a way (highway) of holiness [35: 8] shall be for a remnant of the Gentiles to be redeemed; within the prophecy of the blind to see and deaf to hear [35: 5 -6]; ‘in that day’; a divine call to all men from all nations; spiritual city w/ spiritual walls (righteousness) for the faithful/obedient; all faithful peoples may enter; 7 4 0 t o 7 0 0 B C

Summary of “Firsts”: Prophecies of the Writing Prophets 700 B. C. • the conflict, ‘in that day’ Yahweh will punish Satan and Satan’s instrument (beast); • spiritual Israel (church) shall mature and bear fruit; trumpet is a divine summon, announcement, invitation to those who were about to perish, but being faithful/obedient (highway of holiness) all nations (symbolized by Israel’s long time enemies) assemble together in the holy mountain at Jerusalem (Jews and Gentiles to make up the Lord’s kingdom); • Jesus Christ as the foundation for God’s eternal purpose; a new spiritual order ; a king over a kingdom beyond sight, a kingdom/city that cannot be removed, permanent w/ its foundation of Jesus as Christ, His word, and His kingdom/city designed with righteousness/truth; Yahweh as judge, lawgiver, and king and savior (v. 22 He will save us); • fruitfulness from the Spirit, righteousness/peace in spiritual city/land w/o boundaries, permanent nature with the Holy One of Israel as king, judge, lawgiver, and savior. • voice of grace (40: 2), hope (40: 3), faith (40: 6) and evangelism (40: 9) will precede the arm of Yahweh; John the Baptist Mt 3: 1 -3; Mk 1: 3 -4; Lk 3: 3 -6; Jn 1: 23; • assurance of promise rests on the Word of God and His absolute, eternal nature, as creator, all-knowing (v. 12 -31). • He will possess strength as a ruler, tenderness , as a leader He will show gentleness, and compassion as a shepherd who will feed, protect, care, and lead; Jn 10: 14 -15 [40: 10 -11 – spiritual language] • 42: 1 -13 - Yahweh’s Servant upon whom He would put His Spirit would not be a vocal or boisterous attention grabber; not a publicity seeker, not a self-promoter, not seeking the spotlight, neither a showman; He would minister to the needy, gentle and nurturing, speaking in truth those things that bring justice/rightness; • Yahweh’s Servant would be given as covenant (infers a New covenant), • Would open the eyes (sight) of the spiritually blind (Is 42: 16, 18, 19 => Mt 15: 14 and Jn 8: 31 -36) • Spiritual deliverance preached and fulfilled and a new song (of redemption) given • From the spiritual remnant (womb) the Servant shall come, hid in Yahweh’s ‘hand’ to the proper time; discouraged at rejection by His own, He would be given as a light to the Gentiles and bring salvation unto the ends of the earth (world wide). that the Lord will come with myriads of His holy ones (angels) to execute judgment upon all and to convict all the ungodly of all their works of ungodliness…(Enoch’s prophesy in Jude 14 -15; a law of God and God as Judge inferred as early as Enoch. Since judgment of this kind is still yet to occur, one could conclude in 755 B. C. that a new kingdom/order, a new house of David under one king, requires a new law by which to judge ungodliness of Jews+Gentiles together. 7 4 0 t o 7 0 0 B C

The Minor Prophets – to Babylonian Captivity & Remnant Return to Jerusalem 700 660 Babylonian Captivity ~ 586 BC Nebuchadnezzar destroys Temple, captives to Babylon 620 580 Zephaniah Ezekiel Judah Josiah Manasseh 480 Zechariah Habakkuk Hezekiah Decline of Persian Empire 440 Daniel…………. . Haggai Jeremiah Nahum 520 Rise of Greece Zedekiah (586) Jehoiakim approx time of Esther Ezra – Nehemiah end to physical throne of David Malachi I s a i a h 540 Rebuilding temple ed 0 y om estro sea 1 d ing ed/d Ho K N. ov. C. – rem 724 B in

Zephaniah 3 – Messianic Hope, a pure people • The lips of a people who had profaned themselves and their language would be purified so that they might call in unison on Yahweh (Isa 6: 5, 7; Jer 1: 9; Dan 10: 16 [characteristic of the redeemed remnant] • The “in unison” or “one consent” is literally ‘one shoulder’, meaning with one yoke or even shoulders bearing a burden. • To serve [shekhem] with one ['echa d] shoulder, is to serve together or with unanimity, with one-ness. • The metaphor is taken from bearers who carry a burden with even shoulders; cf. Jer 32: 39. • Echad [not yacheed - 1] is used of God, and of marriage (one flesh, Mt 19) • Yahweh elohinu, Yahweh echad [shema] • Yahweh is (our) Elohim [pl], Yahweh is one! Reign of Josiah ------------------------------------------------- 640 630 620 609 625 - Year beginning Jeremiah’s ministry

Zephaniah 3 – Messianic Hope Zep 3: 16 -17, 19 -20 In that day it will be said to Jerusalem: "Do not be afraid, O Zion; Do not let your hands fall limp. "The LORD your God is in your midst, A victorious warrior. He will exult over you with joy, He will be quiet in His love, He will rejoice over you with shouts of joy. …I will save the lame And gather the outcast, And I will turn their shame into praise and renown In all the earth. “At that time I will bring you in, Even at the time when I gather you together • Though Judah would be scattered (Babylonian Captivity) it would be a refining experience; He would gather those who mourn over the faithlessness and would strengthen the weak, lame. • vv 18 -20 “I will gather”; “I will deal”; “I will save”, “I will make”, “I will bring you in”, “I will gather you”, “I will make”, “when I bring back” Reign of Josiah ------------------------------------------------- 640 630 620 609 625 - Year beginning Jeremiah’s ministry

Habakkuk (embrace) • Most of Hab. 2 addresses the evil of the Chaldeans, what they did, how they lived, and what will happen to them • When Habakkuk wrote the vision/revelation, God’s people were under the threat of destruction by the Chaldeans; when the writer of Hebrews letter wrote, the people were under threat of destruction by Rome as foretold by Christ (Mt 24). • In this parallel we see Hab 2: 4 and Heb 10: 37 -39 more clearly • Hab 2: 14 For the earth shall be filled with the knowledge of the glory of Jehovah, as the waters cover the sea. [Psa 72: 19; Isa 11: 9] • Despite the destruction of the Chaldean to come and the evil of Judah, Hab 2: 20 reassures, “But Jehovah is in his holy temple: let all the earth keep silence before him. “ • How is this possible when the temple was destroyed in 586 B. C. ? 612 Ezekiel Daniel 606

Jeremiah Jer 3: 15 -18 Then I will give you shepherds after My own heart, who will feed you on knowledge and understanding. And it shall be in those days when you are multiplied and increased in the land, declares the LORD, they shall say no more, 'The ark of the covenant of the LORD. ' And it shall not come to mind, nor shall they remember it, nor shall they miss it, nor shall it be made again. At that time they shall call Jerusalem 'The Throne of the LORD, ' and all the nations will be gathered to it, to Jerusalem, for the name of the LORD; nor shall they walk anymore after the stubbornness of their evil heart. In those days the house of Judah will walk with the house of Israel, and they will come together from the land of the north to the land that I gave your fathers as an inheritance. • ‘those days’ will be a qualitatively different dispensation and relationship w/ God; the ark will have no role • therefore, the high priest and temple will have no role! They can be forgotten, left behind, not remembered or even missed; the Law will pass and shall not be made again! 627 Habakkuk Ezekiel Daniel 586

Jeremiah Jer 3: 18 …In those days the house of Judah will walk with the house of Israel, and they will come together from the land of the north to the land that I gave your fathers as an inheritance. • vv. 15 -17 CONTEXT: “I will bring you to Zion…it (the ark) shall not come to mind… Jerusalem shall be called the throne of the Lord, and all nations shall gather to it to the presence of the Lord in Jerusalem. ” • The land “I gave to your fathers”, like the promise to Abraham, was to be looked beyond => Heb 11: 8 -10 • Heb 11: 8 -10 By faith Abraham, when he was called, obeyed by going out to a place which he was to receive for an inheritance; and he went out, not knowing where he was going…dwelling in tents with Isaac and Jacob, fellow heirs of the same promise…for he was looking for the city which has foundations, whose architect and builder is God. • For us today: Heb 13: 13 -14 Hence, let us go out to Him outside the camp, bearing His reproach. For here we do not have a lasting city, but we are seeking the city which is to come. 627 Habakkuk Ezekiel Daniel 586

Faith/Obedience: land beyond = city w/foundations = new heavens/new earth Heb 11: 8 -10 By faith…when he was called, obeyed by going out to a place which he was to receive for an inheritance…for he was looking for the city which has foundations, whose architect and builder is God. Abraham / Isaac/Jacob 2000 BC The language of Yahweh was always looking forward toward “that day”, “in those days”, “the day of the Lord”; THAT is what was promised. 740 620 BC Isa 66: 22 For just as the new heavens and the new earth which I make will endure before Me, declares the LORD, "So your offspring (seed-Christians) and your name will endure. ” Jer 3: 19 And I will give you a pleasant land, The most beautiful inheritance of the nations! Messianic Dispensation Jer 3: 15 -18 I will bring you to Zion; the ark shall not come to mind; Jerusalem shall be called the throne of God; all nations shall gather IN THOSE DAYS… 33 AD Day of Pentecost: assembly / body or church of Christ

Faith/Obedience: land beyond = city w/foundations = new heavens/new earth Heb 13: 12 Therefore Jesus also, that He might sanctify the people through His own blood, suffered outside the gate. Hence, let us go out to Him outside the camp, bearing His reproach. For here we do not have a lasting city, but we are seeking the city which is to come. 2 Pe 3: 13 But according to His promise we are looking for new heavens and a new earth, in which righteousness dwells. Therefore, beloved, since you look for these things, be diligent to be found by Him in peace, spotless and blameless, and regard the patience of our Lord to be salvation; just as also our beloved brother Paul, according to the wisdom given him, wrote to you, The Law of Christ; new (kainos) covenant JUDGEMENT DAY Messianic Dispensation Eternity w/ God 2 Peter 3: 10 -12

Jeremiah 31 – new (kaino) covenant Jer 31: 29 -34 In those days they shall say no more, The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge. But every one shall die for his own iniquity: every man that eateth the sour grapes, his teeth shall be set on edge. Behold, the days come, saith Jehovah, that I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel, and with the house of Judah: [Ιουδα διαθήκην καινήν]; not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant they brake, although I was a husband unto them, saith Jehovah. But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith Jehovah: I will put my law in their inward parts, and in their heart will I write it; and I will be their God, and they shall be my people: and they shall teach no more every man his neighbor, and every man his brother, saying, Know Jehovah; for they shall know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith Jehovah: for I will forgive their iniquity, and their sin will I remember no more. 630 BC 586 BC

Jeremiah 31: 29 -34 - Five Characteristics of the New Covenant Jeremiah provides 5 characteristics of this new kind of covenant: 1. It would be a fresh, unique, distinct, superior, new form of ‘betrothal’; [Heb 8: 8 -12; Mt 26: 28; Mk 14: 24; Lk 22: 20; ICor 11: 25; 2 Cor 3: 6; Heb 9: 15]; Heb 12: 4 uses the word “neo” as well, so it would be ‘new’ in sense of time as well 2. It would be distinctively different from anything before; it would include all nations; from Ex 19: 5 -6 to I Pet 2: 9 the chosen race, royal priesthood, holy nation and a people for God’s own possession would be from all mankind, all nations, Gentiles and Jews. 3. It would be written upon the heart, not tablets of stone; Is 54: 13 all shall be taught of Yahweh => Jn 6: 45 "It is written in the prophets, 'AND THEY SHALL BE TAUGHT OF GOD. ' Everyone who has heard and learned from the Father, comes to Me. 4. All will know the Lord as each individual will be taught BEFORE entering into the covenant relationship (Eph 4: 20 -21) 630 BC 586 BC

Jeremiah 31 – new covenant 4. All will know the Lord as each individual will be taught BEFORE entering into the covenant relationship (Eph 4: 20 -21) • Important to note this specific part of prophecy; word of God put into the prophet’s mouth, therefore it is inspired scripture • The new covenant would be distinctively new and different in that one had to be taught before entering into the covenant, as contrasted to infant circumcision (8 th day) under the Old Law. • The new covenant excludes infant anything, whether infant baptism or infant circumcision; infants cannot KNOW the Lord because they cannot hear and comprehend the gospel; they must be taught with time and maturity. • Infants have no sins for sin is an ACT of lawlessness (I Jn 3: 4) and/or a failure to act according to knowledge (James 4: 17) • Sin in not transmitted or inherited (Ezek 18: 20) 630 BC 586 BC

Jeremiah 31: 29 -34 5. The new covenant would involve removal and forgetting of sin by God. • • Under the old inferior law of Moses, sin was remembered (Heb 10: 3) • Heb 10: 3 -4 But in those sacrifices there is a reminder of sins year by year. For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins. • Heb 10: 17 -18 "AND THEIR SINS AND THEIR LAWLESS DEEDS I WILL REMEMBER NO MORE. " Now where there is forgiveness of these things, there is no longer any offering for sin. Jeremiah concludes (Yahweh concludes) these new concepts with the assurance of its establishment and permanence. • Jer 31: 35 -36 Thus says the LORD, Who gives the sun for light by day, And the fixed order of the moon and the stars for light by night, Who stirs up the sea so that its waves roar; The LORD of hosts is His name: "If this fixed order departs From before Me, " declares the LORD, "Then the offspring of Israel also shall cease From being a nation before Me forever. " 630 BC 586 BC

700 Babylonian Captivity ~ 586 BC Nebuchadnezzar destroys Temple, captives to Babylon 660 580 540 Daniel 605 -536 520 480 approx time of Esther Ezekiel 593 -570 Ezra – Nehemiah Judah Josiah Manasseh Zedekiah (586) Jehoiakim 440 Haggai Zechariah Habakkuk Hezekiah Decline of Persian Empire end to physical throne of David Malachi Jeremiah Nahum Rise of Greece Babylonians to Medo-Persians 620 Zephaniah I s a i a h Rebuilding temple N. Kingdom removed/destroyed in 724 B. C. – Hosea 10 The Minor Prophets – to Babylonian Captivity & Remnant Return to Jerusalem

Daniel In Context w/ Ezekiel’s 5 Visions (586 BC …) 1. Everlasting Covenant and Forgiveness (16: 60 -63) 2. The Tender Sprig, Yahweh’s King of His Own Planting (17: 22 -24); Ps 2 3. End of the Physical Kingdom (Davidic/Judah - Zedekiah) until shilloh 4. Messiah as the One, Good (True) Shepherd (34: 23 -31) 5. Spiritual Restoration & Spiritual Uniting of the Two Former Kingdoms (“they shall be one in MY hand”); Rev 12: 5; 17: 14 538 400 300 200 100 0 70 AD Messiah Ezra – Nehemiah Malachi 33 AD Pentecost, the church Daniel 8 Daniel 2: 44 -45 Roman power

Daniel Gold – 1 st kingdom Silver – 2 nd kingdom Babylonian kingdom Medo-Persian kingdom Bronze – 3 rd Macedonian kingdom Iron – 4 th kingdom Rome Ferocious beast Stone cut out w/o hands Rome

Daniel 9: From Cyrus’ Decree to Rebuilding & From Rebuilding to Messiah Cut Off & Complete End Cyrus’ Decline of decree Persian Rise of Roman power/Republic ----- Empire ------ End of OT Empire to Dispensation Alexander Great rebuild 538 Rise of Greece 400 300 200 0 70 AD Messiah Ezra – Nehemiah Malachi 1 st Period One seven-seven = seven weeks 100 one seven, a specific period 2 nd Period 62 weeks Increase of Roman power 33 AD Pentecost, the Messiah church Daniel 2: 44 -45

Haggai: A New Order is Approaching Hag 2: 6 -9 For thus saith Jehovah of hosts: Yet once, it is a little while, and I will shake the heavens, and the earth, and the sea, and the dry land; and I will shake all nations; and the precious things of all nations shall come; and I will fill this house with glory, saith Jehovah of hosts. The silver is mine, and the gold is mine, saith Jehovah of hosts. The latter glory of this house shall be greater than the former, saith Jehovah of hosts; and in this place will I give peace, saith Jehovah of hosts. • Shaking of heavens/nations, of all things made, is divine activity; divine interaction w/ the temporal (all things made) as a judgment is made against nations and a new (spiritual) order is set in place. • Heb 12: 26 -29 whose voice then shook the earth: but now he hath promised, saying, Yet once more will I make to tremble not the earth only, but also the heaven. And this word, Yet once more, signifieth the removing of those things that are shaken, as of things that have been made, that those things which are not shaken may remain. Therefore, receiving a kingdom that cannot be shaken, let us have grace, hereby we may offer service well-pleasing to God with reverence and awe…

Haggai ~520 -516 BC Hag 2: 21 -23 Speak to Zerubbabel, governor of Judah, saying, I will shake the heavens and the earth; and I will overthrow the throne of kingdoms; and I will destroy the strength of the kingdoms of the nations; and I will overthrow the chariots, and those that ride in them; and the horses and their riders shall come down, every one by the sword of his brother. In that day, saith Jehovah of hosts, will I take thee, O Zerubbabel, my servant, the son of Shealtiel, saith Jehovah, and will make thee as a signet; for I have chosen thee, saith Jehovah of hosts. • Shealtiel begat Zerubbabel (Matt 1: 12 -16) • The seed of David would be perpetuated through Zerubbabel, a descendent of David through Coniah; though NOT a king he was raised up as governor; Zech 4: 9 honors Zerubbabel as it was his hand that laid and finished the foundation of the temple. • The language, like Daniel chs 2, 7, 9, concerns the destruction of earthly powers/kingdoms and the establishment of Yahweh’s. This and Joel 2 suggest the destruction of Satan’s influence was far more grand devastating in the spiritual world than we can realize.

Zechariah ~518 - ? BC Zechariah falls into three divisions: I. Eight (8) night visions either Messianic or related to the Messiah and His coming (1: 7 -6: 15) II. Fasting and Messianic Prophecies (Ch. 7 -8) III. World powers and the kingdom of God (Ch. 9 -14) • Visions and apocalyptic symbolism are part of the many ways God spoke to the fathers through the prophets (Heb 1: 1) • Angels and visions occupy a large portion of the text. Messianic prophecies are interspersed among passages that refer to the building of the physical temple structure, making it challenging to separate the prophet’s contemporary from the prophet’s future. • Zechariah is the longest and most obscure of all the minor prophets; the most difficult to understand in the OT. • Zechariah is outstanding for apocalyptic symbolism in prophecy of the Messiah and His work.

Zechariah ~518 - ? BC First 8 chapters are 8 visions, messages, exhortations, consolation… opening with a call for repentance (1: 1 -6) Eight (8) night visions either Messianic or related to the Messiah and His coming (1: 7 -6: 15); all occurred in a single night. 1) The rider and horsemen among the myrtle trees (1: 7 -17) 2) The 4 horns and smiths/craftsmen (1: 18 -21) 3) The man w/ the measuring line (Ch. 2) 4) Trial and acquittal of the high priest Joshua (Ch. 3) 5) The golden lampstand two olive trees (Ch. 4) 6) The flying roll (5: 1 -4) 7) The woman in the ephah (5: 5 -11) 8) The four chariots and horses of various colors (6: 1 -8)

Zechariah ~518 - ? BC 1) The rider and horsemen among the myrtle trees (1: 7 -17) • Comfort, assurance, His house would be built 2) The 4 horns and smiths/craftsmen (1: 18 -21) • Yahweh judges nations, instrument & time are His choice 3) The man w/ the measuring line (Ch. 2) • Spiritual Jerusalem; Yahweh will protect 4) Trial and acquittal of the high priest Joshua (Ch. 3) • Yahweh will bring forth His servant; iniquity to be removed 5) The golden lampstand two olive trees (Ch. 4) • God determines according to His plan; priest/king to be one 6) The flying roll (5: 1 -4) • Righteousness, law, truth are from God; divine call to be holy

Zechariah ~518 - ? BC 7) The woman in the ephah (5: 5 -11) • Wickedness removed; people of Yahweh to be separate and apart from wickedness. God’s people called out of wickedness. 8) The four chariots and horses of various colors (6: 1 -8) • God judges nations in His time and according to His own choosing; His eyes are on His people AND on the disobedient in all nations, and He is working with regard to BOTH.

Zech Ch. 6: 9 -15 - Symbolic Crowning of High Priest • gold and silver was taken from 3 men from Babylon as contributions toward the temple; a two-tiered crown (priest-king) of silver and gold was made, as Zech. was instructed, and Joshua the high priest was crowned, symbolic of the crowning of the messiah. High Priests wore a turban, not a crown. • Zec 6: 12 -15 and speak unto him, saying, Thus speaketh Jehovah of hosts, saying, Behold, the man whose name is the Branch: and he shall grow up out of his place; and he shall build the temple of Jehovah; even he shall build the temple of Jehovah; and he shall bear the glory, and shall sit and rule upon his throne; and he shall be a priest upon his throne; and the counsel of peace shall be between them both. And the crowns shall be to Helem, and to Tobijah, and to Jedaiah, and to Hen the son of Zephaniah, for a memorial in the temple of Jehovah. And they that are far off shall come and build in the temple of Jehovah; and ye shall know that Jehovah of hosts hath sent me unto you. And this shall come to pass, if ye will diligently obey the voice of Jehovah your God. • 5 Messianic truths are spoken in this symbolic dual-crowning

Zech 6: 9 -15 - 5 Messianic Truths in the Symbolic Crowning 1. He shall grow up out of His place: • a root out of dry ground - Isa. 53: 2; • raise up the tent of David - Amos 9: 11 • Lowly origin, exalted, lifted up – Isa 52: 13; Ps 2 2. He shall build the temple of Yahweh, even He shall build the temple of Yahweh (when God repeats something, it is most serious emphasis) • Zerubbabel’s hand had laid the foundation and would lay the capstone of the physical temple, so the physical is not the point of this prophecy. (4: 9) • The Branch shall build the spiritual temple, the church comprised of those who have been transferred from the k. of darkness (Shinar) into His marvelous k. of light; separated from wickedness, made of “living stones” (1 Pet 2: 5), • “a holy temple in the Lord…a habitation of God in the Spirit” (Eph 2: 21) • “whose house we are” Heb 3: 6

Zech 6: 9 -15 - 5 Messianic Truths in the Symbolic Crowning 3. AND He shall bear the glory: • He will be glorified w/ honor, majesty, power – Dan 7: 13 -14 • “and He shall sit and rule upon His throne (2 Sam 7: 11 -14; Isa 9: 6 -7; Ps 2: 6 -7; 110: 1; 1 Ki 2: 12; 1 Chron 29: 23) 4. AND He shall be a priest upon His throne • Only Melchizedek had been a king/priest (Gen 14: 18) • Yahweh swore that His king would be “a priest forever after the order of Melchizedek (Ps 110: 4); the Branch would fulfill this vow. Heb 5: 9; 7: 1 -3 • He was raised to sit on David’s throne (spiritual) – Acts 2: 29 -31 • He sat down at the right hand of God – Heb 1: 3 • He serves as the great king-priest – Rev 3: 21 [dominion, intercedes] • That the Anointed One/Messiah/Christ fulfilled this prophecy and reigns over His dominion as king and intercedes for us as priest refutes any view that He is to return to earth to rule. [rule what? ? ] • Ps 110: 1 Heb 1: 13; I Cor 15: 24 -28; Rev 20: 11 -15

Zech 6: 9 -15 - 5 Messianic Truths in the Symbolic Crowning 5. AND the counsel of peace shall be between them both (both king and high priest as one in the Branch) • peace provided by the Branch for His people (obedient ones) • Is 9: 6 -7; Micah 5: 5; Ps 85: 8 • Peace preached by His apostles – Eph 2: 14, 17; 2 Cor 5: 18; Col 1: 22 • Peace between God and man through the Branch – Rom 5: 9 -11 ff • Word-search “peace” in the Psalms and prophets, then the NT! 1. He shall grow up out of His place: 2. He shall build the temple of Yahweh, even He shall build the temple of Yahweh 3. And He shall bear the glory 4. And He shall be a priest upon His throne 5. And the counsel of peace shall be between them both They that are far off (Gentiles, “Edom”/the world) “build IN the temple” when each hears and obeys (Acts 2); added to the body to build IN…

Zech 7 -8 Universal Influence of Messiah’s Rule • Zec 8: 3, 8 Thus saith Jehovah: I am returned unto Zion, and will dwell in the midst of Jerusalem: and Jerusalem shall be called The city of truth; and the mountain of Jehovah of hosts, The holy mountain. . . [8] and I will bring them, and they shall dwell in the midst of Jerusalem; and they shall be my people, and I will be their God, in truth and in righteousness. • Gal 4: 26, 28 - But the Jerusalem that is above is free, which is our mother… Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are children of promise. • Zec 8: 22 -23 Yea, many peoples and strong nations [Gentiles/world] shall come to seek Jehovah of hosts in Jerusalem, and to entreat the favor of Jehovah…Thus saith Jehovah of hosts: In those days it shall come to pass, that ten [complete number] men shall take hold, out of all the languages of the nations, they shall take hold of the skirt of him that is a Jew, saying, We will go with ya’ll [pl], for we have heard that God is with you. • Many Gentiles became Jews in the two centuries leading up to the Messiah, but this prophecy is wider; “in those days” what shall come (came) to pass will be the Messiah’s ambassadors, beginning from Jerusalem taking the gospel to all the world (Acts 8: 1 -4; 17: 6)

Zech Ch. 9 -14 Messiah & Kingdom Besieged & Victorious 7 Points to be made from Ch. 9 -14 1. Entrance of Yahweh’s Lowly King into Zion (on a donkey); Zech 9: 1 -10 • Zec 9: 9 -11 Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion; shout, O daughter of Jerusalem: behold, thy king cometh unto thee; he is just, and having salvation; lowly, and riding upon an ass, even upon a colt the foal of a donkey (Mt 21: 1 -11)…and he shall speak peace unto the nations [ethnos][Is 9: 6 -7]: and his dominion shall be from sea to sea [Ps 2: 89], and from the River to the ends of the earth. As for thee also, because of the blood of thy covenant I have set free thy prisoners from the pit wherein is no water [salvation to spiritual captives]. • The cutting off of chariot, horse, bow, etc. signified that His kingdom would not be of this world, nor would the warfare of His kingdom be fought with temporal weapons. Eph 6: 10 -18

Zech Ch. 9 -14 Messiah & Kingdom Besieged & Victorious 2. Symbolic selling of the Shepherd; Zech 11: 4 -14 • Zech 10 appears to be a review of Israel’s past, a history of their turning away. It may also be a foretelling of what lay ahead between ~400 BC and the Messiah’s coming. Jews fought many battles from 400 BC up to ~63 BC when Rome entered Judea and annexed it by 37 BC. Malachi speaks of the moral decay of the people ~400 years before Christ, offering lame and sick animals for sacrifice; hearts far away, sacrifices being a burden and no ‘reward’ visible for it. • The people’s departure from the prophet’s words (Yahweh’s) elicited a symbolic request for compensation; the insult to Yahweh is that they insult Him w/ the amount due for a gored/damaged slave (Ex 21: 32). Mt 27: 3 -10 records fulfillment of the physical betrayal. • Zec 11: 12 -13 And I said unto them, If ye think good, give me my hire; and if not, forbear. So they weighed for my hire thirty pieces of silver. And Jehovah said unto me, Cast it unto the potter, the goodly price that I was prized at by them. And I took the thirty pieces of silver, and cast them unto the potter, in the house of Jehovah.

Zech Ch. 9 -14 Messiah & Kingdom Besieged & Victorious 3. New Jerusalem [church] under Siege - Zech 12: 1 -10 • Ch. 12 -14 open with Yahweh’s word regarding the spiritual Israel, the new “Israel of God” (Gal 6: 16). • “In that day” [nearly always Messianic] occurs 15 x in Ch. 12 -14. • Zec 12: 9 -10 And it shall come to pass in that day, that I will seek to destroy all the nations that come against Jerusalem. And I will pour upon the house of David, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, the spirit of grace and of supplication; and they shall look unto me whom they have pierced; and they shall mourn for him, as one mourneth for his only son, and shall be in bitterness for him, as one that is in bitterness for his first-born. [Jn 19: 36 -37] 4. “they shall look unto Me” [Yahweh]… in looking physically upon the Son whom they physically pierced, Yahweh and Christ are here presented as One, God manifested in the flesh [Is 7: 14]. • To deny that Jesus the Son was also God is to deny the prophets and prophecies; explains why Jews in 2 nd-3 rd c. A. D. re-wrote select verses

Zech Ch. 9 -14 Messiah & Kingdom Besieged & Victorious 5. Fountain Opened for Sin and Uncleanness - Zech 13: 1 -6 • Zec 13: 1 In that day there shall be a fountain opened to the house of David and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, for sin and for uncleanness. • Reminder: the selling of the shepherd, looking upon Him whom they pierced, opening a fountain for sin, and smiting Yahweh’s Shepherd, three of these verses are quoted in the NT applied to Christ. “In that day” refers to the Messianic period, therefore in that time was all prophecy fulfilled, and truth completely revealed by the HS. • • In this work He was “to finish/put an end to transgression”, “make an end (seal up) to sins”, “make reconciliation for iniquity”, and “seal up the vision and prophecy” (Dan 9: 24); this and the prophecy of Zechariah were fulfilled by and during the Messianic period. Fountain was for cleansing, and the word usage indicates an abundance of forgiveness available for many/all to remove sin (not possible by animal sacrifices). Fountain is public in nature, for many.

Zech Ch. 9 -14 Messiah & Kingdom Besieged & Victorious 6. The Smitten Shepherd and Scattered Sheep - Zech 13: 7 -9 • Zec 13: 7 Awake, O sword, against my shepherd, and against the man that is my fellow [neighbor], saith Jehovah of hosts: smite the shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered; and I will turn my hand upon the little ones. • He whom God calls His neighbor or fellow cannot be only a mere mortal man; this is one who shares and participates in His divine nature; this is Yahweh attesting to the fact that the Messiah is of, from Him as the Holy One of the Elohim. • Jesus quoted Zechariah in Mt 26: 31/Mk 14: 27 applying it to His crucifixion. This validates Zech as being the word of God as Immanuel quotes Himself ~ 500 years after Zechariah. When God quotes scripture He is repeating Himself at a later time to reveal its application and meaning. • That His sheep or His people are refined “as through fire” attests to His love for His children, to discipline, build, strengthen, and bring us to our best to offer ourselves to Him.

Zech Ch. 9 -14 Messiah & Kingdom Besieged & Victorious 7. Refining Fire and Yahweh Fighting with/for His people - Zech 14 • Zechariah 14 is a glimpse to Revelation; the conflict between the saints (sanctified) of His kingdom and the forces of Satan. • The residue of the people (remnant) shall NOT be cut off from the city (the church; Gal 4: 26) • That this is a spiritual conflict should be plain from Zech 14: 8 “And it shall come to pass in that day, that living waters shall go out from Jerusalem. . ” • These are the waters of Ezek 47: 1 -12 and Jn 7: 37 -39. • Those that fight against God are ‘dead’ while they live (14: 12) “their flesh shall consume away while they stand upon their feet, and their eyes shall consume away in their sockets, and their tongue shall consume away in their mouth. “ This is spiritual death, cut off from life in Christ. • The faithful remnant shall worship God (vv. 16 -17) and “in that day” in the spiritual city everything shall be holy unto God (vv. 20 -21).

Malachi The Closing of the Old Law ‘revelation’ (no further prophecy until John the Baptist arrives ~400 years after Malachi) The spiritual condition of God’s people ~400 BC as God saw it: • Mal 1: 7 -14 Ye offer polluted bread upon mine altar…ye offer the blind for sacrifice…ye offer the lame and sick…Present it now unto thy governor; will he be pleased with thee? . . . that ye might not kindle fire on mine altar in vain! I have no pleasure in you, saith Jehovah of hosts, neither will I accept an offering at your hand…my name shall be great among the Gentiles…ye also say, Behold, what a weariness is it!. . . and ye have brought that which was taken by violence, and the lame, and the sick; thus ye bring the offering: should I accept this at your hand? saith Jehovah…but cursed be the deceiver, who hath in his flock a male, and voweth, and sacrificeth unto the Lord a blemished thing; for I am a great King, saith Jehovah of hosts, and my name is terrible among the Gentiles.

Malachi Mal 2 is God speaking to and condemning the priests, their hypocrisy, and divorce: Mal 2: 8 But ye are turned aside out of the way; ye have caused many to stumble in the law; ye have corrupted the covenant of Levi, saith Jehovah of hosts. Mal 2: 17 Ye have wearied Jehovah with your words. Yet ye say, Wherein have we wearied him? In that ye say, Every one that doeth evil is good in the sight of Jehovah, and he delighteth in them; or where is the God of justice? Mal 3 is the prophecy of the coming of the messenger, to prepare the way: Mal 3: 1 -3 Behold, I send my messenger, and he shall prepare the way before me: and the Lord, whom ye seek, will suddenly come to his temple; and the messenger of the covenant, whom ye desire, behold, he cometh, saith Jehovah of hosts. But who can abide the day of his coming? and who shall stand when he appeareth? for he is like a refiner's fire, and like fuller's soap: and he will sit as a refiner and purifier of silver, and he will purify the sons of Levi, and refine them as gold and silver; and they shall offer unto Jehovah offerings in righteousness.

Malachi Mal 4: 4 -6 Remember ye the law of Moses my servant, which I commanded unto him in Horeb for all Israel, even statutes and ordinances. Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the great and terrible day of Jehovah come. And he shall turn the heart of the fathers to the children, and the heart of the children to their fathers; lest I come and smite the earth with a curse. • The final message to those under the old law is similar to the final message to us under the new covenant: • Rev 22: 7 And behold, I come quickly. Blessed is he that keepeth the words of the prophecy of this book. • Rev 22: 12 Behold, I come quickly; and my reward is with me, to render to each man according as his work is. • Rev 22: 20 He who testifieth these things saith, Yea: I come quickly. Amen: come, Lord Jesus.

Questions or Discussion

Ye are not My people; children of Judah – Israel will be gathered together and appoint a leader…David their king; I will say unto them who are not my people, you are My people; they shall say Thou art My God; covenant, betrothal. The day of the Lord is near on all nations…upon Mt. Zion shall be deliverance…the kingdom shall be the Lord’s. Elijah Hosea Obadiah Elisha Jonah Isaiah 875 850 840 830 Joel Day of the Lord is coming… after this I will pour out my Spirit on all mankind; in Mt. Zion shall be escape; in those days I will gather all the nations… 800 790 750 Amos I will raise up the tent of David …as in the days of old; they may possess the remnant of Edom (world), plowman shall overtake the reaper; I will plant them…and they shall no more be pulled up … Jew /Gentile one kingdom 740 720 Micah I will gather the remnant of Israel…the mountain of the Lord will be preeminent…as for you Bethlehem one shall go forth for Me to be ruler of Israel…His goings forth are from eternity.

Kings of Israel Ahab Jehoram Jehu Ahaziah Elijah Jehoahaz Jehoash Jeroboam II Hoshea Hosea Obadiah Elisha……………. . Jonah Rise of Assyrian Expansionism _ _ _ Baal introduced 875 850 840 830 800 790 750 Amos Joel 740 720 Micah Isaiah Is 36 -37 Sennacherib invades Judah Kings of Judah Jehoshophat Ahaziah Jehoram Joash Amaziah Azariah Jotham Hezekiah Uzziah Ahaz

Isaiah • In the last days, the mountain of the house of the LORD will be established as the chief of the mountains…and • all the nations will stream to it. " For the law will go forth from Zion…the word of the LORD from Jerusalem. • In that day the Branch of the LORD will be beautiful and glorious…He will also lift up a standard to the distant nation… • "Therefore the Lord Himself will give you a sign: Behold, a virgin will be with child and bear a son, and she will call His name Immanuel. • The people who walk in darkness will see a great light; those who live in a dark land, The light will shine on them. [Mt 4: 15 -17] • For a child will be born to us, a son will be given to us; And the government will rest on His shoulders; And His name will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Eternal Father… • Then a shoot will spring from the stem of Jesse, And a branch from his roots will bear fruit. And the Spirit of the LORD will rest on Him, 740 700

Ezekiel 593 -570 BC - SUMMARY 1. Everlasting Covenant and Forgiveness (16: 60 -63) 2. The Tender Sprig, Yahweh’s King of His Own Planting (17: 22 -24) a) Restoration of Israel to set conditions for the Messiah – 20: 40 -44 & Jer 23: 3 -6 3. End of the Physical Kingdom (Davidic/Judah - Zedekiah) until shilloh a) Messiah the Rightful King (He to whom the scepter belongs / shiloh); 21: 25 -27 [Ezekiel translates shilloah from Gen 49: 10] 4. Messiah as the One, Good (True) Shepherd (34: 23 -31) a) “My sheep” (13 x in Ch. 34 alone) b) Yahweh would be the sole shepherd/king of their future (v. 23) 5. Spiritual Restoration & Spiritual Uniting of the Two Former Kingdoms (“they shall be one in MY hand”); Rev 12: 5; 17: 14 Ps 2 a) Jer 23: 3 -6; ch. 30 -33 660 Zephaniah 630 -625 Jeremiah 627 -586 Habakkuk Daniel 605 - 536 625 -605 Ezekiel 593 -570 586

Ezekiel 593 -570 BC • It is critical to note that the Babylonian Captivity and the prophecies of Jeremiah and Ezekiel speak to the end of the physical kingdom of Judah and the Davidic line [Jer 3: 15 -18] Jer 22: 29 -30 O earth, hear the word of the LORD. Thus saith the LORD, Write ye this man (Coniah/Jehoiakim) childless…for no man of his seed shall prosper, sitting upon the throne of David, and ruling any more in Judah. • Babylonian destruction 586 BC = end of physical royal line ( physical throne ) • Roman destruction AD 70 = ended the old dispensation, Law, temple for all time.

3. End of the Physical - Ezekiel 20: 40 -44 Two Restorations 1 st Recovery - to the Land (1 st remnant) under Zerbbabel 2 nd Recovery – to Yahweh’s Holy Mountain (assembly); ‘election of grace’ Ez 20: 41 f; Rom 11: 5; Isa 11: 9, 11; 12: 6; Heb 12: 24 ff • At this present time there is a remnant according to…grace • Ye are come unto Mt. Zion…the city of the living God; the heavenly Jerusalem…the general assembly and church of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven…and • To Jesus the mediator of a new covenant • • Ezek 20: 42 ff Ezra 9: 8, 13, 14 -15 Leave us a remnant to escape Give us a reviving…to repair Give us a wall in Judah & Jerusalem Thou art righteous; for we are left a remnant that is escaped • • • Physical Spiritual remnant Spiritual city/land Spiritual domain/kingdom Spiritual warfare Spiritual offerings/rewards

Daniel 605 -536 BC: Ch. 2, 7, 9, & 12 • Daniel’s interpretations and dreams can be divided into 4 topics 1. Dan 2: The time of the Messiah’s Kingdom (arrival) (statue) 2. Dan 7: The Messiah’s reception of the kingdom (4 beasts/kingdoms) 3. Dan 9: The Division of 70 sevens (weeks) – the time to the arrival of the Messiah • 7 wks three-score and two dividing-time between two events of Yahweh’s commandment to restore & rebuild Jerusalem and Cyrus’ proclamation of it – marks the first sevens. • 2 nd period – 62 weeks period between completion of rebuilding of Jerusalem until the Messiah would come • v. 26 three score and two weeks shall the Anointed One be cut off 4. Dan 12: The Time of the End (the destruction of the old dispensation).

The 3 Uses of telew (teleo) in terms of God’s Workings or Doings Gen 2: 1 -2 And the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them. And on the seventh day God finished his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all His work He had made. Jn 19: 30 When Jesus therefore had received the vinegar, he said, It is finished: and he bowed his head, and gave up his spirit. Rev 10: 7 but in the days of the voice of the seventh angel when he is about to sound, then is finished the mystery of God, according to the good tidings which he declared to his servants the prophets. Beginning Fulfillment End